3412 Generator Set Engine 2WJ00001-UP(SEBP2268 - 41) - Documentation Page 1 of 6

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Product: GEN SET ENGINE

Model: 3412 GEN SET ENGINE 2WJ
Configuration: 3412 Generator Set Engine 2WJ00001-UP

Operation and Maintenance Manual

3412 EPG GENERATOR SET DIESEL ENGINE
Media Number -SEBU6767-01 Publication Date -01/12/1999 Date Updated -24/06/2002

Lubricant Specifications
SMCS - 1900-524

Lubricant Information

Certain abbreviations follow Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J754 nomenclature and some
classifications follow SAE J183 abbreviations. The MIL specifications are U.S.A. Military
Specifications. The CCMC refers to an organization of major European manufacturers engine oil
performance specifications. The definitions other than Caterpillar's will be of assistance in purchasing
lubricants. Recommended oil viscosities can be found in the Lubricant Viscosities chart.

Grease is classified by the National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) based on ASTM D217-68
Worked Penetration characteristics which are given a defined consistency number.

Engine oil performs several basic functions in order to provide adequate lubrication. It keeps the
engine clean and free from rust and corrosion, acts as a coolant, and reduces friction and wear by
minimizing metal-to-metal contact.

Engine Lubricant Specification

Maximum engine life and performance can be expected when the proper engine oil is used. There are
significant variations in the quality and performance of the oils commercially available. Caterpillar
Oils are formulated to provide maximum performance and life in your Caterpillar engine. They are
offered in multi-viscosity grades to meet the performance and ambient temperature requirements for
heavy duty diesel engines.

The performance characteristics of the oil depends on the base oil and the additives. The additives in
the oil will vary according to the properties of the base oil and the environment in which the oil will
perform its function.

Caterpillar Oil

To achieve the maximum engine life and superior performance in your diesel engine, Caterpillar
recommends Caterpillar Diesel Engine Oil-DEO (API CF-4). Oils meeting the American Petroleum

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Institute (API CF-4) performance category possess the properties to operate effectively at the higher
piston temperatures. As new Caterpillar engine designs are introduced to meet U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) 1990's emission requirements, the requirement is API CF-4 performance
oils for these engines.

Cat Oils have been developed, tested and approved by Caterpillar to provide the performance and life
which has been designed and built into our engines. Cat Oils are currently being used for engine lab
development and are offered by Caterpillar dealers for continued use. Consult your Caterpillar dealer
for more information on these Cat Oils.

The DEO (CF-4) oil is blended in viscosity grades of SAE 10W30 and 15W40. Multi-grade oils
significantly lower oil consumption compared to single grades. Oil consumption and piston crown
land deposits are very important in the engine tests used to evaluate oil performance.

Commercial Oils

If oils other than Caterpillar oils are to be used, the following oil specifications provide guidelines for
the selection of commercial products.

* API specifications CF-4, CF-4/SF, or CF-4/SG

If API CF-4 oils are NOT available, then use API CE, CE/SF, CE/SG, CCMC D4 or MIL-L-2104E
may be used with shortened oil change intervals as determined by close monitoring of oil condition
with Scheduled Oil Sampling (S·O·S) and infrared analysis.

NOTICE

Failure to follow the commercial oil recommendation for API CF-4

performance oils can cause shortened engine life due to piston carbon
deposits, liner bore polish and/or abnormally higher increasing oil
consumption.

API CC and CD oils are unacceptable in this Caterpillar diesel engine.

Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations

The proper SAE grade of oil to select is determined by the minimum outside temperature at which the
engine will be started and the maximum outside temperature in which the engine will be operating.
This recommendation is to ensure the correct viscosity is used until the next oil change.

The recommendation would be to use the highest viscosity oil possible. Even though the ambient
temperature may be low, operating engines can still be subjected to normal oil temperatures because
of regulated temperature components. The higher viscosity oils will provide better protection to all
components which it contacts during the full operating cycle.

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The use of API CF-4 multi-viscosity oils is recommended because of full protection through a wider
temperature range. See chart for recommended viscosity and temperature range.

To determine if the oil in the crankcase will flow in cold weather, remove the oil dipstick before
starting. If the oil will flow off, the oil is fluid enough to circulate properly.

Air Starting Motor Oiler

A lubricator should be used with the starting system.

* Use 10 weight non-detergent engine oil above 0°C (32°F) or

* diesel fuel or kerosene at temperatures below 0°C (32°F).

Lubricant Total Base Number (TBN)

New engine oil must have a TBN of 10 times (for direct injection engines) the percent fuel sulfur as
measured by ASTM (American Society if Testing Materials) D2896 method. Refer to the Fuel
Specifications in this manual for additional information.

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Additional Notes

The percentage of sulfur in the fuel will affect the engine oil recommendations. For fuel sulfur effects,
the Infrared Analysis or the ASTM D2896 procedure can be used to evaluate the residual
neutralization properties of an engine oil. The sulfur products formation depends on the fuel sulfur
content, oil formulation, crankcase blowby, engine operating conditions and ambient temperature.

The fuel sulfur neutralization of today's new oil formulations along with direct injection (DI) system
engines are more effective. Field results indicate that direct injection combustion (DI) systems and the
oils now recommended for these engines will operate at an oil TBN equal to 10 times the fuel sulfur.
Therefore, the Caterpillar requirements reflect this value of 10 times instead of the previous 20 times
for oil TBN when related to fuel sulfur for Cat DI engines and API CF-4 oils. Used oil analysis should
be a part of the overall program to provide the assurance that a particular engine installation with all
its parameters (engine, oil, operation, maintenance and fuel) are under control. Consult with your
Caterpillar dealer for the latest lubrication recommendations.

Synthetic Base Stock Oils (SPC)

The performance characteristics of the oil depends on the base oil and the additives. The additives in
the oil will vary according to the properties of the base oil and the environment in which the oil will
perform its function.

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Synthetic base stock oils are acceptable for use in Caterpillar engines if these oils meet the
performance requirements specified for a particular compartment. The performance requirements for
engines using synthetic oils is API CF-4 with API CE as an alternative.

The use of a synthetic base stock oil does NOT allow extension of the oil drain period simply because
of the use of synthetic oil. Any drain period extension must be validated by S·O·S (oil analysis and
test evaluation) to ensure no excessive component wear occurs in a particular application.

The synthetic oils have naturally low pour points which make them very good oils for low
temperature applications. Caterpillar's recommendation for these arctic applications is synthetic base
stock oils where startability at the cold conditions are a requirement.

Oils are changed because they become contaminated with dirt, soot, wear particles, etc. in their
normal use. The additives in the oil formulation are depleted as the oil functions in a compartment.
The oil contamination and additive depletion occurs independently of the oil base stock type.

Synthetic lubricants may be superior to petroleum oils in specific areas. Many exhibit higher viscosity
index (VI), better thermal and oxidation stability and sometimes lower volatility. Because synthetic
lubricants are higher in cost than petroleum oils, they are used selectively where performance may
exceed capabilities of conventional oils.

Re-refined Base Stock Oils

The Caterpillar requirement for oils is that any oil formulation meet the performance requirements as
defined by the API classification and have the proper viscosity as defined by the SAE J300
Specification. The base stock oil used in the formulation can be either virgin or re-refined (or a
combination) as long as the final oil formulation meets the requirements of both performance and
viscosity.

The combination of the base stock oil and the additive must perform to the defined specifications. If
the oil meets these requirements, then its' performance in an engine (or other compartment) should be
acceptable. The military specifications and other engine manufacturers have also accepted the use of
re-refined oil base stock with the same criteria.

Therefore, the use of oils with re-refined base stocks will depend on the company who has supplied
the oil. Have they subjected the oil formulation to the qualifying tests, and passed the tests, as
required to label the oils for the API performance and viscosity grade?

Various methods may be available for processing of the used oil. Caterpillar would normally
recognize a re-refining process as one which subjects the used oil to the same refinery process (such
as vacuum distillation and hydro-treating) as the virgin base stock was obtained from the original
crude oil. The base stock obtained by this method should provide an acceptable base stock from
which to formulate a proper oil. But the oil formulated must still pass the required performance and
viscosity tests for the compartment and intended use.

Always consult with your Caterpillar dealer for the latest lubrication recommendations.

Caterpillar Lubricating Grease

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Grease is classified by the National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI) based on ASTM D217-68
Worked Penetration characteristics which are given a defined consistency number. Caterpillar has
greases for all applications.

* Multipurpose Molybdenum Grease (MPGM)

Use MPGM for heavily loaded bearings and joints where an extreme pressure grease will
maximize the life of Caterpillar equipment. This NLGI No.2 grade is suitable for temperatures
from -15 to +180°C (-5 to +356°F). The part number for the 14.5 oz. cartridge is 5P0960. If
MPGM is not available, use a multipurpose type grease which contains 3 to 5% molybdenum.

* Multipurpose Lithium Grease (MPGL) (non-extreme pressure)

This NLGI No.2 grade is recommended for light duty automotive type applications where a
high temperature [up to 175°C (350°F)] is required. This grease offers excellent mechanical
stability, high resistance to oxidation, good rust protection and excellent breakaway torque. The
14.5 oz. cartridge is available as part number 1P0808. If this grease is not available, use a
similar multipurpose grease.

* Special Purpose Grease (SPG)

This grease is recommended for high temperature anti-friction bearings in such applications as
electric motors, alternators, fan drives, starting motors and generators. The grease conforms to MIL-
M-7866 and contains a suitable corrosion inhibitor and is a NLGI No.2 grade. The 14.5 oz. cartridge
has the part number 2S3230.

This NLGI No.2 grade is suitable for temperatures from [-29 to +177°C (-20 to +351°F)]. Use NLGI
No.1 or No.0 grade for extremely low temperature. If this grease is not available, use a similar
multipurpose grease suitable for anti-friction bearings.

Anti-Seize Compound (ASC)

* Use 6V4876 Molykote paste lubricant or equivalent.

Typical use: head bolt threads and washers.

* Use 5P3931 Anti-Seize Compound or equivalent.

Typical use: exhaust manifold studs and nuts.

Copyright 1993 - 2019 Caterpillar Inc. Wed Mar 27 19:17:35 UTC+0200 2019
All Rights Reserved.
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