NISCO Steel Specification

MIYANEH
MME ELCO STEEL

MMTE COMPLEX
Steel Making Plant Project
ASCOTEC MMAH
DOCUMENT TITLE :Document No .Rev
:Designer Document NO DATE: NOV. 2009
NISCO MISP13011ETS012 2-2
ECHNICAL SPECIFICATION for
SWITCHYARD STRUCTURES :Project Document NO MWES1U43E000120012 Page: 1 of 15
DOCUMENT TYPE : Spec.

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DOCUMENT TITLE :
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION for

SWITCHYARD STRUCTURES
2 NOV. 09 A.Alizadeh M.Khosravian A.Hemmatian Issued For Approval
01 JUL. 09 A.Alizadeh M.Khosravian A.Hemmatian Issued For Review

Prepared Checked Approved
Rev. DATE Client Purpose of Issue
CONTRACTOR
This document and the information disclosed are the property of MMTE and are not to be used to furnish any information for
making of documents or apparatus except where approved by written agreement.
Confidential: This document discloses proprietary information. It may not be reproduced nor disclosed any person, nor used for any purpose, except with the written
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REVISION RECORD SHEET

Note: This Table is used for External Comments
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SWITCHYARD STRUCTURES
1
1.0 GENERAL………………………………………………………………………………
…….4
2.0 DESCRIPTION…………………………………………………………………………….....6
3.0 TERMINOLOGY…………………………………………………………………………..…6
4.0 STANDARDS…………………………………………………………………………..…….6
5.0 MATERIAL…………………………………….……………………………………..…..…..7
6.0 DESIGN ……………………….……………………………………………………….....….7
7.0 DESIGN REQUIREMENT …….………………………………………………………..….9
8.0 FABRICATION …………………………………………….…………………………....…11
9.0 GALVANIZATION …………………..….………..……….….……….………………....…11
10.0 WELDING ………………………………………..……….…………….……………....…14
11.0 INSPECTION AND TESTS………………………………………..…………………..…14
12.0 SUPERVISION OVER INSTALLATION AND ERECTION……………………….….15
13.0 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT……………………………………………………..15
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1.0 GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
This Specification Describes the Minimum requirements for design, inspection and testing
of SWITCHYARD STRUCTURES of MIYANEH STEEL MAKING PLANT (MIYANEH SMP).
1.2 LANGUAGE
All correspondence and submittals shall be in English.
1.3 DOCUMENT PRIORITY

In the event of any conflict between these specifications, the requisition, drawings, codes
and standards, the priority shall be given in the following order.
a. Purchase order
b. Drawings
c. This specification
d. Codes and standards
In any case vendor shall refer the matter with Purchaser and obtain clarification before
proceeding with any work.
1.4 SITE LOCATION

Site selected for MIYANEH SMP is located northwest of IRAN, at East AZERBAYJAN
Province
- Longitude : 47° 42’ E
- Latitude : 37° 27’ N
- Elevation : app. 1110 m above sea level
1.5 METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.

The steel making plant to be designed and based on the following site data:
1.5.1 Ambient temperature
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- Registered temperature
Highest recorded: +41.8°C
Lowest recorded: -25.6°C

Average recorded: +14.3°C
- Design conditions
Max. Ambient temperature: +20°C
Min. Ambient temperature: +6.9°C
1.5.2. Relative humidity

Relative humidity : max. %71
min. %35
1.5.3. Rainfall
Yearly rainfall : Ave. 274.6 mm
Max. Monthly rainfall : 46.1 mm
1.5.4. Atmospheric pressure
Average : 0.89 bar
Basic wind speed for design 80 km/h.
- Pollution degree : heavy pollution degree because of steel making
1.5.5. Earthquake 1
Earthquake load will be in accordance with the Iranian code of practice for Seismic
Resistant design of Building, standard 2800 (latest edition). For this project following factor
.shall be applied
Seismic zone: Region 2 (High Seismic Zone)
Design base acceleration: 0.3 G
Soil: type II
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2.0 DESCRIPTION
Switchyard structures shall mean galvanized steel structures the support of electrical
equipment.
Work of this chapter includes: design, manufacture, testing, transportation and supervision
over installation and erection of switchyard structures and all their accessories.
The work described in this chapter covers the structural steel and anchor bolts for the
following cases:
a) Support structures for disconnect switches, switch operating mechanisms, circuit
breaker, current transformer, voltage transformers, lightning arresters, line traps and post
insulators.
b) Portal structures (Gantries) for overhead conductors in long spans.
The work also covers steel mounting rails and pedestals for mounting of the equipment.
The work also covers shackles of the substation structures to terminate the transmission
line insulator strings.
3.0 TERMINOLOGY
Technical terminology should be as defined in the latest edition of IEC 50, IEEE 100 and
ASTM standards.
4.0 STANDARDS
Work of this chapter shall comply with the requirements of the latest edition of “BS, DIN,
AISC, ASCE, ACI, AWS, ASTM, JIS, ISO and Iranian National Building Code” standards.
Which AISC, ASCE & DIN standards are preferred.
It is noteworthy that special publications related to high voltage structures design and
behavior could be referred e.g.:
a) VDE 0210 Regulations for the construction of overhead power lines above 1kv
b) IEEE STD 693, IEEE recommended practice for seismic design of substation.
c) ASCE manuals and reports on engineering practice No.52 Guide for design of steel
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transmission towers.
5.0 MATERIAL
5.1 Steel structures shall conform to one of the standards ISO, BS, DIN or ASTM. Only
two strengths of classes may be used :
1) Low tensile strength (yield point 200 to 260 N/m2). 1
2)High tensile strength (yield point 300 to 350 N/m2).
5.2 Steel shall comply with the requirements of ASTM A143 and embrittlement tests shall
be made in accordance with that specification.
5.3 Bolts and nuts shall conform to ASTM. Bolts heads and nuts shall be hexagon.
5.4 Anchor bolts shall conform to ASTM A307 with hexagon nuts.
6.0 DESIGN 1
6.1 GENERAL
6.1.1 Structure and supports shall be designed in accordance with ASCE-Manuals and
reports on engineering practice No. 52, “Guide for design of steel transmission towers”
,unless otherwise stated below.
6.1.2 All structures shall be self-supporting designed as rigid frames, a-frames or

cantilevers and be mounted on concrete foundations. The connections to the foundations
shall be by base plates and embedded anchor bolts. The projecting parts of the anchor
bolts are to be galvanized.
6.1.3 Structures shall be designed to suit the requirements of electrical clearances.
6.1.4 Design shall be such as to keep the number of different parts as few as possible to
facilitate transport, inspection and erection. In order to facilitate inspection and
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maintenance of the structures, required climbing devices shall be applied. Ladders in

towers, with lighting appliances, shall require safety guards.
6.1.5 All members in a structure which can be subjected to the weight of linesman with
tools shall be designed for an additional vertical load of 1 KN applied in the most
unfavorable way.
6.1.6 The strength and rigidity of the structures shall be such that the alignment of the
apparatus which they carry shall not be affected by the static and dynamic loads to which
the structures are subjected.
6.1.7 The gantries shall be properly designed for the max horizontal and vertical
applicable forces considering all the loading conditions and all the safety factors. The
design of the gantries shall allow 15° horizontal deviation from the center line ( and after
modification of the gantry 30° deviation and 15° deviation in the vertical direction (up-life)
for the phase conductors. Earth wires shall be allowed for connections from all directions.
6.2 Structures and supports shall be designed to meet the max. forces from the most
critical combination of the following loading :
6.2.1 Dead weight.
6.2.2 Normal loads from conductors.
6.2.3 Ice loading.
6.2.4 Wind loading.
6.2.5 Short - circuit loading
6.2.6 Earthquake load.
6.2.7 Mechanical operation of equipment.
Forces due to mechanical operation (e.g. for circuit - breaker supports) shall be furnished
by respective apparatus manufacturer.
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6.3 Stresses in tension members are calculated from the net area after reduction for
holes. In case of a single angle member connected by one flange only, the net area shall
be reduced by 10% due to the non - uniform stress distribution. The yield limit is chosen
as the allowable ultimate tensile stress.
6.4 Redundant members without calculated stress supporting leg members or supporting
other members shall be checked for a minimum compression load 1.7% of the actual load
in the leg member or the other member respectively.
7.0 DESIGN REQUIREMENT 1

7.1 Minimum thickness of Material
Open Section Closed Section

(mm) (mm)
--------------- ---------------
Main members 6 4
Other members. 4 3
Redundant members. 3 3
Closed sections shall be well drained. Members with thickness less 4 mm shall not have minus
tolerance in their thickness.
7.2 Slenderness Ratios

The ration between unsupported length of a member and the relevant radius of gyration ,
L/r shall not exceed :
For compression members : L/r
Leg members and crossarms. 120
Other members having calculated stress. 200
Redundant members “without calculated stress” 250
For tension members : 350
If the influence of wind - induced vibration is taken into consideration the maximum
Allowable slenderness ratio for tension members is increased to 500.
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7.3 Bolts
7.3.1 Minimum spacing of bolts and edge distances:

a) Minimum distance from hole center to edge shall be 1.5 x bolt diameter. 1
b) Minimum distance between center to center shall be 3.0 x bolt diameter.
7.3.2 The minimum bolt diameter shall be 16 mm.
7.3.3 Bolts shall not be threaded on that part of the shaft which corresponds to the bolt -
hole. The tread shall terminate under the washer or in some other way outside the
stressed material. It is accepted that the thread outlet terminates up to 5 mm into the
material, but not more than a third of the material thickness.
7.3.4 The bolt shall be of such a length that the nut after tightening can be well secured by
a blow on the thread with a punch or chisel or in some other reassuring manner.
7.3.5 The bolt - hole diameter after galvanizing shall not be greater than the bolt diameter
plus 1.5 mm.
7.3.6 Allowable ultimate stresses shall be as follows :

7.3.6.1 Allowable ultimate tensile stress and bending stress on extreme fibers shall be
taken as the applicable yield point.
7.3.6.2 Allowable ultimate shearing stress shall be taken as 0.6 times the applicable yield
point.
7.3.6.3 Allowable ultimate boring stress shall be taken as 1.8 times the applicable yield
point.
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7.4 Safety Factors The minimum factor of safety based upon allowable ultimate load under
the loading combinations given in appendix LC are listed in the table below:
8.0 FABRICATION
8.1 Fabrication of steel work shall conform to American Institute of Steel Construction
Publication, Seventh Edition, specification for the design, fabrication and erection of
structural steel for buildings, 1969 , including supplements 1, 2 and 3 , unless otherwise
indicated in this specification.
8.2 Member shall be fabricated straight and true so that the structures may be assembled
with all parts in true alignment without straining or distortion.
8.3 One structure of each type shall be shop assembled before galvanizing to assure
correct fit of parts during field erection. All assembled structures will be inspected by the
engineer.
8.4 Holes for bolted joints shall be drilled when the material thickness exceeds 13 mm.
When the material thickness is less than or equal to 13 mm, punching of holes of diameter
exceeding the material thickness is allowed. Wrongly drilled holes may not be refilled by
welding and will cause rejection of the part in question. Drilled or punched holes shall be
round and clean-cut, and free from ragged edges and burrs. The diameter of the finished
holes shall be equal to the nominal diameter of the bolts plus 1.5 mm.
9.0 GALVANIZING
1
9.1 Steel work including connection plates , bolts and nuts shall be galvanized, tested and
inspected in accordance with the standard specifications and recommended practices
listed in section STST. 1 (ASTM-A123, A153 and uniformity test according to ASTM 239)
9.2 Before galvanizing, material shall be fully fabricated, free of flash and burrs, with
smooth edges, and with welding completed . The steel shall be thoroughly cleaned of
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paint , grease, rust, scale or any other material that may interfere with the proper bonding
of the spelter to the steel. Materials shall be stripped and regalvanized due to any of the
following galvanizing defects after process operation of hot dip galvanizing in addition to
item 14 of the ASTM 123 standard :
Pimples, gray coating , distortion, rust stain, improper thickness, and peeling. The
materials shall be rejected due to any galvanizing defect.
9.3 The average weight of zinc coating on steel sections shall not be less than 610/m2.
9.4 After galvanizing, no punching, drilling, welding or any other work which may damage
the protective cover will be allowed.
9.5 Materials storage and transport :

Newly galvanized surfaces should be avoided coming into contact with rain or condense
water and chemicals during storage and transport.
All materials should be passivated and arranged with an inclination so that water does not
collect, spacers are required to be placed between the layers for good ventilation.
All materials should be arranged so that water and moisture does not collect.
Material stored outdoors should be arranged in such a manner that water can easily run
off the surfaces and that all surfaces are well ventilated.
All nuts should be protected by a paraffin base oil placed in suitable drum and sealed to
prevent water and moisture influences. Use silica gel also.
All bolts should be placed in suitable drum and sealed to prevent water and moisture
influences. Use silica gel also.
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All materials should be avoided coming into contact with chemical.

All materials should not be damaged.
Minor damage to the galvanizing during transport or erection, may be repaired by using
zinc-rich paint containing at least 92% fine zinc powder by weight. Adequate quantity of
approved zinc-rich paint shall be supplied by the contractor to repair the minor damages.
9.6 Maintenance due to white rust, red rust and black rust :
9.6.1 White Rust
9.6.1.1 If this defect is below 10 percent of a part, brush with stiff bristle, white rust can be
completely removed by washing with 10% acetic acid, which must be followed by very
thorough rinsing water. Then paint it , with over 95% zinc rich two component epoxy paint.
Owner will approve the paint manufacturer and procedure of application.
9.6.1.2 If this defect is over 10% of a part , the material shall be stripped and regalvanized.
9.6.2 Red Rust and Black Rust The material shall be stripped and regalvanized due to any
amount of above defects.
9.7 Painting of hot dip galvanized steel Painting is used on galvanized steel for aesthetic
reasons, for identification or warning, for camouflage for exposure to aggressive
environment , especially it future maintenance is difficult or zinc coating layer is thin such
as sheet metal, It is used also for protection against galvanic corrosion, if hot dip
galvanized steel is to be in contact with another metal such as copper.
9.8 Choice of paint and application by owner approval :

9.8.1 Surface preparation.
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9.8.2 Appropriate bonding primer, based on epoxy.

9.8.3 For corrosive environments.
9.8.3.1 For moderate corrosive environments acrylate and PVAC- latex are suitable.
9.8.3.2 For high corrosive environment under chemical conditions, such as industries and
cities, paint of chemical resistance must be chosen e.g. PVC. Vinyl copolymers,
chlorinated rubber, polyurethane and epoxy.
9.8.3.3 For soil and water, tar/bitumen or coal tar epoxy paint is recommended.
10.0 WELDING 1
10.1 Shop welding shall be done by the electric are process in accordance with American
welding publication D1.1 -75, structural welding code, including revision 1-76 and revision
2-77.
10.2 Welding shall be performed by qualified welders and in accordance with AWS
publication D1.1 , revision 2-77.
10.3 Welds shall be continuous seal welds, and uniform in size throughout their full length.
10.4 Welds shall be free of non- metallic inclusions, porosity, weld-bead cracking, weld
bead craters, piping , incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration, under cutting and heat-
affected zone cracking.
10.5 Repairs of welds by chipping and grinding shall be done in such a manner as not to
gouge, groove or reduce the base metal thickness.
11.0 INSPECTION AND TESTS

Perform all tests stipulated in applicable standards to ensure that material and
workmanship conform to the specification and drawings.
Give Buyer access to the works for determination or assessment of compliance with the
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provision of this specification or to witness the contractor’s inspection or tests.

Produce a certificate of compliance of the equipment with the tests stipulated in the
applicable standards.
Owner reserves the right to have representative present during final shop and functional
testing. The contractor shall advise the date of test at least sixty (60) days in advance.
12.0 SUPERVISION OVER INSTALLATION AND ERECTION

Perform visual inspection before installation to ensure that there is no damage.
Ascertain with Buyer that all concrete foundations have cured for the minimum period
specified, and that all back fill is compacted to its approved level before placing or erecting
structural steel on the foundations.
Inspect all structures accompanied by Buyer prior to the equipment erection operation.
Notify Buyer four (4) weeks before the structures are ready to be inspected.
13.0 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

Payment of this chapter will be a lump sum and will be made in accordance with the
schedule of prices.
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DOCUMENT TYPE : Spec.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION for

2 NOV. 09 A.Alizadeh M.Khosravian A.Hemmatian Issued For Approval

01 JUL. 09 A.Alizadeh M.Khosravian A.Hemmatian Issued For Review

REVISION RECORD SHEET

Note: This Table is used for External Comments

1.3 DOCUMENT PRIORITY

1.4 SITE LOCATION

1.5 METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.

Lowest recorded: -25.6°C

1.5.2. Relative humidity

6.1.2 All structures shall be self-supporting designed as rigid frames, a-frames or

6.1.3 Structures shall be designed to suit the requirements of electrical clearances.

maintenance of the structures, required climbing devices shall be applied. Ladders in

7.0 DESIGN REQUIREMENT 1

Open Section Closed Section

7.2 Slenderness Ratios

7.3.1 Minimum spacing of bolts and edge distances:

7.3.2 The minimum bolt diameter shall be 16 mm.

7.3.6 Allowable ultimate stresses shall be as follows :

9.5 Materials storage and transport :

All materials should be avoided coming into contact with chemical.

All materials should not be damaged.

9.8 Choice of paint and application by owner approval :

9.8.2 Appropriate bonding primer, based on epoxy.

11.0 INSPECTION AND TESTS

provision of this specification or to witness the contractor’s inspection or tests.

12.0 SUPERVISION OVER INSTALLATION AND ERECTION

13.0 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

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