Presentation

Physical training of Greek-Roman style wrestlers (12-14 years)

by Cross Fit means

The chosen theme is meant to highlight the importance of complementary

disciplines (swimming, athletics, gymnastics, bodybuilding, combat) in the training plan of
the group of advanced wrestlers, while improving sports performance.
The extensive use in the process of training of the alternative disciplines which
employ the active reserves of the body of the sportsman includes the acquisition of the
necessary knowledge about the sports technique, the possession of the appropriate capabilities
and skills, the improvement of the sport technique by changing its dynamic and kinematic
parameters, as well as the acquisition of the procedures and new elements.
In the physical training process the athlete is to increase his / her level of activity of
the functional systems that provide the necessary level of general and special training in the
training process, to develop the motor skills - strength, speed, endurance, flexibility,
coordination skills, as well as the ability to demonstrate physical qualities in conditions of
competitive activity, their improvement and their cumulative manifestation through the
alternative listed disciplines.
In the psychological training it is necessary to educate and improve the moral-volitive
qualities and the special psychological functions of the athlete, as well as the ability to direct
his / her psychological state during the training activities and competitions.
Sports training is an organized social action. From this point of view, the principles of
organization, planning, decision-making, regulation and evaluation must be the basis for
leadership and training. To these categories of principles should be added the principles of
praxiology and docimology, which are subordinated to the goal of continuous growth of
sports performance (development of performance capacity).
Regardless of the alternative discipline used, the basic task of physical training is to
improve the exercise capacity. This workload allows the body to adapt to the continuous
growth of physical and psychological training requirements.
General exercises are not directly related to sports practice, such as running for a
cyclist or rower. They do not influence much performance, but they play an important role in
physical training, to compensate for the deficiencies and to replace the fundamentally
opposite work when it is impossible to organize it.

Based on the orientation and effects of the exercises in the alternative disciplines, the
physical development exercises are divided into two groups:
- exercises without sporting goods or other objects than those used in competitions
(sticks, strings, medical balls) and,
- exercises derived from related sports.

A multilevel physical training is necessary for:

- sports requiring complex motor coordination such as gymnastics, where the
strengthening of muscles, bones and ligaments can thus reduce the risk of injuries,
especially for young athletes;
- alternative disciplines, which due to climatic conditions, cannot be practised
throughout the year, such as football;
- all athletes, facilitating their improvement of psychomotor skills and positive
transfer in the learning process.
 For a specific physiological development, athletes should be subject to requests that
relate directly to the technical, tactical and physiological requirements of that particular sport.
This goal is easy to achieve in cyclical sports, but not in complex actions (wrestling). Multiple
repetition, wholly or partially, of the exercises or the phases of some actions can lead to the
same goal.
The selection of the right training tools is extremely important. Elements used in
alternative disciplines may lead to a poor specialization of the athlete's development and
consequently to inappropriate performance if they are not fully understood.
In specific training, the volume is high and it is only possible by decreasing the
intensity. The didactic principle from easy to difficult, from simple to complex, is based on
the gradual adaptation of the body to effort.
Increased intensity of effort without a previous fortification of the body would lead to
overstressing of the central nervous system, which could be followed by: early onset fatigue,
exhaustion and injuries.
Increasing exercise potential is only possible by increasing the volume and intensity of
the training. Because many athletes have daily training, it is expected that their recovery
speed between training will influence the increase in training load.
Speed under its various forms of manifestation is a particularly important driving force
in all sports. In many cases speed is involved in combination with other qualities - strength,
endurance, but in so many cases it can determine success. We have a good development of
speed by using the alternative discipline of athletics.
Endurance can be defined as the body's ability to cope with fatigue in long-term
efforts. It is determined by physiological factors - the capacity of the cardiovascular and
respiratory systems, the metabolism, the nervous system as well as the ability to coordinate
the other systems of the body, the psychic-volitive factors, as well as the coordination skills.
Endurance is characterized by the maximum economy of functions and is well developed by
means of the alternative discipline of swimming-athletics.
Mobility can be defined as the ability of the body to easily carry out an ample
movement. The execution of such movements depends on the amplitude of the joint.
Mobility is a prerequisite for executing procedures from high amplitude fights and
develops the ease with which an athlete can perform technical procedures at maximum speed.
An inappropriate development of combat-specific mobility (lack of extra mobility
resources) may have different negative effects, but by combining them with elements from the
discipline of combat we diminish these effects.
In English, the word "stretch" means making your body, legs and arms straight so that
they are as long as possible. Nicu A. defines this method as "a system of exercises that
involves maintaining a segment in a certain position over a short period of time-for a few
seconds - for the gradual stretching of a muscle and its preparation for a specific effort it will
be subjected to".
S. Sölveborn (1993, also A. Dragnea) believes that this method of muscle action takes
place in three stages: static contraction, relaxation and slow stretching. The muscle or muscle
group on which it is being operated must be held in a 10-80 second stretch position.
Bodybuilding is the alternative discipline from which we can use the best exercises to
prepare segments analytically before and after workouts.