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This document describes several types of retaining walls:
- Masonry walls and reinforced concrete walls are suitable for heights up to 6m. Crib walls use pre-cast concrete units filled with drainage material. Gabion walls use wire baskets filled with stone.
- Driven sheet piles are interlocking steel sheets used to construct underground barriers. Contiguous and secant bored piles are reinforced concrete piles installed in a sequence.
- Reinforced earth walls combine soil and flexible metal strips to form a composite material wall. Ground anchors and soil nailing are used to prevent slope failures and erosion.
This document describes several types of retaining walls:
- Masonry walls and reinforced concrete walls are suitable for heights up to 6m. Crib walls use pre-cast concrete units filled with drainage material. Gabion walls use wire baskets filled with stone.
- Driven sheet piles are interlocking steel sheets used to construct underground barriers. Contiguous and secant bored piles are reinforced concrete piles installed in a sequence.
- Reinforced earth walls combine soil and flexible metal strips to form a composite material wall. Ground anchors and soil nailing are used to prevent slope failures and erosion.
This document describes several types of retaining walls:
- Masonry walls and reinforced concrete walls are suitable for heights up to 6m. Crib walls use pre-cast concrete units filled with drainage material. Gabion walls use wire baskets filled with stone.
- Driven sheet piles are interlocking steel sheets used to construct underground barriers. Contiguous and secant bored piles are reinforced concrete piles installed in a sequence.
- Reinforced earth walls combine soil and flexible metal strips to form a composite material wall. Ground anchors and soil nailing are used to prevent slope failures and erosion.
–Masonry walls – mass concrete, RC walls – suitable for wall up to 6m in height,
brickwork or stonework.(< 1.5m) sometimes key is added to improve resistance to
sliding. CRIB WALL – pre-cast concrete unit and the space Gabion walls- a basket made from galvanised steel filled with free-draining materials. mesh filled with stone rubbles or cobbles to provide free draining wall units. Braced or propped retaining wall – trenches Driven sheet pile- Driven sheet piles are thin interlocking steel sheets used to construct a continuous barrier in the ground. Interlock is typically achieved by clutching the edge of one pile into the previous pile. Temporary retaining wall and cofferdam. Contiguous bored piles - Piles are installed, in a sequence determined by boring conditions. The wall is not watertight and measures may be required to prevent fines wash-out between the piles. Each pile is reinforced with a cage, designed to resist bending moments and shear. Pile diameters of 350- 1200mm are offered, retaining up to 15m. Secant bored piles - Alternate soft piles are formed using either a slow-gain concrete or a workable grout mix. The installation sequence is determined by ground conditions, but is normally on a hit and miss 2 or 3 piles basis. After a sufficient initial curing period (2-4 days) and once each alternate pile is formed, the reinforced ‘male’ piles are installed. The male and female piles overlap by approximately 75-100mm. The secant between hard and soft piles ensures that water seepage is minimised and fines wash-out is prevented. The interlocking secant wall is not watertight; however water flow is greatly reduced. Similar pile sizes and retained heights to contiguous piling can be offered. Reinforced earth wall- consist of composite material formed by cohesion less soil and flexible metal reinforcing strips. The earth and the reinforcement are combined through friction. Suitable for highway and bridge grade separations, railroads and mass transit systems, waterfronts, airports, loading docks, industrial facilities and commercial and residential developments. They are also used in response to difficult design conditions such as very high structures, restricted space Ground anchor - to prevent deep seated failures, as well as a form of erosion control Soil nailing - technique that can be used as a remedial measure to treat unstable natural soil slopes or as a construction technique that allows the safe over-steepening of new or existing soil slopes. To strengthen embankment and retaining walls.