Automobile Cooling System

By
Suresh Bhakta Shrestha
Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Kathmandu University
Necessity
™ To remove the cylinder wall heat.

™ To prevent preignition of charge.

™ To prevent burning of the lubricants.

™ To do away with possible seizure of the piston.

Extent of Cooling

™It must be optimal

 Methods of Cooling
™ Air Cooling
™ Water Cooling
™ Liquid Cooling
Air
Air
Air
Cylinder Barrel
Air Cooled Engine

Fin

Baffle

Normal Baffle Complete Baffle Short Baffle

Advantages and Disadvantages of Air
Cooled Engines

{ Advantages { Disadvantages
™ Lightness ™ Difficulty in maintaining even

™ Operability at extreme cooling

conditions ™ Less efficient cooling

™ Easier Maintenance ™ Bulky fan

™ Early Warm up ™ More noisy

Air Duct Longitudinal

Fins
Air

Crankcase
Water Cooling
™ Thermosyphon System
Pump Circulation System
™ Pump is used for the
circulation of cooling
Filler Cap
water.
Header
Tank

Water
Radiator
Hose Pipe
{ A fan is employed to Cooling
assist the air flow. Air
Fan
Engine
Collector
Tank

Pump
Components of Water Cooling System

™ Radiator
™ Thermostat
™ Pump
™ Fan
™ Hose
™ Heater (Auxiliary)
Radiator
Functions:

™ A radiator is a type of heat exchanger.

™ to transfer heat from the hot coolant to air blown

through it.

Construction:

™ Basically it consists of two tanks, a top and a

bottom tank,

™ Finned tubes located in the core of the radiator

Components:
™ Header Tank
™ Core
™ Lower Tank
™ Overflow Pipe Tank
™ Cap
Radiator Components
 Thermostat
Functions:

™To block the coolant flow to the radiator

™To allow the coolant flow to the radiator

™To regulate the engine temperature.

Types:
™ Bellows or Aneroid type
™ Wax or Hydrostatic type
Bellows Type Thermostat
Components Valve

™ Bellows
Water

™ Valves Bellows
Wax Thermostat
Plunger

Components:
Seal

™Copper Loaded Wax Rubber

Plug

™Rubber Plunger

Copper
Loaded
Wax
 Water Pump
Functions:

™The pump circulates fluid whenever the

engine is running.

Components:

™Belt connected to the crankshaft of the

engine.

™Hoses
Fan-Functions & Components
Function:
™To drive the airflow through the radiator

Components:

™A Fan

™Drive Mechanism (Belt drive)

Arrangements:
™Mounted on the water pump shaft (rear wheel drive).
Thermostatic control,flexible fan blades, variable angles of
blades and different number of blades.

™Independently mounted fans (in front wheel drive cars),

Electrical and Thermostatic Control.
Fan-Illustrations
Fan
Fan
Motor

Main
Switch
Radiator Fan
Thermo Switch Fuse Box

Battery

Fan
 Hoses
Function: Hose Clamp
Hose Pipe
™ To carry hot and cold streams of
liquid to the radiator and the engine
channel.
™ The interconnecting hoses from
radiator to engine and from engine to
cabin heater and back again are very
special.
Construction:
™ Radiator to engine hoses - metal coil
reinforced hoses
™ The bottom hose
™ Hose clamps
Heater
Functions:

™ Act as a secondary cooling system

™ It is not an electric heater

Other Methods of Cylinder Cooling

™Liquid Cooling

™Pressure Sealed Cooling

 Coolant

Pure Water 50/50 70/30

C2H6O2/Water C2H6O2/Water

Freezing Point 0 C / 32 F -37 C / -35 F -55 C / -67 F

Boiling Point 100 C / 212 F 106 C / 223 F 113 C / 235 F
Anti Freeze Solutions
Types: Requirements

™ Conventional antifreeze
(ethylene glycol base with 1. Miscibility with water.
conventional additives)
2. Non-corrosive
™ Extended Life Antifreeze 3. High boiling point
(ethylene glycol base with
carboxyl ate additives). 4. No deposition of foreign
matters
™ Non-Toxic Antifreeze

The ethylene glycol antifreezes are

harmful or fatal if swallowed or
inhaled.