Long Question and Answer:-

1.What is a computer?

Ans:- Computer can be defined as an electronic machine that is designed to accept data and instructions ,
store data and instructions, process the data according to the instructions to produce desired results.

2.What is the difference between ‘save’ and ‘save as’ option?

Ans:- ‘Save as’ option is used to save a file for the first time or to save the file with a different name and
‘ save ‘ option is used to save the modifications made to a file.
3.What is the difference between copy-paste and cut-paste?

Ans:- Copy- paste option is used to copy or make a duplicate copy of an object and paste it in another place
where cut-paste option is used to move an object from one place to another.

4.What are secondary storage devices? Give examples.

Ans:- The computer’s memory is limited. Inorder to supplement this memory , the computer is provided
with a secondary using secondary storage devices . these secondary memory stores the data and
instructions permanently . It is also referred to as external memory. Eg:- hard disk, compact disk, flash
drives, etc.

5.What is operating system? Give examples.

Ans:- An operating system is a set of routine programs that is used to manage the operations of the
computer. That is, it manages the system resources , runs programs in response to commands from the
user and supervises the interaction between the system and its users. Eg. Windows 95/98/XP, UNIX, LINUX,
etc.

6.What are input and output devices. Give examples.

Ans:- The devices which aid in the input of data and instructions into the computer are called input devices.
Eg. Keyboard, mouse, image scanner, etc.

The devices which aid in the communication of data and information from machine to man are called
output devices. Eg. Monitor, printer, speaker, etc.

7. What is CPU? What are the functions of the CPU?

Ans:-The part of the computer that executes programs , instructions is called processor or central
processing unit.

The Control Unit , Arithmetic Logic Unit(ALU) and Memory Unit together form the CPU of the computer.

Functions of the CPU:-

  To store data and instructions
 To control the sequence of operations
 To carry out processing.
8. What is software? Name and define the different kinds of software.

Ans:- The term software means a collection of programs. A program is a set of logical instructions that is
required to accomplish a particular task.

Software can be classified as Application software and System software.

Application software:- It is a collection of application programs . An application program is one that has
been developed to solve a specific data processing task. Eg. MS-Word, MS-Excel, etc.

System software:- It is a collection of programs designed to operate , control and extend the processing
capabilities of the computer itself. Eg. Operating system, compilers, etc.

9. What are the functions of operating system?

Ans:- The functions of the operating system are as follows:-

 To control input/output operations

 To control the movement of data in the primary storage.
 To locate and load programs from secondary storage.
 To save files in the secondary storage.
 To manage a larger task in a smaller primary memory by using the technique of virtual memory.
10. What are primary storage devices?

Ans:- The primary unit of the computer is made up of RAM, ROM and Cache.

RAM:- Random Access Memory(RAM) is used to store the data and instructions that are currently being
processed. This memory can be randomly accessed and is also called the Immediate Access Memory. It is
volatile i.e the memory is erased when the power supply is cut off.

ROM(Read Only Memory):- The storage elements in the ROM are not available to the user. These elements
contain certain pre-coded instructions which are used by the computer. These storage locations are only
read and cannot be erased or changed.

Cache:- Cache is a specially designed buffer storage used to improve computer performance by reducing
access time. It holds instructions and data that are likely to be needed for next operation by the processor.

11. What are peripheral devices?

Ans:- The input , output and secondary storage devices are called peripheral devices or peripherals
because they are often located near the processor unit. The peripherals are connected to the processor by
electric cables and the signals are passed to the peripherals in the form of electric pulses. Eg. Keyboard,
printer, monitor, etc.

12. What are bits and bytes?

Ans:- The computer is a switching circuit consisting of logically arranged ‘on’ or ‘off’ transistors and a
particular sequence of these ‘on’-‘off’ transistors represents a code for a character. The two state or bi-
state of ‘on’ or ‘off’ situation is represented by 1(for ‘on’) and 0(for ‘off’). These two digits, which
represents the bi-state of electronic system , are called binary digits or bits.

A group of 8 bits , which is used to represent a character is called a byte.

13. What is multi-tasking?

Ans:- MS-Windows allows executing more than one program at a time. This feature is called multi-tasking.
Each program will work in its own window and the user can switch to any program without closing the
previous program.

14. What is an icon? Name the different types of icons.

Ans:- A small graphical picture on the screen is called an icon.

There are three types of icons:- a. folder icon b. program icon c. document icon.

15. Moving the cursor using keyboard:-

 Up one line
 Down one line
 Left one character
 Right one character
Ctrl +  Left one word
Ctrl +  Right one word
^ Home Beginning of document
^End End of document
^PgUp Top left corner of the window
^PgDn Bottom right corner of the window
Ctrl +  Previous paragraph
Ctrl +  Next paragraph

16. What is a file?

Ans:- A file is a collection of text that has a name, called the filename. The filename can be upto 255
characters , and can use spaces and special characters.

A filename consists of two parts i.e. primary and secondary name. The primary name is the first part of
the name and the secondary name is the extension to the primary name. The two are separated by a
period.

17. What is the recycle bin?

Ans:- Recycle bin is a holding place for the deleted files and folders. These files are not actually deleted
from the hard disk until the recycle bin is emptied.
 MS-WORD
Answer the following questions:-

1. What are the different types of breaks available in MS-Word?

Ans:- The different types of breaks available in MS-Word are:-

a. Page break b. column break c. text wrapping break d. section break

2. Define table.

Ans:- A table is any information grouped together, arranged in rows and columns. Each intersection of a
row and column is referred to as a cell of the table.

3. Name the different types of alignments in MS-Word.

Ans:- The different types of alignments in MS-Word are:-

a. Left align b. center align c. right align d. justify

4. What are called superscript and subscript?

Ans:- The text that is written below the original line is a subscript. Eg. H 2O , here, 2 is the subscript.

The text that is written above the original line is called superscript. Eg. A 3+B3 ,here , 3 is the
superscript.

5. Some shortcut keys and their actions:-

Shortcut keys Actions

Ctrl + B Bold icon
Ctrl + I Italic icon
Ctrl + U Underline icon
Ctrl + Shift + P Font size box
Ctrl + Shift + F Font box
Ctrl + Shift + A All caps (All upper case)
Ctrl + Shift + K Small caps
Ctrl + Shift + D Double underline
Ctrl + Shift + W Word underline
Ctrl + Shift + H Hide
Ctrl + = Subscript
Ctrl + Shift + = Superscript
Ctrl + F Find and replace
Ctrl + P Print menu
Ctrl + spacebar Reset character
Ctrl + [ To decrease the character size one point at a time
Ctrl + ] To increase the character size one point at a time
Ctrl + Shift + < Reduces the font by point sizes as displayed in the formatting toolbar
Ctrl + Shift + > Increases the font size by point sizes as displayed in the formatting toolbar
 Ctrl + C To copy an object
Ctrl + V To paste an object
Ctrl + X To cut an object
Ctrl + S To save a file
F7 Spelling and grammar check
Ctrl + Z Undo
Ctrl + Y Redo

6. What is auto correct?

Ans:- Auto correct is used to get the text that is required immediately after typing the shortcut name
without pressing any other key. It is a methid to correct the text as the user types it.

MS-EXCEL
Answer the following questions:-

1. What is MS-Excel?

Ans:- MS-Excel is a windows based spreadsheet package. In a spreadsheet package, the re-calculation is
automatic. The details of bank passbook, tax, inventory, etc. can be maintained using a spreadsheet
package.

2. Define cell. How can a cell be made active?

Ans:- The intersection of a row and a column is called a cell. Each cell has a name or a cell address.

Any cell can be made active by clicking on that cell.

3. Define formulas.

Ans:- Formulas are entered into the cell to perform calculations. A formula begins with an equal sign(=).

4. Write the importance of functions.

Ans:- The importance of functions are:-

a. Function shortens a formula.
b. Complex formulas can be created using functions and some tasks can be accomplished only by
using the functions.

5. What is the auto fill feature of MS-Excel?

Ans:- The auto fill feature of MS-Excel will save data entry time by expanding series of numbers, days of
weeks, different months, etc. from a given cell to adjacent ones. This is achieved by using the fill handle.

6. Define range name.

 Ans:- A range name is a name given to a range of cells. This range name can be used instead of cell
addresses in formulae.

7. What is a database? Name the different types of databases.

Ans:- An organized collection of data arranged in rows and columns is a database. It is also called an excel list.
There are two types of worksheet databases:-
a.Internal :- Databases created in excel are called internal databases.
b. External:- A database created using DBMS packages like Foxpro, dBASE, Oracle, etc. is called an
external database.

8. What is data sort?

Ans:- Sorting is arranging the records in a database , based in one or more fields(columns). Sort brings the
related records together, so that the records in the database are easily accessible.

9. What is cell reference? Name the types of cell references with examples.

Ans:- A formula represents certain cell relationships, which generates a result. When a formula is copied to
other cells, a cell reference specifies , whether its column or row number has to change or remain the
same.

While typing the cell address in the formula, three types of cell references can be used:-

a. Relative reference:- If a formula with relative reference is copied, the cell reference used in the formula
will automatically change in the copied cell.
b. Absolute reference:- If the formula with absolute reference is copied, the cell reference used in the
formula remain unchanged . To achieve this, use $ symbol before the column letter and row number.
c. Mixed reference:- If a formula with mixed reference is copied, the cell references used in the formula
will change either the column letter or the row number but not both of them . to achieve this , use $
symbol before the column letter or row number.
10. Name and define the various types of mathematical and statistical functions.

Ans:- The various types of mathematical and statistical functions are:-

a. SUM():- It is a mathematical function used to add the numeric value in a range of cells. A maximum of
30 arguments can be provided.
b. AVERAGE():- It calculates and returns the average of the numeric values in the range of cells. A
maximum of 30 arguments can be provided.
c. MAX():- It returns the largest value in the range. A maximum of 30 arguments can be provided.
d. MIN():- It returns the lowest value in the range. A maximum of 30 arguments can be provided.
e. COUNT():- It counts the number of cells that contain numbers in the specified range. It is a statistical
function.
f. COUNTA():- It counts the number of cells that are not empty in the specified range. A maximum of 30
arguments can be provided.
g. COUNTBLANK():- It counts empty cells in a specified range of cells. Cells with zero values are not
counted.
11. Date and Time functions:-

Ans:- The date and time functions used in Excel are:-

a. =Date (year, month, day):- It returns the serial number of a particular date .
b. =now():- It returns the serial number of the current date and time.

12. Text functions:-

Ans:- The text functions are:-

a. Left() :- It returns the specified number of characters from the left side of a text string.
b. Right() :- It returns the specified number of characters from the right side of a text string.
c. Mid() :- It returns a specified number of characters starting from a text string.
d. Len() :- It returns the length of a text string. Spaces are counted as characters.
e. Proper() :- It converts the first letter of each word in a text string to upper case and remaining
letters to lower case.
f. Rept() :- It repeats the given text a specified number of times.
g. Upper() :- It converts all lower case letters in a text string to upper case.
h. Lower() :- It converts all upper case letters in a text string to lower case.

13. Write the steps for creating a database.

Ans:- The following points must be remembered while creating a database:-

 Avoid creating more than one list on the same workbook.

 Leave at least one blank column and one blank row between the list and other data on the
worksheet.
 Avoid putting blank rows and columns in the list.
 Avoid placing important data to the left or right of the list because this data might be hidden when
filter option is applied to the list.

14. Operators:-

Operator is a symbol, used to specify the type of calculation that is to be performed on the elements of a
formula. There are four types of calculation operators:-

a. Arithmetic operator:- It performs basic mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction,

multiplication, combine numbers and produce numeric results.

OPERATOR MEANING EXAMPLE

+ (plus sign) Addition 3+3
-(minus sign) Subtraction 3-1
*(asterisk) Multiplication 3*3
/(forward slash) Division 3/3
%(percent sign) Percent 20%3
^(caret) Exponentiation 3^2
b. Comparison operator:- It compares two values and then produce the logic value TRUE or FALSE.

OPERATOR MEANING EXAMPLE

=(equal sign) Equal to A1=B1
>(greater than sign) Greater than A1>B1
<(less than sign) Less than A1<B1
>=(greater than or equal to sign) Greater than or equal to A1>=B1
<=(less than or equal to sign) Less than or equal to A1<=B1
<>(not equal to sign) Not equal to A1<>B1

c. Text operator:- “&” (ampersand) combines one or more text values to produce a single piece of text.
d. Reference operator:- It combines a range of cells for calculations.

OPERATOR MEANING EXAMPLE

:(colon) Range operator, which produces one reference B5:B15
to all the cells between two references,
including the two references.
,(comma) Union operator, which combines multiple =sum(B5:B15,D5:D15)
references into one reference.
(single space) Intersection operator, which produces one =sum(B5:B15 A7:D7)
reference to cells common to two references. Here cell b7 is common to both
ranges.

15. Logical functions:-

Ans:- Logical functions are used to see whether a condition is true or false or to check for multiple
conditions.

a. IF() :- The function IF is used to determine whether a condition is true or false . One value is returned if
the condition is true , and a different value is returned if the condition is false. Syntax
:-= IF(logical_test, [value_if_true], [value_if_false])
b. SUMIF() :- SUMIF() is used to total a range of numeric cells based on a condition.
Syntax :- =SUMIF(range, criteria, [sum range])
c. COUNTIF() :- This function gives the count of the number of cells which satisfies the condition.
Syntax :- =COUNTIF(range, criteria)

16. What is Auto Sum?

Ans:- Auto Sum is used to total a range of numeric cells. This icon is available in the Editing group of Home
tab.

17. What is Custom List?

Ans:- A Custom List is a collection of some commonly used words , which can be reproduced by dragging
the fill handle. For example, a company operates in four different regions (East, West, North, South) and
 the region has to be typed constantly into the worksheet, a Custom List can be used to save data entry
time.

18. What are charts? What are the different types of charts?

Ans:- Charts are graphical representation of numerical data. A set of numeric data which is actually plotted,
is called a data series. Each value in the data series is a data point. Data series can be in rows and columns.

Types of charts:- Depending on the appearance of chart, chart can be Embedded chart and Chart Sheet.
Embedded Chart is drawn on the worksheet where the data exists. Chart Sheet is a separate sheet
containing only the chart in it.

MS-POWER POINT
Answer the following questions: -

1. Define MS-Power Point.

Ans:- MS-Power point is a very powerful presentation utility, which helps in creation of presentation at
ease and with immense speed. It includes many features to help the user create, format and manipulate
electronic presentations.

2. What are the features and utilities of MS-Power Point?

Ans:- Features and utilities of MS-Power point are:-

a. Presentatiomn wizards, which help us through a presentation.

b. Clip art.
c. Slides show customization.

3. Define the slide master.

Ans:- The slide master is the master organizer. All the slides follow the pattern of the slide master. The slide
master will automatically be active in the background whenever slides are prepared or opened.

4. What are the different types of views in Power Point? Define them.

Ans:- The different types of views in Power-Point are:-

1. Normal view:- It is the main editing view, where we write and design our presentations.
2. Slide Sorter view:- This view gives us a view of our slides in thumbnail form arranged in horizontal rows.
It is useful in making global changes to several slides at one time.
3. Notes Page view:- In this view , we can type notes that apply to the current slide. Later we can print our
notes and refer to them when we give our presentation.
 4. Slide Show view:- We use slide show view to deliver our presentation to the audience. In this view, we
can see how our graphics, timings, movies, animated effects and transition effects will look during the
actual presentation.

INTERNET

Answer the following questions:-

1. What is internet?what can we do with the help of internet?

Ans:- The internet is an international network of computers that allow people to access a wide range of
information and services.

With the help of internet, people can access a vast storehouse of information and services like
e-mail, chat areas, forums, etc. Telephoning and video conferencing over the Net is also possible.

2. What is a browser?

Ans:- A browser is a software, which allows the user to find , view and manage information on the
world wide web. It reads information on web servers and presents it in easy to understand form. Eg.
Microsoft Internet Explorer, firefox, etc.

3. What are the items of information a URL gives?

Ans:- The URL gives three items of information:-

a. A service descriptor which specifies the protocol to use , like http, ftp, etc.
b. The internet site at which the file can be found .
c. And the place on that service where the file is located like index.htm

4. What is firewall?

Ans:- Firewall is the name given to a computer application that provides a secure connection to the
internet. It monitors information sent to and from our organization on to the internet and presents
access to our sensitive information.

5. Whar are modems?

Ans:- The most popular device to connect to the internet is a modem. It can be easily plugged into a
standard telephone connection. It is an important link between the computer running internet browser
and dial-up service provider.

6. What is WWW?

Ans:- World Wide Web is a vast connection of web sites, made up of web pages. It can be thought of as
a graphical interface to the internet, providing a revolutionary way of accessing information scattered
across millions of computers around the world.
7. What is a web site?

Ans:- A web site is simply a collection of inter-linked web pages. Web pages need not be related to each
other. By its very nature, the Web makes it possible to link any number of items, including other pages.

8. Define E-mail.

Ans:- E-mail or electronic mail can be defined as the exchange of messages and computer files between
computers over a computer network. This network can be a small as a Local Area Network(LAN) or as
large as the Internet that spans the world.