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 Einstein-II TFT
Operating Manual

Einstein-II TFT

CONTENTS
1> Introducing Einstein-II TFT ………………………..1
2> How an Ultrasonic Flaw Detector works…………….2
3> Parts and Controls of Einstein-II TFT……………….5
4> Operating detail ……………………………………….9
5> Time/Date setting, Factory Default Setting ……….. 21
6> Interface of Printer …………………………………..22
7> Power Supply ………………………………………...23
8> Precaution ……………………………………………24
9> Specification of Einstein-II TFT …………………….25

Einstein-II TFT
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1 Introducing Einstein-II TFT
Einstein-II TFT is a portable, compact, light in weight and user friendly Digital Ultrasonic Flaw
Detector. Einstein-II TFT has COLOR LCD display, its provides wide viewing angle and allows
fast scanning speed. Fully charged battery gives continuous working of eight hours and charging
time is just 5 to 6 hours. Trace pattern can be directly printed out on conventional PC printer
having serial port for interface or can be transferred to PC via RS232 Serial port for storage of
data.

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Einstein-II TFT
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2 How an Ultrasonic Flaw detector Works
Einstein-II TFT is a single channel Ultrasonic testing instrument used for the inspection of
homogeneous material for the presence of inclusions, porosity and other discontinuities that
could affect the performance of material and components. It can also be used for thickness
gauging of homogeneous material, requiring access from only one side of the test piece. High
frequency sound (Ultrasonic sound) waves are introduced into the test material/part from a
transducer/probe that is usually coupled to the test piece by water or other suitable coupling
liquid. The transducer converts electric signals to Ultrasound and vice versa. A short burst of
Ultrasound is introduced into test material so some or all of the energy is reflected by
discontinuities. The reflection of the ultrasound
energy is a function of the ratio between the
acoustic impedance of the discontinuity and the
base material. The greater the impedance ratio
the more sound energy will be reflected. The
principal of Ultrasonic testing is shown in figure1.
It shows the ultrasonic energy generated in the
test piece and resultant instrument display.
Thickness gauging with Einstein-II TFT
operates on the principal of the time-of-flight

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measurement. This principal utilizes the precise timing of the transit time of a short burst of
ultrasound energy, through a material under test. The ultrasound waves travel to the far side
of the test piece and reflect back to the transducer/probe and a measurement is obtained.

Basically three type of transducer/probe is available for different types of applications:

1> Straight beam Probe (Normal probe)
2> TR probe (Dual crystal probe)
3>Angle beam Probe

1> Straight beam Probe: This probe introduces ultrasound normal to the test piece
surface utilizing longitudinal or compression waves. Normal beam probe is used mostly for
flaw detection and thickness gauging (refer figure 1.)

2> TR probe: This probe contains separate transmitting

and receiving elements as showing in figure 2
usually mounted on delay lines. This design
improves near surface resolution by separating
the initial pulse from the received echoes. TR
probe is suitable for the thickness gauging of pitting
and corrosion and also for better surface resolution.

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3 Parts and Controls of Einstein-II TFT
16 17 18 19
14
15

13

12
3

11

2 10

9
1

5 6 7 8 20

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3> Angle Beam Probe: This probe introduces ultrasound at angle to the surface of
the test piece. In most angle beam probe, the
wave energy is mode converted from a
longitudinal wave to a shear wave by the
refraction principal. This probe is suitable
for inspection of the welds. The reason
for this is its ability to position the
transducer/probe away from the weld bead
yet propagate energy into the weld zone.
Another reason to use angle beam testing on
the welds is to position the sound beam more
normal to the expected discontinuities since
the flaw in welds are usually perpendicular to
the test piece (except porosity). Figure 3 shows the principal of angled beam weld testing.

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1. POWER key : Einstein-II TFT can be switched ON and OFF using this key.

2. ZOOM key : By pressing this key A-Scan spreads over to full screen. Menu
parameters disappear from LCD and only A-Scan is displayed. By
pressing any other key, A-Scan is restored to normal size and
menu parameters are displayed.

3. FREEZE key : By pressing this key A-Scan can freeze and defreeze. It is possible to
freeze the desired A-Scan and then Print it.

4. LOCK key : By pressing this key all function (keys) gets locked which prevents
accidental pressing of any key. To unlock, simultaneously press
Step key (9) and LOCK key (4).

5. LCD Screen : It displays A-Scan Trace pattern and Menu Parameters.

6. Battery Status : When all the three parts empty, then the battery needs to be
Indicator recharged.

7. Gain Step : This location displays Gain Step value. This value can be changed
by pressing “dB STEP”(10) key. It follows 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 20
dB Step sequence.

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8. Menu keys : By pressing these keys the Menu can be changed.

9. Hot key : When this key is pressed simultaneously with any other parameter
key then the change in value takes place in larger steps.

10. dB STEP key : Any Gain step out of 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12 or 20 dB can be selected
using this key.

11. GAIN UP/DN : Gain can be incremented/decremented using these keys in the step
selected by dB STEP key.

12. UP/DN key : Respective parameters can be incremented or decremented using

these keys.

13. REJ LED : Rejection function activation is indicated by this LED. When
Rejection value is zero then LED is OFF. When rejection value is
not zero then LED illuminates.

14. MON LED : It is visual indication of MONITOR getting triggered.

15. Parameter : All function (parameter) values are displayed in this area of LCD.
Values

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4 Operation detail
Einstein-II TFT is user friendly, menu driven Ultrasonic Flaw Detector. To access any
parameter, various menus are available. Details of all menus and parameters are as per
below.

First menu is Basic menu. In this menu, Basic functions of an Ultrasonic Flaw Detector
(UFD) like Range, Fine Range, Delay and Gain function are covered.
ZERO : It is to calibrate Artificial zero of the probe.

RANGE : The required test range can be set directly in terms of mm.
The range available for steel is from 10 mm to 5 meter
in steps of 1 mm or 10 mm.

VELOCITY : The required velocity can be set directly in terms of m/s.

The Velocity adjustments range is 1000 m/s to 9000 m/s.

DELAY : Partial Range can be set using these keys. Exact shift/delay
in mm is displayed at the bottom.

GAIN STEP: Gain step value can be set by pressing GAIN STEP key, it follows dB in step
of 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12 or 20 dB.
GAIN : Gain can be increased/decreased as per value of step by pressing GAIN
UP/DN keys. For setting of REF (Reference) gain refer DAC Setting.

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16. RX Connector : A probe is connected to the Receiver of Einstein-II TFT

through this connector.

17. TX Connector : A probe is connected to the Transmitter of Einstein-II TFT

through this connector.

18. Charge Connector: Connect the charger here.

19.RS-232 Connector: Serial interface connector. For print-out on Serial PC

printer/Computer connect suitable cable on this connector.

20. Battery : Battery is fitted in this compartment.

Compartment

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Example: Einstein-II TFT is to be calibrated for 100 mm Test Range using Single
crystal (Normal) probe.

> Set required range to 100mm using RANGE UP/DN keys.

> Couple the probe on 25mm thickness of V1 reference block and set first echo at 25mm
using ZERO UP/DN keys.

> Set 4th echo at 100 mm using VELOCITY UP/DN keys, if required.

> Repeat above two steps until both the echoes are at their respective positions.

> Amplitudes of the echoes can be varied using GAIN keys.

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Second Menu covers MONITOR GATE 1
GATE 1 : Gate can be change to PLOGIC, NLOGIC, DAC, DAC-6,
DAC-14, trigger, EXPAND or OFF.
PLOGIC : When PLOGIC is selected, the MONITOR is triggered
if an echo is present within the gate and its height crosses
the set Threshold Level.
NLOGIC : When NLOGIC is selected, the MONITOR is triggered
if there is no echo within the gate or the height is lower
than the Threshold Level.
DAC : If DAC is made ON and DAC is selected then if any
any echo signal cross DAC then monitor gates trigger.
DAC-6 : If DAC is made ON 6/14 and DAC-6 is selected then if any
echo signal cross DAC-6 dB curve then monitor gates trigger.
DAC-14 : If DAC is made ON 6/14 and DAC-14 is selected then if echo
signal cross DAC-14 dB curve then monitor gates trigger.
EXPAND: When EXPAND is selected then the Scale expansion is
activated and the GATE width is expanded to Full-screen
width for a magnified view.
START : Gate starting position can be set using START UP/DN keys. Using these keys
Gate start can be directly set in terms of mm.
END : Gate End position can be set using END UP/DN keys. Using these keys Gate end
can be directly set in terms of mm.
LEVEL : Gate Threshold Level can be directly set in terms of the percentage of the Full
Scale Height (FSH).
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Third Menu covers MONITOR GATE 2 functions.

GATE 2 : Gate can be changed to PLOGIC, NLOGIC, or OFF.

PLOGIC : When PLOGIC is selected, the MONITOR is

triggered if an echo is present within the gate and its
height crosses the set Threshold Level.

NLOGIC: When NLOGIC is selected, the MONITOR is

triggered if there is no echo within the gate or the
height is lower than the Threshold Level.

START : Gate starting position can be set using START

UP/DN keys. Using these keys, Gate start can be
directly set in terms of mm.

END : Gate End position can be set using END UP/DN keys.
Using these keys, Gate end can be directly set in
terms of mm.

LEVEL : Gate Threshold Level can be directly set in terms of the percentage of
the Full Scale Height (FSH).

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Example: The MONITOR to be triggered when any echo crosses the 50% FSH
between 35mm and 80mm.

> In the Gate setting, select PLOGIC using GATE UP/DN keys.

> Set Gate START to 35mm using START UP/DN keys.

> Set Gate END to 80mm using END UP/DN keys.

> Set Gate LEVEL to 50% using LEVEL UP/DN keys.

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Forth Menu covers Memory storage/recall and Trace printout functions.

MEMORY : Memory function can be selected A SCAN or SET-UP

using MEMORY UP/DN keys.

MEM NO : Desired memory location can be selected using MEM NO

UP/DN keys. When changing Memory no. If Data is stored
A and valid then asterisk (“*”) will be displayed next to
“MEM NO”.

ACTION : Required functions like SAVE, RECALL, SEND, PRINT or

DELETE can be selected using ACTION UP/DN keys.

ENTER : Using any of the ENTER UP/DN keys, the ACTION selected
is performed.
Example: To SAVE current Calibration set-up in Memory no 3.
> Select SET-UP using Memory UP/DN keys.
> Set MEM NO to 3 using MEM NO UP/DN keys.
> Set ACTION to SAVE using ACTION UP/DN keys.
> Then press ENTER UP/DN key to store the current calibration set-up at memory no. 3.

Note: If data is already stored at this location, then the message will be displayed on LCD
screen as “OVER WRITE DATA” “YES - PRESS HOT KEY”,
“NO – PRESS ANY KEY”. So press HOT KEY to overwrite data.
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Fifth Menu covers Rejection of unwanted signal, Set Reference, Video setting and
Testing mode selection function.

REJECT : For the rejection of unwanted signals. Using REJECT

UP/DN keys Rejection level can be set as per requirement.
It can be set directly in terms of percentage of FSH.
Activation of this function is indicated by REJ LED(13).

SET REF : To set any A-scan pattern as a reference, achieve reference

pattern, then set SET REF ON, so reference pattern sets in
background for easy comparison. A-scan Pattern From
Memory location can be recalled and set as a reference.

VIDEO : Echo signals can be selected to appear as line (ENVELOPE)

or solid (FILLED) using VIDEO UP/DN keys. In ENVELOP
mode, echo signals appear same as in Analog Ultrasonic Flaw
Detector. In FILLED mode, echo signals looks solid for better
visibility.

MODE : Test Mode for the use of Single or Dual Crystal probes can be
selected using MODE UP/DN keys.

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Seventh menu covers the required functions for DAC curve.

DAC : DAC setting can be switched to DRAW, ON ,ON 6/14 or

OFF using DAC UP/DN keys.
DRAW mode, peak points of echo signals are selected.
REF Gain When DAC DRAW is selected and if gain is
changed then that gain value it is stored as a Reference gain.
ON mode, the selected peak points are digitally connected
to form a DAC curve.
ON 6/14 mode, -6dB DAC and –14dB DAC will be also
displayed.
OFF mode, DAC curve will be not displayed on LCD.
STRT G1 : Start of the GATE 1 can be set using STRT G1 UP/DN
keys. To select any peak of the echo signal, move the
gate on the echo signal and then press ENTER UP/DN key.
POINT value is automatically incremented to indicate
next point.(If GATE 1 is OFF then turn to PLOGIC).

POINT : It indicates how many points are selected to draw DAC curve.

PRESS : Press ENTER UP/DN keys to accept the peak points selected
by the GATE 1.

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Sixth Menu covers miscellaneous functions, which are described as below.

CLOCK : Clock can be switched ON or OFF using CLOCK

UP/DN keys. If CLOCK is set to ON then date and
time will be displayed at bottom of A-Scan.

COLOR : LCD Color combination can be selected using COLOR

UP/DN keys.

HORN : Horn can be switched ON or OFF using HORN UP/DN

keys. When HORN is switched ON, then it gives out an
audible alarm each time MONITOR is triggered.

BRIGHT : Brightness of LCD can be adjusted for better visibility

using BRIGHT UP/DN keys. Set Low brightness indoor
application for the longer battery life.

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Example: To digitally draw DAC curve to join four peaks of the echo signals using
25mm thick reference block and range of 100mm.

> Set Gain so that all four peaks are visible on the LCD screen above 5% FSH.
> Set DAC to DRAW using DAC UP/DN keys.
> Move cursor using STRT G1 UP/DN keys to cover the first echo. If GATE 1 is
OFF then switch to PLOGIC.
> Press ENTER UP/DN key to accept it and Point No. is incremented automatically.
> Repeat above two steps for second, third and forth echo.
> Set DAC to ON using DAC UP/DN key. Now DAC Curve will be displayed on
LCD.

Note: Cursor need not touch the echo for selection and acceptance of the peak point.

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Eighth menu covers the required functions for Thickness/Distance measurements.
MEASURE : MEASURE setting can be switched to ON or OFF using
MEASURE UP/DN keys. In ON mode it will display
thickness/distance of echo signal which is in-side the gate.
In OFF mode it will not display thickness/distance.
X-OFF : Set X-OFF value to same as Angle probe index point to Front
f face distance so Surface Distance will be displayed on LCD
will be distance from angle probe front face to defect position.
ANGLE : Value to be set as per Angle of the probe. If angle value not
zero and Measure is set to ON then appropriate Surface and
Depth of defect is calculated and display on LCD.
THICK : Thickness value should be set as per the thickness of the test
piece, so as to enable in calculation of depth/distance
accounting for multiple skips.
Example: To measure Beam path, Surface and Depth distance when 45 deg. probe is used.
> Go to GATE 1 menu and make Gate to PLOGIC/NLOGIC.
> Set Gate START and Gate END value in such a way so defect signal within the GATE.
> Set Gain or Threshold so height of the echo/defect beyond the GATE.
> Go to measure menu and set MEASURE to “ON”.
> Set angle value to 45 DEG. using angle UP/DN keys.
> Set appropriate THICK value so it can account multiple skips for DEPTH distance
calculation.

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5 Setting of time Keep key 1 press and switch ON Einstein-II TFT. After display of
menu Parameter, release key 1 and again press key 1
1 so Time setting menu will be displayed. Now set
required Time/Data by pressing UP/DN parameter
key. Then press key 2 for to store/set current time to
value set as per display. Press key 3 to exit without
store/set current time.

Factory Default Calibration set-up

In Einstein-II TFT last calibration set-up remain store
So when further Einstein-II TFT Starts it will start with
last setting, But due to some reason if stored calibration
is corrupted then it will starts with factory default
calibration set-up. If any user want to recall factory
default calibration set-up then press key 4, keep it press
and Switch on Einstein-II TFT. After displaying menu
parameter release key 4.
3

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Ninth menu covers the required functions for HUD and Key Beep Setting

HUD : Head up Display is selected to ON then Thickness/Distance

will be displayed in big font at the top right of A-Scan area.
BEEP : Key press will be acknowledge by sound if BEEP is selected to
ON. Otherwise it will not give beep sound when it set to OFF.

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6 Interface of Printer
Einstein-II TFT has direct printout facility of A-Scan pattern with full calibration set-up
values. It can be printed out on conventional PC printer having a Serial Communication
connector. So computer or special printer is not required. Printer should be IBM-PC
compatible with serial port. Serial port setting is as below. Serial printer EPSON FX/LQ type
recommended. (To set below setting in serial printer refer operating manual supplied with
the printer).
Baud Rate 9600 Parity bit None
Data Bits 8 Stop Bits 1
To print out trace pattern, follow the below given steps.
¾ Connect Serial cable (supplied with Einstein-II TFT) between connector (19) of
¾ Einstein-II TFT and serial printer.
> Switch ON Serial PC printer.
> Switch ON Einstein-II TFT.
> Get the required Trace pattern and freeze using Freeze key (3).
> Using Menu key go to memory menu (4).
> Using ACTION UP/DN key select “PRINT”.
> Press ENTER UP/DN key to initiate printing.

For Interface with PC Using Serial port Refer Help.txt file supplied in Software CD.

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7 Power Supply
Einstein-II TFT is powered by a Lithium-Ion battery pack ATB-1, which is fitted in Einstein-
II TFT using two screws. It electrically connects to Einstein-II TFT via two internal terminal
contact points. With fully charged battery pack ATB-1, Einstein-II TFT can operate
continuously for eight hours, under typical operating conditions. The battery pack ATB-1 can
be charged when inside Einstein-II TFT by connecting Battery charger ATC-1 to the
connector (18). Alternatively, the battery pack ATB-1 can be charged outside Einstein-II
TFT which allows uninterrupted use of Einstein-II TFT using multiple battery packs.

Battery Charging

The battery Charger ATC-1 supplied with Einstein-II TFT is a special quick- charge charger.
The charging time is just 5 to 6 hours. ATC-1 battery charger is suitable for use with mains
supply from 100 to 240 volts AC/50 Hz. The LED on charger illuminates to indicate power
on. When the battery voltage is low (discharge condition) the LED glows RED. When the
battery is almost charged the LED turns to yellow. When the battery is full charged the LED
glows green. The output voltage from the charger is 16.4 Volts DC. The charging current is
constant at 2.0 Amps.

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9 Specification of Einstein-II TFT
Test Range : 10 mm to 5 meter (in steel).In Hot Key mode it has 13 preset values.
Fine mode adjustable in step of 1mm.
Velocity : 1000 m/s to 9999 m/s . In Hot Key mode it has 7 preset values.
Fine Mode adjustable in step of 1 met/sec.
Delay : Up to 3 meter adjustable in 0.5mm or 5mm Step.
Gain : 100dB calibrated gain adjustable in 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12 or 20 dB step.
Rejection : 0 to100%FSH with LED indicator.
Rectification : Full-wave rectified with filtering.
Frequency : 0.5 MHz. to 10MHz. (Broad Band).
Test Modes : Pulse echo and transmit/receive.
Connectors : BNC and LEMO (Size 1) both are provided.
Monitor : Dual gate adjustable in 1% of Screen width with Positive/Negative
Logic, Gate Expand modes.
Gate Expand : Expands Range to width of the gate.
A-Scan memory : 200 Trace Patterns can be stored, recalled, print or transferred to PC
via RS-232 serial port.
Calibration Set-up : 50 different calibration set-ups can be Stored and Recalled.
Software : EinSoft TFT Interface software for transferring A-Scan from
Einstein-II TFT to PC is supplied.
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8 Precaution
> Avoid shock to the Einstein-II TFT and probes.

> Wipe the couplant off the probe and Einstein-II TFT after use.

> When battery pack is out-of Einstein-II TFT, keep battery contacts away from metal object

> Never heat the battery pack ATB-1 nor throw into a fire.

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Printer Attachment : Any PC Printer with serial port can be attached for instant print-out
of Trace Pattern (A-Scan with Set-up data).
Display : 122 x 92 mm (320 x 240 pixel) COLOR LCD/TFT display for better
visibility with option of eleven different color sets.
Full Screen : By pressing Zoom key A-Scan can be displayed in Full Screen area.
Reference A-Scan : Reference A-Scan pattern of standard test object can saved
and recalled in the background for easy comparision during testing.
DAC : DAC curve can be Digitally plotted on screen with –6dB and –14dB
DAC curves. DAC curve can be set as flaw monitor gate.
Digital Readout : Thickness/Depth can be displayed in digital readout when using a
And Trig. Function normal probe and Sound path, Surface Distance and Depth are directly
displayed when angle probe is in use.
Update Rate : 50 Hz.
Power : Lithium-Ion Battery pack 14.4 VDC, 4AH, gives 8 hours continuous
operation from fully charged battery.
Charger : Input voltage 100 to 240 VAC. Charge status indicators provided.
Temperature : 0 to 55º C.
Size : 152 x 255 x 70 mm (H x W x D).
Weight : 2.3 kgs. with Battery. (Approx.).

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All possible care has been taken in the preparation of this operation manual. If you find
any errors or would like to make suggestions for improvement to this operation manual,
then please write to:

MODSONIC INSTRUMENTS MFG. CO. (P) LTD.

Plot No.33, Phase III, GIDC Industrial Estate, Naroda, Ahmedabad – 382 330 INDIA.
Tel.:- +91 (079) 2281 1217, 2281 3131, 2284 1294 Fax.:- +91 (079) 2282 0012.
E-mail: modsonic@modsonic.com Web site: www.modsonic.com

MODSONIC reserves the rights to make changes without notice.

OP18(0)

Einstein-II TFT