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Tata Consultancy Services

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Tata Consultancy Services Limited

Type Public

 BSE: 532540
Traded as
 NSE: TCS
 BSE SENSEX Constituent
 CNX Nifty Constituent

Industry IT services, IT consulting

Founded 1968; 51 years ago

Founder  JRD Tata


 F. C. Kohli

Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Area served Worldwide

Key people Natarajan Chandrasekaran


(Chairman)

Rajesh Gopinathan
(MD & CEO)

Services IT, business


consulting and outsourcing services

Revenue US$19.08 billion (2018)[1]

Operating income US$4.73 billion (2018)[1]

Net income US$4.00 billion (2018)[1]

Total assets US$16.66 billion (2018)[1]

Total equity US$13.41 billion (2018)[1]


Number of 417,929 (December 2018)[1]
employees

Parent Tata Group

Subsidiaries  TCS China


 TRDDC

Website www.tcs.com

Footnotes / references
[1]

Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) is an Indian multinational information


technology (IT) service, consulting company headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.[2][3] It is part
of the Tata Group and operates in 46 countries.[4]
TCS is one of the largest Indian companies by market capitalization.[5][6] TCS is now placed
among the most valuable IT services brands worldwide.[7] In 2015, TCS is ranked 64th overall in
the Forbes World's Most Innovative Companies ranking, making it both the highest-ranked IT
services company and the top Indian company.[8] It is the world's 2nd largest IT services
provider.[9] As of 2017, it is ranked 10th on the Fortune India 500 list. In April 2018, TCS became
the first Indian IT company to breach $100 billion market capitalization,[10] and second Indian
company ever (after Reliance Industries achieved it in 2007)[11] after its m-cap stood at Rs
6,79,332.81 crore ($102.6 billion) in Bombay Stock Exchange.[12][13][14]
In 2016-2017, Parent company Tata Sons owned 70% of TCS;[15] and more than 70% of Tata
Sons' dividends were generated by TCS.[16] In March 2018, Tata Sons decided to sell stocks of
TCS worth $1.25 billion in a bulk deal.[17]

Contents

 1History
o 1.11968-2004
o 1.22000 to present
o 1.3Acquisitions
 2Products and services
o 2.1Service lines
 3Operations
o 3.1Locations
o 3.2TCS BPS
o 3.3Tata Research Development and Design Centre
o 3.4Innovation Labs
 4Employees
 5Sponsorships
 6Controversies
o 6.1Class action lawsuit
o 6.2Accusations of discrimination
 7See also
 8References
 9External links

History[edit]
1968-2004[edit]
TCS Limited was founded in 1968 by division of Tata Sons Limited.[18] Its early contracts
included punched card services to sister company TISCO (now Tata Steel), working on an Inter-
Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India,[19] and providing bureau services
to Unit Trust of India.
In 1975, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for
the Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle (deutsch); it also developed System X for the Canadian
Depository System and automated the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.[20] It associated with a
Swiss partner, TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.[21]
In 1980, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development centre, the
Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune.[22] In 1981, it established
India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre, set up for clients Tandem. TCS later
(1993) partnered with Canada-based software factory Integrity Software Corp, which TCS later
acquired.
In anticipation of the Y2K bug and the launch of a unified European currency (Euro), Tata
Consultancy Services created the factory model for Y2K conversion and developed software
tools which automated the conversion process and enabled third-party developer and client
implementation.[23] Towards the end of 1999, TCS decided to offer Decision Support System
(DSS) in the domestic market under its Corporate Vice President and Transformation Head
Subbu Iyer.[24]
2000 to present[edit]
On 25 August 2004, TCS became a Publicly Listed Company.[25][26]
In 2005, TCS became the first India-based IT services company to enter
the bioinformatics market.[27] In 2006, it designed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering
and Tourism Corporation.[28] By 2008, its e-business activities were generating over US$500
million in annual revenues.[29][30]
TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market for the first time in 2011, with cloud-
based offerings.[31] On the last trading day of 2011, it overtook RIL to achieve the highest market
capitalisation of any India-based company.[32] In the 2011/12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual
revenues of over US$10 billion for the first time.[33]
In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract worth over ₹ 1100 crores to provide services
to the Indian Department of Posts.[34] In 2013, the firm moved from the 13th position to 10th
position in the League of top 10 global IT services companies[35] and in July 2014, it became the
first Indian company with over Rs 5 lakh crore market capitalization.[36][37]
In Jan 2015, TCS ends RIL's 23-year run as most profitable firm[38]
In Jan 2017, the company announced a partnership with Aurus, Inc., a payments technology
company, to deliver payment solutions for retailers using TCS OmniStore, a first of its kind
unified store commerce platform.[39] In the same year, TCS China was associated as a joint
venture with the Chinese government.[40]
TCS announced its FY19 Q3 results posting 24 percent year-on-year (YoY) rise in profit at Rs
8,105 crore.[41] The stock plunged 2.5 percent intra-day as brokerages cut price target.[42]
Acquisitions[edit]
Employe
Count es
Acquisiti Activiti Pric Referen
Name ry of (at Notes
on date es e ce
HQ acquisiti
on)

Gets
Embedded
Expertise &
good
Domestic
customer
CMC 2001 IT $33.9 [43][44][45]
IND 3,102 reach.
Limited October Services m
CMC
Amalgamat
ed with
TCS on 28
April
2015.[1]

Airline
BPO
Financial
expertise in
Support 2004 [46][47]
BPO IND $5.1 m 400 Airline and
Services January
Hospitality
India (AFSI
sector
)

Aviation
Software
Developmen
IT
t 2004 March IND $3.1 m 180
Services
Consultancy
India(ASDC
)

Acquire
Business
Phoenix expertise in
Process $130 [48][49]
Global 2004 May IND 400 insurance-
Outsourci m
Solutions domain
ng
consulting

Acquire
Swedish blue-chip
Indian IT European
IT SW [50][51]
Resources 2005 May $4.8 m n/a customers
Services E
AB (SITAR like
) Ericsson,
IKEA,
Vattenfall
Employe
Count es
Acquisiti Activiti Pric Referen
Name ry of (at Notes
on date es e ce
HQ acquisiti
on)

and
Hutchison;
SITAR was
TCS’
exclusive
partner in
Sweden and
a non-
exclusive
partner in
Norway.

Acquired
life and
pension
outsourcing
business
from Pearl
2005 $94.7 [52][53]
Pearl Group Insurance UK 950 Group;
October m
Domain
knowledge
of life and
pension
underwritin
g business.

TCS
acquired
core
banking
solution
product
Financial (BANCS)
Core
Network 2005 and access [54][55]
Banking AU $26 m 190
Services (F October to 116
Product
NS) customers
in 35
countries;
FNS was an
existing
partner for
TCS.
Employe
Count es
Acquisiti Activiti Pric Referen
Name ry of (at Notes
on date es e ce
HQ acquisiti
on)

Entry into
Latin
America;
2005 Banking CH [56][57]
Comicrom $23 m 1,257 Access to
November BPO L payment
processing
platform.

The merger
of Tata
Infotech
Tata 2006 IT $259.2 [58][59][60]
IND 3,600 added 15
Infotech February Services m
new
Fortune 500
clients.

TCS Access to
2006 IT [61][62]
Managemen AU $13 m 35 Australian
November Services
t clients

Expand
product
portfolio by
acquiring
rights to
Quartz and
TKS- 2006 Banking $80.4 ownership [63]
CH 115
Teknosoft November Product m of Alpha
and e-
portfolio,
enhanced
presence in
Switzerland
and France

TCS
acquired
Citigroup Captive
key
Global 2008 BPO $512 [64][65]
IND 12,472 Banking
Services December of Citigro m
and
Limited up Inc.
Financial
Services
(BFS)
Employe
Count es
Acquisiti Activiti Pric Referen
Name ry of (at Notes
on date es e ce
HQ acquisiti
on)

domain
knowledge.

TCS had a
deal with
Supervalu
Captive to have
IT/BPO their
Supervalu
2010 unit of $100 Software [66]
Services IND 600
September Supervalu m Outsourcin
India
Inc. in g to TCS
India and
acquired
Supervalu
India.

Acquire
expertise in
High
High
Computatio Performanc
Performan
nal 2012 e [67][68]
ce IND $34 m 80
Research August Computing
Computin
Laboratories (HPC)
g
applications
and Cloud
services

Access to
blue-chip
French and
European
clients in
IT $97.5 [69]
Alti SA 2013 April FRA Mn 1200 banking,
Services
luxury,
manufacturi
ng and
utilities
sectors

Products and services[edit]


TCS and its 67 subsidiaries[70] provide a wide range of information technology-related products
and services including application development, business process outsourcing, capacity
planning, consulting, enterprise software, hardware sizing, payment processing, software
management and technology education services.[71] The firm's established software products
are TCS BaNCS and TCS MasterCraft.[72]
Service lines[edit]
TCS' services are currently organised into the following service lines (percentage of total TCS
revenues in the 2012-13 fiscal year generated by each respective service line is shown in
parentheses):

 Application development and maintenance (43.80%) value;


 Asset leverage solutions[clarification needed] (2.70%);
 Assurance services (7.70%);
 Business process outsourcing (12.50%);
 Consulting (2.00%);
 Engineering and Industrial services (4.60%);
 Enterprise solution (15.21%); and
 IT infrastructure services (11.50%).[71]

Operations[edit]
TCS has 284 offices across 46 countries and 147 delivery centers in 21 countries.[4] At the same
date TCS had a total of 58 subsidiary companies.[71]
Locations[edit]
TCS has operations in the following locations:
India: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Baroda, Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Gandhinaga
r, Goa, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Bhopal, Indore, Jamshedpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow,
Mumbai, Nagpur, Noida, Nashik, Patna, Pune, Trivandrum and Varanasi
Africa: South Africa, Morocco (closed)[73][74]
Asia (excluding India): Bahrain, China, Israel, UAE, Hong
Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South
Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Qatar[75][76][77]
Oceania: Australia
Europe: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Unit
ed Kingdom.
North America: Canada, Mexico and United States.
South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay.[78]

Tata Consultancy Services campus in Hyderabad, India


The Tata Consultancy Services campus in Lucknow

Tata Consultancy Services on Grosvenor Square, London

TCS siruseri, Chennai


TCS BPS[edit]
TCS BPS (Business Process Services) is the third-largest India-based IT outsourcing company
(after Capgemini).[79] The BPS division had revenues of US$1.44 billion in the FY 2012-13 which
was 12.5% of the total revenue of TCS.[80] TCS BPS has more than 45,000 employees which
serve over 225 million customers across 11 countries.[81] The rate of attrition in BPS division
during the financial year 2012-13 was 19.5%.[82]
In 2006, TCS won a $35 million contract from Eli Lilly and Company for providing data
management, biostatistics and medical writing services.[83][84] In 2007, it won a major multi-year
deal from Swiss pharmaceutical major Hoffmann-La Roche to provide data
management, biostatistics, clinical programming and drug safety support to Hoffmann-La
Roche's global pharmaceutical development efforts.[85][86][87]
The firm has also opened a business process outsourcing facility in the Philippines.[88]
Tata Research Development and Design Centre[edit]
Main article: Tata Research Development and Design Centre
TCS established the first software research center in India, the Tata Research Development and
Design Centre, in Pune, India in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Software
engineering, Process engineering and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also
developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitization and optimization tools)[89] a Model Driven
Development software that can automatically create code based on a model of a software, and
rewrite the code based on the user's needs.[90] Research at TRDDC has also resulted in the
development of Sujal, a low-cost water purifier that can be manufactured using locally available
resources. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in the Indian Ocean tsunami disaster of 2004
as part of its relief activities.[91] This product has been marketed in India as Tata swach, a low
cost water purifier.[92]
Innovation Labs[edit]
In 2007, TCS launched its co-innovation network, a network of innovation labs, start up alliances,
university research departments, and venture capitalists.[93][94] In addition, TCS has 19 innovation
labs based in three countries.[95] TCS' partners include Collabnet, Cassatt, academic institutions
such as IITs, Stanford, MIT, Carnegie Mellon and venture capitalists like Sequoia and Kleiner
Perkins.[96]

Employees[edit]
TCS is one of the biggest and the largest private sector employers in India,[97] and the fourth-
largest employer among listed Indian companies (after Indian Railways, Indian Army and India
Post).[98] TCS had a total of 400,875 employees as of September 2018, of which 31% were
women.[71][99][100][101] The number of non-Indian nationals was 21,282 as at 31 March 2013
(7.7%).[71][102] The employee costs for the FY 2012-13 were US$4.38 billion, which was approx.
38% of the total revenue of the company for that period.[1] In the fiscal year 2012-13, TCS
recruited a total of 69,728 new staff, of whom 59,276 were based in India and 10,452 were based
in the rest of the world.[71] In the same period, the rate of attrition was 10.6%.[71] The average age
of a TCS employee is 28 years.[71] The employee utilisation rate, excluding trainees, for the FY
2012-13 was 82%.[71] TCS was the fifth-largest United States visa recipient in 2008
(after Infosys, CTS, Wipro and Mahindra Satyam).[103][104][105] In 2012, the Tata group companies,
including TCS, were the second largest recipient of H-1B visas.[106][107] As of June 2017, TCS has
over 387,000+ employees. It is world's third largest IT employer behind IBM and HP.
Subramaniam Ramadorai, former CEO of TCS, has written an autobiographical book about his
experiences in the company called The TCS Story...and Beyond.[108]

Sponsorships[edit]
TCS is the title sponsor for Amsterdam Marathon and New York City Marathon[109] and one of the
sponsors of Berlin Marathon, Chicago Marathon, Boston Marathon, Mumbai Marathon.[110] In
India, it is the title sponsor of World 10K held in Bangalore every year.[111] TCS is a sponsor
of Indian Premier League team Rajasthan Royals since 2009.[112] In addition, TCS provides
Rajasthan Royals with technology to help in analysis of player performance, simulation and use
of RFID tags for tracking the players’ fitness levels and for security purposes in the
stadiums.[113][114] TCS sponsors an annual IT quiz for high school students called TCS IT
Wiz.[115] The TCS IT Wiz is the largest quiz in India, attracting students who are studying between
class 8 and class 12. This quiz is hosted by Mr. Giri Balasubramanium.

Controversies[edit]
Class action lawsuit[edit]
On 14 February 2006, U.S. law firm Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP filed a nationwide
class action lawsuit against Tata.[116] In July 2013, judge Claudia Wilken of the U.S. District Court,
Northern District of California in Oakland, California, granted final approval to the settlement of
the lawsuit on behalf of all non-U.S. citizens employed by TCS within the state of California from
14 February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers claimed that they were forced to sign over their
federal and state tax refunds to their employer, as well as stating their Indian salaries were
wrongfully deducted from their U.S. pay.[117] On 22 February 2013, the Company entered into an
agreement to settle for a sum of INR 16,163 lakhs ($29.75 million), this class action suit filed in a
United States Court relating to payment to employees on deputation.[71]
Charleston County in South Carolina sued Tata Consultancy Services for delivering botched
software. TCS won the contract to create an online tax system (digiTax) for $1.2 million. The
system was supposed to go live in July 2004 but was plagued by several delays. The software
was rejected by Charleston County during user acceptance testing where it failed to meet even
the basic requirements. County sued Tata and it agreed to pay back $1 million in out of court
settlement. Charleston County finally bought an off-the-shelf solution.[118]
A US grand jury has slapped two companies of India's Tata group - Tata Consultancy Services
and Tata America International Corp - with a USD 940 million fine in a trade secret lawsuit filed
against them. Epic Systems had accused TCS and Tata America International Corp, in a lawsuit
filed in October, 2014 in US District Court in Madison which was amended in January and
December 2015, of "brazenly stealing the trade secrets, confidential information, documents and
data" belonging to Epic.[119] This Epic Systems lawsuit against TCS was closed and settled with
an undisclosed out of court agreement that was completed in January, 2018.
A Federal class action lawsuit accusing Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. of bias against U.S.-born
workers could be heard by the Court during a Jury Trial starting in November 2018. The US
Federal Court Case in Northern District of California (Buchanan v. Tata Consultancy Servs., Ltd.,
4:15-cv-01696) is one of seven across the USA asserting that several large off-shore and
national IT staffing companies with operations in the US, prefer foreign workers from South Asia
over qualified Americans. All of the companies being sued are heavy users of H-1B guestworker
visas, which go to skilled professionals in “specialty occupations.” The US Federal District Court
Case 15-cv-01696-YGR seeks to consolidate these lawsuits against TCS and several other IT
staffing companies into a class action trial and is allowed by the Federal District Court to proceed
(but not yet certified) with a possible November 2018 Jury Trial.
Accusations of discrimination[edit]
In May 2013, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), in its extensive coverage of the
hiring of temporary foreign workers in Canada and the unemployment issues faced by
Canadians, reported that TCS rarely hires skilled experienced Canadians at the Toronto offices
while advertising open positions in Canada. TCS responded that the company hired more than
125 Canadian workers in 2013 who make less than 1.2% of the 10,452 workers the company
has outside of India.[71][120]
In April 2015, a class-action lawsuit against TCS was filed in a San Francisco federal court by a
U.S. information technology worker and ex-employee, who accused the company of
discriminating against American workers by favoring South Asians in hiring and promotion. The
lawsuit claimed that South Asians comprise 95% of the company's 14,000-person U.S.
workforce, and that TCS engaged in discriminatory practices by sourcing most of its workforce
through the H-1B visa programme, by focusing its U.S.-based hiring disproportionately on South
Asians and by favoring South Asian employees in its human resources practices. In response,
TCS refuted the plaintiff's claims, assuring that it is an equal opportunity employer and bases its
employment practices on non-discriminatory reasons. A spokesperson said that in 2014 alone
the company had recruited over 2,600 U.S. hires.[121]

See also[edit]
 List of public corporations by market capitalization
 List of IT consulting firms
 List of Indian IT companies
 List of companies of India

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