ACTIVE I

OSTEOARTHRITIS

‘GENES, OVERWEIGHT, INJURY AND

REPITITVE STRAIN

OVE
ACTIVE RESPONSE OF CHONDROCYTES AND INFLAMMATORY
CELLS SURROUNDING THE TISSUE

RELEASE OF ENZYMES, CELL BREAKDOWN

COLLAGEN AND PROSTEOGLYCANS

DESTROYING ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

SUBCHONDRIAL BONE IS EXPOSED

SCLEROSIS OCCURS
\
WITH REMODELLING
FORMATION OF OSTEOPHYTES AND BONE
CYSTS

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

 PAIN OR STIFFNES
Caused by:
 inflamed synovium, stretching of the joint capsule or
ligaments, irritation of nerve endings in the periosteum
over osteophytes (bone spurs), trabecular
microfracture, intraosseous hypertension, bursitis,
tendinitis, and muscle spasm.
 FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT AND LIMITED MOTION

MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:

CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT MEASURES:

 PATIENT EDUCATION
 WEIGHT REDUCTION
 JOINT REST AND AVOIDANCE OF JOINT
OVERUSE
 ISOMETRIC AND POSTURAL EXERCISE NURSING MANAGEMENT:
 OCCUPATIONAL AND PHYSICAL THERAPY  PAIN MANAGEMENT
 REFERRAL FOR AN EXERCISE PROGRAM
COMPLEMENTARY:  CANES OR ASSISTIVE DEVICES TO BE
 HERBAL AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS CONDSIDERED
 ACUPUNCTURE
 ACUPRESSURE

PHARMACOLOGIC:
 ACETAMINOPHEN
 NON-SELECTIVE NSAIDS
 COX 2 ENXYME BLOCKERS- Used for patients at risk for
complications
CAUTION: associated risk of cardiovascular disease’
 OPIODS AND INTRAARTICULAR CORTICOSTEROIDS
 GLUCOSAMINE
 VISCOSUPPLEMENTATTION ( HYALURONATES)- gel like
substance
SURGICAL
 OSTEOTOMY AND ARTHROPLASTY

