Auto Selection of any Available Phase, in a 3-Phase-Supply System

Abstract

The main concept of this project is to maintain continuous AC supply to a single-phase load by
an auto-changeover of load fromthe missing phase to any available phase in a three-phase
system.

The proposed system uses a rectified-power supply. In this system, three phases areconnected to
the control circuit through an Optoisolatorafterreducing the voltage level and rectifying it to DC
using a step-down transformer and a half-wave rectifier, respectively. The load is selected
fromany of the availablethree phases, automatically, using relays,which are interfaced to the
relay driver IC. The logic gates are used for detecting the availability of the phase.

The circuit is connected in such a waythat the relays connected to the phase feeding the load are
always energized. In case of the failure of this phase, the logic gates automatically generatean
output to drive, so that the next relay is activatedto connect the other available phases to feed the
load.

This project in future can be enhanced by incorporating power semiconductor devices such as
thyristors/IGBTs for instantaneous changeover to the next available phase. This overcomes the
drawback of the changeover time generally witnessed by the relay switching operations.
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