older members of the YMCA, while still requiring a bit of
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
4TH QUARTER
Volleyball is a popular team sport in which two teams
of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score
points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under
organized rules.[1] It has been a part of the official program of
the Summer Olympic Games since Tokyo 1964.
The complete rules are extensive[2], but simply, play
proceeds as follows: a player on one of the teams begins a
'rally' by serving the ball (tossing or releasing it and then hitting
it with a hand or arm), from behind the back boundary line of
the court, over the net, and into the receiving team's
court.[3] The receiving team must not let the ball be grounded
within their court. The team may touch the ball up to 3 times,
but individual players may not touch the ball twice
consecutively.[3] Typically, the first two touches are used to set
up for an attack, an attempt to direct the ball back over the net
in such a way that the serving team is unable to prevent it from
being grounded in their court.
The rally continues, with each team allowed as many as
three consecutive touches, until either (1): a team makes a kill,
grounding the ball on the opponent's court and winning the
rally; or (2): a team commits a fault and loses the rally. The
team that wins the rally is awarded a point and serves the ball
to start the next rally. A few of the most common faults include:
 causing the ball to touch the ground or floor outside the
opponents' court or without first passing over the net;
 catching and throwing the ball;
 double hit: two consecutive contacts with the ball made by
the same player;
 four consecutive contacts with the ball made by the same
team;
 net foul: touching the net during play;
 foot fault: the foot crosses over the boundary line when
serving.
The ball is usually played with the hands or arms, but players
can legally strike or push (short contact) the ball with any part
of the body.
A number of consistent techniques have evolved in
volleyball, including spiking and blocking (because these plays
are made above the top of the net, the vertical jump is an
athletic skill emphasized in the sport) as well
as passing, setting, and specialized player positions and
offensive and defensive structures.
History
Origin of volleyball
William G. Morgan
In the winter of 1895[4], in Holyoke, Massachusetts (United
States), William G. Morgan, a YMCA physical education
director, created a new game called Mintonette, a name
derived from the game of badminton,[5] as a pastime to be
played (preferably) indoors and by any number of players. The
game took some of its characteristics from other sports such
as tennis and handball.[6] Another indoor sport, basketball, was
catching on in the area, having been invented just ten miles
(sixteen kilometers) away in the city of Springfield,
Massachusetts, only four years before. Mintonette was
designed to be an indoor sport, less rough than basketball, for
athletic effort.
The first rules, written down by William G Morgan, called for a
net 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) high, a 25 ft × 50 ft (7.6 m × 15.2 m)
court, and any number of players. A match was composed of
nine innings with three serves for each team in each inning,
and no limit to the number of ball contacts for each team
before sending the ball to the opponents' court. In case of a
serving error, a second try was allowed. Hitting the ball into the
net was considered a foul (with loss of the point or a side-
out)—except in the case of the first-try serve.
After an observer, Alfred Halstead, noticed the volleying nature
of the game at its first exhibition match in 1896, played at the
International YMCA Training School (now called Springfield
College), the game quickly became known as volleyball (it was
originally spelled as two words: "volley ball"). Volleyball rules
were slightly modified by the International YMCA Training
School and the game spread around the country to various
YMCAs.[7][8]
Basic Volleyball Rules
 6 players on the floor at any one time - 3 in the front
row and 3 in the back row
 Maximum of 3 hits per side
 Points are made on every serve for wining team of rally
(rally-point scoring).
 Player may not hit the ball twice in succession. (A block
is not considered a hit.)
 Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on a
serve.
 A ball hitting a boundary line is in.
 A ball is out if it hits an antennae, the floor completely
outside the court, any of the net or cables outside the
antennae, the referee stand or pole, the ceiling above a
non-playable area.
 It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a player’s
body.
 It is illegal to catch, hold or throw the ball.
 A player cannot block or attack a serve from on or
inside the 10-foot line.
 After the serve, front-line players may switch positions
at the net.
 Matches are made up of sets; the number depends on
level of play. 3-set matches are 2 sets to 25 points and
a third set to 15. Each set must be won by two points.
The winner is the first team to win 2 sets. 5-set
matches are 4 sets to 25 points and fifth set to 15. The
team must win by 2 unless tournament rules dictate
otherwise. The winner is the first team to win three
sets.
Basic Volleyball Rule Violations
Rule violations that result in a point for the opponent
 When serving, the player steps on or across the
service line as while making contact with the ball.
 Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully.
 Ball-handling errors. Contacting the ball illegally
(double touching, lifting, carrying, throwing, etc.)
 Touching the net with any part of the body while the
ball is in play.
 When blocking a ball coming from the opponent’s
court, it’s illegal to contact the ball when reaching over
the net if both your opponent has not used 3 contacts
 AND they have a player there to make a play on the
ball.
 When attacking a ball coming from the opponent’s
court, contacting the ball when reaching over the net is
a violation if the ball has not yet broken the vertical
plane of the net.
 Crossing the court centerline with any part of your body
is a violation. Exception: if it is the hand or foot. In this
case, the entire hand or entire foot must cross for it to
be a violation.
 Serving out of rotation/order.
 Back-row player blocking (deflecting a ball coming from
the opponent) when, at the moment of contact, the
back-row player is near the net and has part of his/her
body above the top of the net. This is an illegal block.
 Back-row player attacking a ball inside the front zone
(the area inside the 3M/10-foot line) when, at the
moment of contact, the ball is completely above the
net. This is an illegal attack.