Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Example 6.4.1
cos x
R
Evaluate, using the tables of integrals: sin2 x−9
dx.
Solution.
Letting u = sin x so that du = cos xdx, the given integral converts to
Z Z
cos x du
2 dx = 2
.
sin x − 9 u −9
Example 6.4.2
Find sin4 xdx.
R
Solution.
Using the reduction formula (73) twice, first with n = 4 and then with n = 2,
we find
Z Z
4 1 3 3
sin xdx = − sin x cos x + sin2 xdx
4 4
1 3 3
= − sin3 x cos x − sin x cos x + x + C
4 8 8
1
Example 6.4.3 R √
Using the tables of integrals, evaluate: x 6 + 4x − 4x2 dx.
Solution.
We have
Z p Z
2
1 p
x 6 + 4x − 4x dx = − (4 − 8x − 4) 6 + 4x − 4x2 dx
8
Z Z
1 p
2
1 p
=− (4 − 8x) 6 + 4x − 4x dx + 6 + 4x − 4x2 dx
8 2
1 √
Z Z
1 p
=− udu + 7 − w2 dw
8 4
3
1 u2 1 wp 2
7 −1 w
=− 3 + 7 − w + sin √ + C
8 2 4 2 2 7
1 3 2x − 1 p
= − (6 + 4x − 4x2 ) 2 + 6 + 4x − 4x2
12 8
7 2x − 1
+ sin−1 √ +C
8 7
Example 6.4.4 R√
Using the tables of integrals, evaluate: e2x − 1dx.
Solution.
du
Using the substitution u = ex we find du = ex dx = udx so that dx = u .
Hence, using this substitution and formula (41), we find
Z √ 2
u −1
Z p
e2x − 1dx = du
u
p
2 −1 1
= u − 1 − cos +C
ex
p
= e2x − 1 − cos−1 (e−x ) + C
Example 6.4.5
3
Find tan x(1/x)
R
2 dx.
2
Solution.
Using the substitution u = x1 and formula (69), we find
tan3 (1/x)
Z Z
dx = − tan3 udu
x2
1
= − tan2 u − ln | cos u| + C
2
1
= − tan2 (1/x) − ln | cos (1/x)| + C
2
Example 6.4.6 (Completing the square)
1
R
Find x2 +4x+5 dx.
Solution.
Completing the square we find x2 + 4x + 5 = (x + 2)2 + 1. Now, letting
u = x + 2 we can write
Z Z
1 1
2
dx = 2
du.
x + 4x + 5 u +1
Finally, using formula (17) with a = 1 we find
Z Z
1 1
2
dx = 2
du = arctan u + C = arctan (x + 2) + C
x + 4x + 5 u +1
Example R6.4.7
4
Evaluate: √xx10 −1 dx.
Solution.
Using the substitution u = x5 and formula (43), we find
x4
Z Z
du
√ dx = √ du
10
x −1 u2 − 1
p
= ln |u + u2 − 1| + C
p
= ln |x5 + x10 − 1| + C
Solution.
Let u = 2x2 . Then du = 4xdx so that
Z Z
2x2 2 1
xe cos (2x )dx = eu cos udu.
4
3
Now, applying formula (99) to the last integral, with a = 1 and b = 1, we
find Z
1
eu cos udu = eu (cos u + sin u) + C.
2
Hence,
Z
2 1 2
xe2x cos (2x2 )dx = e2x (cos (2x2 ) + sin (2x2 )) + C
8