especially one that is essential or characteristic
constraint a limitation or restriction
criteria a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided
atomic mass the mass of an atom of a chemical
element expressed in atomic mass units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for the relative abundances of different isotopes
Periodic table a table of the chemical elements arranged
in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in vertical columns
Chemical symbol a chemical symbol is a notation of
one or two letters representing a chemical element. The exceptions to the one- to two-letter symbol are the temporary element symbols assigned to designate new or to-be-synthesized elements
molecule a group of atoms bonded together,
representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction chemical bond a thing used to tie something or to fasten things together
model a system or thing used as an example to
follow or imitate
chemical A Chemical Structure is a number of
structure atoms of each element in a compound. The structural formula shows both the actual number of atoms of elements in a compound and also how the atoms are arranged as well as which atoms are bonded to one another
atomic The definition of atomic structure is
composition the positively charged nucleus and the negatively charged electrons circling around it, within an atom. An example of atomic structure is what gives energy to atoms and then to molecules
crystal a piece of a homogeneous solid
substance having a natural geometrically regular form with symmetrically arranged plane faces extended Substances are made from different structure types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms
polymer a substance that has a molecular
structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together, e.g., many synthetic organic materials used as plastics and resins
macroscopic relating to large-scale or general
analysis
substance a particular kind of matter with
uniform properties
property a thing or things belonging to someone;
possessions collectively
mass a coherent, typically large body of
matter with no definite shape density the degree of compactness of a substance
solubility the degree of compactness of a
substance
state of matter a state of matter is one of the distinct
forms in which matter can exist
solid firm and stable in shape; not liquid or
fluid
liquid a substance that flows freely but is of
constant volume, having a consistency like that of water or oil
gas a substance or matter in a state in
which it will expand freely to fill the whole of a container, having no fixed shape (unlike a solid) and no fixed volume (unlike a liquid) boiling point the temperature at which a liquid boils and turns to vapor
melting point the temperature at which a given solid
will melt
pressure continuous physical force exerted on
or against an object by something in contact with it
temperature the degree or intensity of heat present
in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch Thermal energy Thermal energy is the energy that is generated and measured by heat
heat the quality of being hot; high temperature
sublime of such excellence, grandeur, or
beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe
evaporate turn from liquid into vapor
deposit a sum of money placed or kept in a bank
account, usually to gain interest condense make (something) denser or more concentrated
product an article or substance that is
manufactured or refined for sale
reactant a substance that takes part in and
undergoes change during a reaction
Scientific Scientific evidence is evidence which
evidence serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis
Clinical trial Scientific evidence is evidence which
serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis
Chemical A chemical equation is the symbolic
equation representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and formulae, wherein the reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities on the right-hand side.
Scientific law A scientific law is a statement based
on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the world
Law of The law of conservation of mass or
conservation of principle of mass conservation states that for any system closed to all transfers matter of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time, as system's mass cannot change, so s quantity cannot be added nor removed
exothermic An exothermic reaction is a chemical
reaction reaction that releases energy through light or heat. It is the opposite of an endothermic reaction. Expressed in a chemical equation
endothermic An endothermic process is any process
reaction which requires or absorbs energy from its surroundings, usually in the form of heat
prototype a first, typical or preliminary model of
something, especially a machine, from which other forms are developed or copied synthetic any of various man-made textile fibers material including usually those made from natural materials
natural materials or substances such as
resource minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain
food additive a substance added to food to enhance its
flavor or appearance or to preserve it
biodegradable (of a substance or object) capable of
being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms