Package of practices for Rice (Bargarh District)

Suitable varieties for different cropping situations:

S.NO. Cropping situation Suitable varieties

1 For Normal Sowing
2 Up land situation Heera, Ghanteswari, Sahabhagi
Medium land situation MTU‐1010, Lalat, MTU‐1001, MTU‐7029, Pratikshya,Naveen
Low land situation CR1009,Barsadhan
3 For BPH affected regions Kudrata
4 For Saline soils Lunishree,SwarnasubI
5 For submergence areas Sarala,durga,Hanseswari
6 For Bacterial Leaf blight Swarna
7 Hybrids Dhani‐6444 Gold

Brief description of rice varieties:

Duration Yield Pest/ Disease
Variety Special Features
(days) (T/ac) Resistance
MTU 7029 150 3.0 BLB Fine grain, high yield with low N
MTU 1001 140 2.5 BPH, Blast Fine grain
MTU 1010 125 3.0 BPH, Blast (T) Super fine grain

IR 64 120 2.5 Blast Super fine grain

Coarse grain, suitable for rainfed
RGL 1880 110 2.0 Gall midge
situations
Situation/Location specific varieties
Suitable for low lying areas and is having
Swarna Sub1 150 3.0 BLB
submergence tolerance for two weeks

Seed rate:
 For transplanting 20‐25 Kg, for direct seeding 16‐20 Kg and for SRI method 2 Kg seed per acre is
required.

Seed Treatment:
 Treat the seed with carbendazim 3g/Kg seed for dry seed treatment and soak the seed in lit of
water containing 1g of carbendazim for 24 hrs for wet seed treatment.

Seed Dormancy:
 For breaking seed dormancy treat the seed with 0.63% (6.3ml/lit of water) of Conc. Nitric acid for
24 hours and after washing incubate for another 24 hours.
Nursery:
 Select area of nursery which has good irrigation and drainage facility
 Puddle the nursery field to 2‐3 times at an interval of 5‐7 days so as to minimize the percolation
losses of water and nutrients.
 Prepare channels for proper drainage
 Soak the paddy seed for 24 hrs and incubate for another 24 hrs before sowing of sprouted seed in
nursery
 Sow sprouted seed @ 5kg per cent of nursery bed and 25 kg of seed is sufficient for one acre of
main field.
 Sowing in nurseries should start during 1st fort night of June for Kharif and 2 nd fort night of
December.
 Apply 40 kg FYM, 12 kg SSB and 2 kg MOP/10 cent nursery area, 4 kg Urea, 1.2 kg carbofuran 3G, 1
spray of tricyclazole @.6/litr. after 15 days of germination.

Land preparation and Planting:

 Ploughing followed by puddling ten days before transplanting and by following perfect levelling.
 Normally 33 hills/ sqm. (20 x 15 cm) during Kharif and 44 hills /sqm (15 x 15cm) during rabi is
optimum plant density.
 In order to reduce the weed growth and for better water management, good levelling of the main
field has to be followed.
 25 – 30 days aged seedlings should be used for planting. Planting should be completed by July‐Aug
during Kharif and January during rabi season.
 Shallow planting with 2‐3 seedlings per hill is desirable to have profuse tillering.
 For hybrids follow spacing of 30 cm X 30 cm with only one seedling.

Weed Control:
 Weed growth should be checked during first four weeks after transplanting (two hand weedings at
20 and 40 days after transplanting).
 Application of Butachlor @ 1.25 /acre (or) Pretilachlor @ 600 ml (or) Anilophos @ 500 ml /acre
Oxadiargyl @ 35g/ac by mixing 25 kg of sand when monocot and sedges dominates at 3‐5 DAT to control
grasses and sedges effectively.
 To control broad‐leaved weeds, apply 2,4 –D granules @ 8‐10 kg/acre at 3‐5 DAT.
 Spray Pyrazosulfuron @ 80g/ac at 8‐10 DAT or Ethoxy sulfuron @ 50g/ac at 10‐12 DAT.
 Spray 2,4 D Sodium salt (Fernoxone 80% WP) at 2g /l of water at 20 DAT to control broad‐leaved
weed if any with 200 litre of spray fluid per acre.
 Spray Bispyribac sodium 10SC@ 80ml/acre after 20 ‐ 25 DAT to control monocot weeds. Cono‐
weeding: Weeding can be done by cono‐weeder in line transplanted areas. First weeding should be done
on fourteen days after transplanting and this should be continued at 7‐10 days interval afterwards. At
least two or three weedings are required. This practice of churning of soil seems to improve soil structure
and increases the aeration of the soil. Thus the incorporation of weed biomass into soil results in
enrichment of CO2 near root zone, increases the biological activities, increases soil microbes population
and activities, results in better nutrient availability in soil and uptake by plants.

 For effective control of weeds maintain a thin film of water at the time of weedicide application.
Fertilizer recommendation:
a) Nursery
 Basal fertilization with 0.5 kg of `N’; 0.5 kg of `P’ and 0.5 Kg of `K’ per every 100 sq.mt is required
to get robust seedlings, followed by another 0.5 kg `N’ at 12 days after sowing.
 Spray ZnSO4 @ 2.0 g /l for correction of Zinc deficiency if deficiency is observed.
 Spray 5‐10 g Ferrous sulphate (or) Ferrous ammonium sulphate with 0.5 to 1.0 gram of citric acid
per litre of water to correct Iron deficiency in the nursery crop.
b) Main field
 Fertilizer should be applied as per the recommendations based on the soil test. @60‐30‐30 for up
lands, 80‐40‐40 for medium land and 100‐50‐50 kg NPK/ha for hybrids.
 Apply Farm Yard Manure @ 10 Tons per ha.
 Nitrogen is to be applied in three splits (at basal, at active tillering stage & at Panicle Initiation
stage) `P’ & `K’ may be applied as basal in heavy soils.
 In case of light soils, `K’ may be applied in two equal splits i.e., at basal and at panicle initiation
stage.
Green manuring:
Green manuring is an important renewable source of input for building of soil fertility and supplementing
plant nutrients, especially nitrogen. This practice is more appropriate for irrigated agriculture, due to easy
mineralization of nutrients from the turned over plants in the soil. Green manures may be either
leguminous crops grown in in situ (Dhanicha Sesbania sps, Crotalaria sps) or non leguminous plants/ trees
(Gilicidia maculate, Pongamia; Calotropis etc) grown on bunds of waste lands for utilizing vegetative parts
for green leaf manuring of soils. In addition leguminous crops like cow pea, green gram and black gram are
used as green manure or incorporation of vegetative parts after harvesting seed.

Micronutrient deficiencies and correction:

Zinc deficiency:
Symptoms:
 Poor stand and establishment, lack of growth and tillering.
 Unhealthy and sickly appearance of crop at 3‐4 weeks after transplantion even after receipt of
adequate quantities of N,P and K fertilizers
 Basal mid rib bleaching of 3rd / 4th leaf from top at about 2‐4 weeks after transplantion.
 Dark brown rusty spots on the upper part near the tips of older and mature leaves.
Causes:
 The problem of deficiency is likely to aggravate due to very low night temperatures
 When large quantities of undecomposed organic matter particularly paddy straw is applied at low
temperatures
 In saline and alkaline soils
 Under ill drained conditions
 Excess use of N,P,K fertilizers
 In fields where top soil is removed
Correction:
 Application of zinc sulphate @ 20 kg/ac at puddling is suggested as a prophylactic measure in Zinc
deficient endemic soils
 Deficiency in the standing crop can be corrected by spraying zinc sulphate @ 0.2% (2 g/L of water).
The spraying should be repeated at 5 days interval depending on the severity of the problem
 Zinc sulphate solution should not be mixed with any insecticide / fungicide
Irrigation:
 Avoid moisture stress at tillering, panicle initiation, flowering and grain filling stages.
 A thin film of water (2‐3 cm) should be maintained at the time of weedicide application and should
not be drained up to one week
 Maintain water level at 5 cm depth during first seven days after planting and there after up to
completion of tillering at 2 cm depth.
 Maintain water level at 5 cm depth from panicle initiation to grain maturity.
 Drain the water before fertilizer application.
 Mid season drying discourages unproductive tillers.
 Drain the field one week before harvest.
 Drain the field and aerate whenever Sulphide injury occurs.

Plant protection:
Pests
Cultural practices recommended for reducing the build up of insect pests:
 Summer ploughing
 Grow suitable resistant varieties
 Use recommended doses of fertilizers
 Clipping of the leaf tips of seedlings while planting
 Adopt normal spacing
 Formation of alleyways.
 Alternate wetting and drying
 Weed management

Economic threshold levels of insect pests

S.No. Insect Pest Stage of the Crop Economic threshold level
1 Stem borer Nursery and Tillering One adult or one egg mass per one sqm or 5% of
dead hearts per sqm.
2 Gall midge Nursery and Tillering One silver shoot per hill or 5% galls per sqm.
3 BPH/WBPH Tillering 10‐15 insects per hill
After Flowering 20‐25 insects per hill
4 Leaf folder All stages One to two damaged leaves per hill
5 Hispa Tillering stage Two adults per hill or two damaged leaves per hill
6 Green leaf Nursery One or two insects per sqm
hopper Tillering 10 insects per hill
Flowering 20 insects per hill
7 Gundhi bug Flowering s One to two adults per hill

Chemical control
Tillering stage:
Stemborer, Thrips and Hispa:
 Spray monocrotophos @ 36 SL 1.6 ml or chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 2.5 ml or phosphamidon 40 SL@ 2.0 ml/litre
of water.
Gallmidge:
 Apply phorate 10G @ 12.5 kg/ha or carbofuran 3 G @ 25 kg/ha at 15 DAT in 1– 2 inches of standing
water.
Leaf folder:
 Spray profenophos @ 2.0 ml or chlorpyriphos @ 2.5 ml or monocrotophos 36 SL @ 1.6 ml/litre of
water.
Hispa:
 Spray profenophos @ 2.0 ml or chlorpyriphos @ 2.5 ml or monocrotophos @1.6 ml/litre of water
Leaf mite:
 Dicofol @ 5.0 ml or wettable sulphur @ 3 g /l of water.

Panicle initiation to booting stage

BPH/WBPH:
 Spray acephate @ 1.5 g or monocrotophos @ 2.2 ml or ethofenprox @ 2.0 ml or fenobucarb @ 2.0
ml or imidacloprid @ 0.25 ml or thiamethoxam @ 0.2 g or Buprofuzin 1.6ml per litre of water.
 Spray fluid (200 litres/acre) should be directed towards the base of the plant.
 Avoid spraying of combination of insecticides and synthetic pyrethroids.
 If second spray is warranted alternate the previous chemical preferably belonging to another group.
Stemborer:
 Cartap hydrochloride 50 WP 2.0 g or acephate 1.5 g or profenophos 2.0 ml /litre of water (or) apply
cartaphydrochloride 4G @ 8 kg/acre when the adult moths/egg masses @ one/ sq.m are noticed in the
field.
Leaf folder:
 Spray cartaphydrochloride 2.0 g or acephate 1.5 g or profenophos 2.0 ml /litre of water.
Panicle mite:
 Spray profenophos 2.0 ml or dicofol 5.0 ml/litre of water

Post flowering
BPH/WBPH:
 The insecticides as recommended at boot stage should be used.
Cutworm:
 Irrigate the field and spray in the evening hours with any of the following combinations, dichlorvos
@ 1.0 ml + endosulfan @ 2.0 ml (or) dichlorovos 1.0 ml + chlorpyriphos 2.5 ml/litre of water.

DISEASES:
Disease Time of application Fungicide Dose No. of applications
& time interval
Sheath blight At the initiation of Hexaconazole 5EC @ 2ml/l 2 sprays at 15‐day
the disease. Validamycin 3L @2ml/l interval
Normally around 45 Propiconazole25 EC @ 1ml/l
days after
transplanting in
kharif and 30 days
after transplanting
in rabi
Blast At the initiation of Tricyclazole 75 WP/ @ 0.6g/ml
a) Leaf blast the disease under Isoprothiolane 40 EC @1.5 ml/l 2 to 3 sprays
favourable weather depending on the
conditions severity & spread of
the disease at 15
days interval
b) Neck blast i) Under disease Tricyclazole 75 WP/ @ 0.6g/ml One spray
favourable weather Isoprothiolane 40 EC @1.5 ml/l
conditions just
before panicle
emergence stage
ii) On Tricyclazole 75WP/ @ 0.6g/ml One spray
appearance Isoprothiolane 40 @1.5 ml/l
of the EC
disease
 BLB Management is
mainly through
rationalization of
nitrogenous
fertilizer application
Stem rot At the appearance Validamycin 3L / @ 2ml/l 2 to 4 sprays at 10‐
of the disease Hexaconazole 5EC / @1ml 15 days interval
(Normally from Propiconazole 25 EC / @2ml/l depending how
maximum tillering Carbendazim 50 WP/ @ 1g/l much early the
to crop maturity Benomyl 50 WP @1 g/l disease has been
stage) noticed
Red stripe At the appearance Carbendazim 50 WP @ 1g/l One spray
of the disease from
advanced boot leaf
to crop maturity
stage
Sheath rot At the appearance Carbendazim 50WP @ 1g/l One spray
of the disease or at
panicle emergence
stage
False smut At flowering stage Propiconazole 25 EC/ 1.0ml/l
Copper oxycloride 2.0g/l One spray during
50WP/ 1.0g/l evening hours
Carbendazim 50WP

RODENT CONTROL:
For endemic areas:
 Destruction of rodent harborage and observe rat moment.
 Reducing the number and size of field bunds
 Complete the sowing and planting uniformly in one area.
 From puddling to one month after planting, setup local traps @ 20 /acre.

HARVESTING and STORAGE:

 Harvesting should be done when at least 75% of the grains are matured. If the crop is harvested
without proper maturity it leads to loss of viability of grains.
 The harvested material should be dried in the field for 2‐3 days.
 The grain should be free from inert material after threshing and winnowing.
 The winnowed grains should be sun dried until the moisture content reaches less than 13%.
 Both over drying and under drying will lead to breakage of the grain during processing.
 High moister content during storage leads to loss of viability due to increased grain respiration and
attack of storage insects and pests.

Cono‐weeding: Weeding can be done by cono‐weeder. Firsst weeding should be done on fourteen days
after transplanting and this should be continued at 7‐10 days interval afterwards. At least two or three
weedings are required. This practice of churning of soil seems to improve soil structure and increases the
aeration of the soil. Thus the incorporation of weed biomass into soil results in enrichment of CO 2 near
root zone, increases the biological activities, increases soil microbes population and activities, results in
better nutrient availability in soil and uptake by plants.

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