CNF REVIEWER
fashion.
Creative Nonfiction an Overview
Nick Juaquin - In the Philippines, the works of
Nick Joaquin, his oral history accounts the
people in the Philippines Free Press and his
books like “The Aquinos of Tarlac” and “Quartet
of the Tiger Moon,” are considered pioneering
masterpieces of creative nonfiction.
-the best writer of his generation
-his works are classic representation of creative
nonfiction in the Philippines where he showcase
his boundless versatility and creativity.
Lee Gutkind – was dubbed the “grandfather of
creative nonfiction” by the Vanity Fair Magazine
in 1997 because he pioneered, activated, and
advocated the popularity of the genre in the
1970s.
-in his book, The Art of Creative Nonfiction
(1997), he stated that creative nonfiction
demands a spontaneous and imaginative
approach while remaining true to the validity and
integrity of information.
Thomas Wolfe Jr. – (“Right Stuf,.” 1979.
“Electric Kool-Aid Acid Tests,” (1968) and
Truman Capote’s true crime novel, “In Cold
Blood” (1966), are among the prominent
representations of early creative nonfiction
masterpieces.
Cristina Pantoja-Hidalgo is also one of the
pioneering writers of the genre, with her books
like “Five Years in a Forgotten Land” (1991)
when she chronicled and reminiscened her
years of stay as a teacher and a diplomat’s wife
in Rangoon.
Columnist Conrado De Quiros – has made his
name as a columnist of the Philippine Daily
Inquirer. His column entitled “There’s the Rub”
deals mostly with sociopolitical issues.
 A creative nonfictionist is someone who
possesses the skills of a narrator or
storyteller and the mind of critical thinker.
 Creative nonfiction publish or land jobs in
magazines, newspapers, media and evem
advertising.
 Creative nonfiction doesn’t only include facts
but also elaborates, interprets, and presents
the work to the reader in an interesting
 Creative nonfiction is a genre that uses
traditional literary styles and techniques to
report, recount, or tell stories of factual
persons, places, events, or things.
 Creative nonfiction is at times called literary
nonfiction or factual literature.
 it utilizes fact-based writing of stories with
human values.
 The Author’s presence, either directly or
indirectly narrating the story, creates a
distinctive voice that reveals his/her
personality, attitude, beliefs, and interests.
 Language – is critical in creative nonfiction.
The language of the author conveys visual
imagery. The words used encourage
memory sights, sound, and smell.
 Language makes the meaning sensible.
Biography – belongs to nonfiction genre that
tells the life of people and their achievements,
struggles and significant experiences.
Autobiography – that is narrated through the
author’s personal experiences and reveals
accounts of events, way of thinking, emotions,
expectations, and realization, a biography is
written by another person.
Elements and Styles
The elements and styles in creative nonfiction
offer a unique challenge of molding real-life
experiences into essays, where language
reflects content.
Approach – refers to author handles the subject,
characters, and perspective of the story. It is
synonymous with angle. It could be subjective
and objective.
Plot – the literay model also reveals the plot or
the chain of events in chronological order. The
events are presented in the order in which they
happened to highlight significant or vivid
incidents in then life of the subject.
Tone – is connected to point of view because it
reveals how the writer treats or feels about
his/her subject.
Characters and Characterization – reveal how
the author views or feels about the subject, in
order to do this, the biographers brings out the
facts and details of the subject’s personality.
Setting – pertains to the place, time, mood,
atmosphere, weather and social condition of a
story.
Voice – defined by qualities like choices of
metaphors, illusions and other literary elements.
Dialogue – uses the subject’s own words to
strengthen the characterization of real people.
Scene – pertains to the use of dramatic writing
in the plot of creative nonfiction.
-the scene can dictate the pace and render the
development of suspense and excitement.
-Finally, the scenes dramatize tha facts and
details of creative nonfiction. Dialogues, action
verbs, and descriptions are used in order to
make scenes interesting.
Research Project
Pananaliksik – ito ay isang komprehensibong
Gawain.
-ang pananaliksik ay isang sining.
-pagtuklas ng mga teorya na gamit sa
komprehensibong pag-aaral.
Fred Kerlinger – ang pananaliksik ay isang
sistematiko, kontrolado, emepirikal, at kritikal na
imbestigasyon.
Katangian ng Pananaliksik
 Obhetibo
 Mayaman sa ginagamit na mga datos
 Maayos na pamamaraan o metodolohiya
 Maayos ang dokumentasyon
 May sinusunod na tamang proseso sa
pagsulat
 Kritikal
Mga Layunin ng Pananaliksik
 Makatuklas ng mga bagong impormasyon,
ideya at konseptong.
 Mabigyang linaw ang isang mahalagang
isyu o paksa.
 Makapagbigay ng mungkahing solusyon sa
suliranin.
 Makapagbigay ng bagong
pagpapakahulugan o interpretasyon sa dati
ng ideya.
Responsibilidad ng Mananaliksik
 Pagkamatiyaga
 Pagkamaparaan
 Pagkamasistema sa Gawain
 Pagkamaingat
 Pagkakamapuri o kritikal
 Pagkamatapat
 Pagiging responsible
Ipinaliwanag ni Best (1963) na ang palarawang
pananaliksik ay isang imbestigasyon na
naglalarawan at nagbibigay kahulugan tungkol
sa isang bagay o isyu.
Sinabi ni Gay (1975) – na ito ang pamaraan ng
pananaliksik na tunay na makakasubok sa
palagaya o hypothesis tungkol sa ugnayang
sanhi at bunga.
Mga Bahagi ng Pananaliksik
Kabanata I: Ang Suliranin at Kaligiran nito
Kabanata II: Mga Kaugnay na Literatura
Kabanata III: Metodolohiya o pamamaraan
Kabanata IV: Paglalahad at
Pagpapakahulugan ng mga Datos
Kabanata V: Lagom, Kongklusyon, at
Rekomendasyon
Konseptong papel – ay isang paglalagom ng
kabuoang ideya o kaisipan na tumatalakay sa
ibig tuklasin, linawin o tukuyin.
Bahagi ng Konseptong Papel
Rasyonal – inilalahad ang kaligiran o
pinagmulang ideya kung bakit napili ang isang
particular na paksa.
Layunin – isinasaad ang mga dahilan ng
pananaliksik o kung ano ang ibig matamo
pagkatapos maisagawa ang pannaliksik sa
napiling paksa.
Metodolohiya – tumutukoy sa paraan ng
paggamit sa pagkuha ng datos at pagsusuri sa
piniling paksa.
Paggamit ng iba’t ibang Sistema ng
Dokumentasyon – kailangang maingat ang
gagawing impormasyon at mga datos nagiging
maayos ang mga dokumentasyon sa tulong ng
bibliograpiya at iba pang sanggunian.
Pagbuo ng balangkas – sinasabing ang
balangkas ay larawan ng mga hakbang na
dapat bigyang pansin.
Pagkuha, paggamit, at pagsasaayos ng datos –
mahalaga ang mga datos sa isang pananaliksik
kailangang isaalang-alang ng mananaliksik
kung paano gagamitin at isasaayos ang mga
datos na nakalap.
DIASS
5.1 Government Setting
Counselling professionals in government setting
work with the various government agencies that
have counseling services such as social
welfare, correctional department, the court
system, child and women affairs services.
5.2 Private Sectors Setting
Counselors range from independent providers
of services or work for NGOs or specialized for
profit centers and organizations that render a
variety of counseling services.
-It remain very much the same as in the
government setting.
5.3 Civil Society Setting
Is generally charities or non-profit and issue-
based centers or organizations such as for
abused women, abandoned children methods.
5.4 School Setting
The role of school counselor is more complex
since the needs of students ca vary widely. It
was understood that “guidance process occurs
in an individual in a development sequence to
the age of maturity (coy 1999).
Frank Parsons – knowns as the “Father of
guidance and counseling,” developed a
vocational program that matched an individual’s
traits with a vocation (Co y1999).
6.1 Conducting Needs Assessment for
individuals, groups, organization and
communities
Needs Assessment – it is the systematic
observation of symptoms of the client to
determine the specific felt needs.
Intervation – it is the process of planning the
counseling methods and tools to be used for the
client based on what is needed.
Implementation – it is the process that involves
acting on the plan for an effective counseling.
Monitoring – it is the process of documenting the
entire process of counseling while it is going on.
Evaluation – it is the process of examining the
results of counseling to find out if the intended
results were met or unmet.
7.5 Core values of social work
Compassion – considered as an important value
for all humankind but in social work, it is the
basis for someone to go out and become a voice
to the voiceless and a friend to the people who
need it most.
Services – without a special interest in pure
service, much of the social work could not be
properly accomplished.
Social justice – is a basis of their understanding
of the need to ensure that everyone get serviced
and that everyone get a share of what the
community possesses in material and non-
material assets.
Dignity and worth of the person – is a value that
provides the determination and drive for a social
workers to seek the marginalized In all forms
without much regard as to whether suc a
problem is self-inflicted or socially imposed.
Importance of human relationships – is the
context of social marginalization and inclusion.
Integrity – is necessary In all human endeavors.
Nothing can be accomplished without integrity.
Competence – a very important value for social
work because it separates social caregiving
from social work professional practice.
8.1 Defining the roles, functions, and
competencies of social work
Social work – as a professional has evolved
over time but its enduring feature as a helping
profession is “the dual aims of helping
individuals fit better into their environments,
typically known as micro practice, and changing
the environment so that it works better
individuals, referred to as macro practice”
-special focus on both people and their
environment, a duality as well as the interaction
between them, orients social work roles,
functions and competencies toward helping
improve society, helping individuals and families
improve their social functioning and making
society work better for individuals and groups,
and facilitating individuals and groups to
function better within society and their
communities.
Roles of social works.
Enabler – helping people find solution.
Broker or advocates – case management
Teachers – information processing
Facilitator – aid of organizational development
Convener or mediator - aid of creating networks
Trainer – professional development
Planner – facilitating research and planning
Activist – aid of social action
Colleague and a monitor – aid of professional
enculturation and socialization
Catalysts – community service
Researcher – scholars – aid of knowledge
development