NGASI CONSULTING ENGINEE

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NCCK JUMUIA CONFERENCE CENTRE, L
FITNESS CENTRE
HELICAL STAIRCASE
REF CALCULATION

REINFORCED Materials
CONCRETE Concrete fcu = 20 N/mm2
DESIGNER'S Reinforcement fy = 500 N/mm2
HANDBOOK ( C. E fyv = 250 N/mm2
REYNOLDS &
J. C. STEEDMAN) Cross section
Depth of section h =
Width of stair b =

Cover =
Diameter of main reinforcement =

Internal radius, Ri = 500 mm

External radius, Ro = 1753 mm

Load Calculation
Dead Load
Concrete slab, gslab = h/1000*24
Steps, gsteps = 170 mm /1000 * 24

g = gslab + gsteps
Live Load
q= 4 kN/m2

Ultimate Load Case = 1.4 g + 1.6 q

For helical stair case of 1.200 m width

 W= m. w

Design Moment, shear and torsion

Total angle subtended by helix in plan, β

Slope of tangent to helix centerline φ
measured from horizontal

Radius of centerline of loading, R1 = 2( Ro3-Ri3)

3( Ro2-Ri2)

Radius of Centerline of steps, R2 = 0.5* ( Ro+Ri )

b = 8.00 R1 = 1.10
h R2

Chart table Parameters

176
k1 = -0.01 k2 = 0.70

Redundant moment acting tangentially at midspan

Mo = k1.W.R22

Horizontal redundant force at midspan

H = k2.W.R2

Vertical moment at supports

Mvs = k3.W.R22

At support θ= 0.5*β
 NGASI CONSULTING ENGINEE
P. O BOX 2680 NAIROBI - 00202 TEL: 3860246, 2016972 FA
NCCK JUMUIA CONFERENCE CENTRE, L
FITNESS CENTRE
HELICAL STAIRCASE
REF CALCULATION

Lateral moment
Mn = Mo.Sin(θ).Sin(φ) - H.R2.θ.Tan(φ).Cos(θ).Sin(φ) -
H.R2.Sin(θ)Cos(φ) + W.R1.Sin(φ).(R1Sin(θ)-R2.θ)

Torsional moment
T = (Mo.Sin(θ)- H.R2.Cos(θ).Tan(φ) + W.R12Sin(θ) - W.R1.R2.θ).Cos(φ) +
H.R2.Sin(θ)Sin(φ)

Vertical moment
My = Mo.Cos(θ) + (H.R2.θ.Tan(φ).Sin(θ)) - W.R12.(1-Cos(θ))

Thrust
N = -H.Sin(θ).Cos(φ) - W.R1.θ.Sin(φ)

Lateral shearing force across stair

Vn = W.R1.θ.Cos(φ) - H.Sin(θ).Sin(φ)

Radial horizontal shearing force

Vh = H.Cos(θ)

Design of edge tension reinforcement

Design moment = Lateral Moment, Mn =

�= 𝑀/(𝑓_𝑐𝑢 ℎ
〖� _1 〗 _^2 ) k =

�= �_1 [0.5+ √((0.25− �/0.9) )]

 �= �_1 [0.5+ √((0.25− �/0.9) )]

z =

�_(𝑠 )= 𝑀/
(0.95𝑓_𝑦 �) �_𝑠
Reinforcement =

�_(𝑠
Provide 3 Y12 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣) =

Design of tension reinforcement

Design moment = Vertical Moment, My =

�= 𝑀/(𝑓_𝑐𝑢
𝑏�_^2 )
k =

�= �_1 [0.5+ √((0.25− �/0.9) )]

z =

�_(𝑠 )= 𝑀/
(0.95𝑓_𝑦 �) �_𝑠
Reinforcement =

Provide 5 Y10 �_(𝑠 =

𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣)
0.13/10
Distribution reinforcement = 0 𝑏ℎ =

�_(𝑠
Provide Y8 @ 150 mm centers 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣)

Shear reinforcement

Design shear = Lateral shearing force across stair, Vn

𝑣= 𝑉_𝑛/𝑏�
Average shear stress,

𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 (5, 0.8√(𝑓_𝑐𝑢 )) 𝑣_𝑙𝑖

Limiting shear = 𝑚
𝑣_𝑐= 0.79/1.25 × [(100�_𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣)/𝑏�]^(1/3) ×
[400/�]^(1/4)

∴
𝑣_𝑐= 0.79/1.25 × [(100�_𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣)/𝑏�]^(1/3) ×
[400/�]^(1/4)

∴
No shear reinforcement required
 NGASI CONSULTING ENGINEE
P. O BOX 2680 NAIROBI - 00202 TEL: 3860246, 2016972 FA
NCCK JUMUIA CONFERENCE CENTRE, L
FITNESS CENTRE
HELICAL STAIRCASE
REF CALCULATION

Torsional resistance

Design torsion = Ttor =

Check torsion reinforcement hmin =

hmax =

𝑣_𝑡 = (2 𝑇_𝑡𝑜𝑟)/( 〖ℎ _𝑚𝑖𝑛 〗 ^2

[ℎ_𝑚𝑎𝑥 − ℎ_𝑚𝑖𝑛/3] )
Shear stress induced by torsion

Limiting torsional shear stress

Provide torsional reinforcement

Links 6 Y10
Distance to center of links t= 35
𝑥_1=𝑏−2𝑡
Link dimensions
Link spacing = 150 mm
𝑇_𝑟=0.8[�_𝑠𝑣/𝑠_𝑣 . 𝑥_1. 𝑦_1.
〖 0.95𝑓 〗 _𝑦𝑣 ]
Torsional resistance

Check for torsion combined with bending and shear stress

Total shear v = v t + vf

=𝑀𝑖𝑛(5 , 0.8√(𝑓_𝑐𝑢
Limiting shear )) = 3.58

∴
Safe for torsion combined with bending and shear stress
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
202 TEL: 3860246, 2016972 FAX: 2016973 JOB NO 12/303
MUIA CONFERENCE CENTRE, LIMURU PAGE 1
FITNESS CENTRE DATE Jun-12
HELICAL STAIRCASE MADE BY JWM
CALCULATION OUTPUT

150 mm d= 119 mm
1200 mm d1= 1169 mm

25 mm
12 mm

kN/m3 = 3.75 kN/m2

kN/m3 = 4.25 kN/m2

= 8 kN/m2

w = 17.6 kN/m2
 W = 21.12 kN/m

= 219 ° = 3.82 rads

= 35.49 ° = 0.62 rads

R1 = 1.24 m

( Ro+Ri ) R2 = 1.13 m

k3 = -0.20

Mo = -0.17 kNm

H = 16.57 kNm

Mo = -5.25 kNm

θ = 1.91 rads
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
202 TEL: 3860246, 2016972 FAX: 2016973 JOB NO 12/303
MUIA CONFERENCE CENTRE, LIMURU PAGE 2
FITNESS CENTRE DATE Jun-12
HELICAL STAIRCASE MADE BY JWM
CALCULATION OUTPUT

Mn = -24.44 kNm

R12Sin(θ) - W.R1.R2.θ).Cos(φ) +
T = -11.18 kNm

My = -17.77 kNm

N = -41.84 kN

Vn = 31.77 kN

Vh = -5.53 kN

-24.44 kNm

0.01

�_1
 �_1
0.95

46 mm2

339 mm2 �_(𝑠 = 0.19 %

𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜
)

-17.77 kNm

0.05

0.94 �_1

335 mm2

393 mm2 �_(𝑠 = 0.22 %

𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜
)

234 mm2

�_(𝑠
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣) = 335 mm2

= 31.77 kN

= 0.22 N/mm2

= 5.00 N/mm2

= 0.53 N/mm2 v < vc

CONSULTING ENGINEERS
202 TEL: 3860246, 2016972 FAX: 2016973 JOB NO 12/303
MUIA CONFERENCE CENTRE, LIMURU PAGE 3
FITNESS CENTRE DATE Jun-12
HELICAL STAIRCASE MADE BY JWM
CALCULATION OUTPUT

-11.18 kNm

150 mm
1200 mm
𝑇_𝑡𝑜𝑟)/( 〖ℎ _𝑚𝑖𝑛 〗 ^2
− ℎ_𝑚𝑖𝑛/3] ) 𝑣 = 0.86 N/mm2
_
𝑡

𝑣_(𝑡
𝑚𝑖𝑛) = 0.40 N/mm2 vt > vtmin

mm Asv = 471 mm2

mm
𝑦_1=ℎ−2𝑡
x1 = 1130 mm
y1 = 80 mm

𝑇_𝑟 =
54 kNm

v= 1.09 N/mm2

3.58 N/mm2

ned with bending and shear stress