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a.

What would be the nature of the study that would be designed ‐ Exploratory, descriptive
or hypothesis‐testing?
b. Give reasons for your answer to (a) above.

SITUATION A SITUATION B
A researcher wants to test the theory that low levels The head-nurse in a hospital would like to have a
of oxygen in the mines is the single most important profile of the patients that come to her ward.
factor that tires miners easily
a) Hypothesis‐testing a) Descriptive
b) Because the researcher wants to analyze b) Since the head nurse only wants a profile
and test whether low levels of oxygen would of the type of patients who come to her
cause tiredness in miners. ward in a mere description

c. Would it be a Field study, Comparative study, Lab experiment or Field experiment?

SITUATION A SITUATION B
A researcher wants to test the theory that low levels The head-nurse in a hospital would like to have a
of oxygen in the mines is the single most important profile of the patients that come to her ward.
factor that tires miners easily
c) Field Experiment because there would be c) Field Study because the people coming to
manipulation of the levels of oxygen in the her ward (natural setting) will be studied
natural environment of the workers. since individual profiles will be studied.

d. Would it be a causal or correlational study?


e. Justify the reasons for your answer to (d).

SITUATION A SITUATION B
A researcher wants to test the theory that low levels The head-nurse in a hospital would like to have a
of oxygen in the mines is the single most important profile of the patients that come to her ward.
factor that tires miners easily
d) Causal study d) Descriptive study
e) Because the researcher wants to see if low e) Using merely frequency distributions and
levels of oxygen cause tiredness in miners. means and standard deviations. It is thus
He wants to establish a cause and effect neither a causal nor a correlational study.
relationship between the independent and
the dependent variables.
f. Would it be a longitudinal or cross‐sectional study?
g. How would you explain your answer to (f) above?

SITUATION A SITUATION B
A researcher wants to test the theory that low levels The head-nurse in a hospital would like to have a
of oxygen in the mines is the single most important profile of the patients that come to her ward.
factor that tires miners easily
f) Longitudinal study f) Cross‐sectional study
g) Because data on tiredness will be collected g) Since data will be gathered from each
from the same batch of workers before and person just once to get the profile.
after each manipulation of the oxygen
injected into the environment.

h. What would be the unit of analysis?


i. Defend your answer to (h) above.

SITUATION A SITUATION B
A researcher wants to test the theory that low levels The head-nurse in a hospital would like to have a
of oxygen in the mines is the single most important profile of the patients that come to her ward.
factor that tires miners easily
h) Individual miners h) Individual patients
i) Because each individual miner’s i) Because individual profiles will be studied.
level of tiredness will be recorded and used
in data analysis, not be aggregated
across groups,

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