WATERPROOFING

Waterproofing in buildings is the formation of an impervious barrier over surfaces of foundations, roofs,
walls and other structural members of building to prevent water penetrations through these surfaces.

1. Waterproofing of foundations

2. Waterproofing of basements

3. Waterproofing of bathrooms and toilets,

4. Waterproofing of terraces
Water (through humidity and rains) is the prime source of degrading or harming a structure, right from its
foundation to its plaster if the structure is not well protected from it. Water through its capillary action
enters and hampers the strength of concrete, thereby making it susceptible to corrosion. This is observed
in building through the development of cracks on plaster, rot formation on walls and presence of moisture
on ceiling.

waterproofing methods

 Cementitious Waterproofing Method

o Cementitious waterproofing is the easiest method of waterproofing in construction. The
materials for cementitious waterproofing is easily available from suppliers of masonry
products, and they’re easy to mix and apply.
Applications of Cementitious Waterproofing
Cementitious waterproofing is used in the following type of structures:

Water Treatment Plants

Sewage Treatment Plants
Bridges
Dams
Railway & Subway Systems
Marine Cargo Ports & Docks
River Locks/Channels & Concrete Dykes
Parking Structures & Lots
Tunnels

 Liquid Waterproofing Membrane Method

o Liquid membrane is a thin coating which consists of usually a primer
coat and two coats of top coats which are applied by spray, roller, or
trowel. It offers more flexibility than the cementitious types of
waterproofing
o The liquid cures into a rubbery coating on the wall. The elongation
properties of the coating can reach as high as 280%. The durability
of the waterproofing coating depends on what type of polymer the
manufacturer use for the making of the liquid waterproofing.
o Liquid waterproofing membrane can be of spray-applied liquid
membrane composed of polymer-modified asphalt. Polyurethane
 liquid membranes in separate grades for trowel, roller, or spray are
also available from various manufacturers.

Bituminous Coating Waterproofing Method

Bituminous coating is a type of coating used for waterproofing and flexible
protective coat in accordance with its formulation and polymerization
grade. Its flexibility and protection against water can be influenced by the
polymer grade as well as reinforcement of fiber.
Bituminous coating is also called as asphalt coating. The most common
applications of bituminous coatings include areas that are beneath screed
wet. It is an excellent protective coating and waterproofing agent,
especially on surfaces such as concrete foundations.

Bituminous coating is made of bitumen based materials and it is not

suitable for expose to sunlight. It becomes very brittle and fragile when
long exposure to the sunlight unless it is modified with more flexible
material such as polyurethane or acrylic based polymers.

The flexibility of the finished products always depends on the solid content
of the polymer added to the bitumen.
 Bituminous coating is made of bitumen based materials and it is not
suitable for expose to sunlight. It becomes very brittle and fragile when
long exposure to the sunlight unless it is modified with more flexible
material such as polyurethane or acrylic based polymers.

The flexibility of the finished products always depends on the solid content
of the polymer added to the bitumen.

4. Bituminous Membrane Waterproofing Method

Bituminous membrane waterproofing is a popular method used for low-sloped
roofs due to their proven performance. Bituminous waterproofing membrane
have torch on membrane and self-adhesive membrane.

Self-adhesive compounds comprise asphalt, polymers and filler; additionally,

certain resins and oils may be added to improve adhesion characteristics. The
self-adhesive type has low shelf life as bonding properties of the membrane
reduces with time.
Torch on membrane have exposed and covered types. Exposed membrane often
has mineral granular aggregate to withstand the wear and tear of the weathering
and the other types of membrane, contractor need to apply one protective screed
to prevent the puncture of the membrane.

5. Polyurethane Liquid Membrane Waterproofing

Method
Polyurethane liquid membrane method of waterproofing is used for the flat roof
area and exposed to weathering. This waterproofing method is expensive.
Polyurethane Liquid Membrane can offer higher flexibility. Polyurethane is very
sensitive to moisture content present, therefore before application, one has to be
very careful evaluating the moisture content of the concrete slab, otherwise
peeling or de-bonding of membranes may happen after some time.

Importance Of Waterproofing

Building waterproofing is a process which is designed to prevent water from penetrating

a building. Usually extensive waterproofing measures are added to a building at the
time of construction, to provide moisture control from the start, and waterproofing may
also be done after a building is built, to address problems as they emerge or as part of
a building retrofit.

Waterproofing is critical, for a number of reasons, and many contractors around the
world specialize in building waterproofing, providing maintenance, restoration, and new
construction services. From the point of view of its occupants, building waterproofing is
important because

It keeps a building dry.

It also reduces internal humidity, making a building more comfortable to work in and
protecting objects inside the building from damage as a result of humidity and water
vapour.

Building waterproofing is also important to the integrity of the building itself.

Typically, building waterproofing is done in several different ways to create multiple

barriers for water so that it cannot enter a structure. Together, waterproofing measures
are known as “the envelope.” Some signs that there is a problem with the building
waterproofing include:

 wet basement walls

 the proliferation of Mold and fungi
 signs of rot
 Pooling water inside a structure.
 Difference Between Water Resistant and Water Proof Material
Water-resistant and waterproof refer to the amount of water that is prevented from
entering or exiting an item. Despite having the same purpose, these terms are different
and should not be used synonymously. The main difference between water-resistant
and waterproof is that water resistant products can withstand wet weather but cannot
withstand being totally submerged in water; waterproof products can.

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