Portal

Frames
[Ref: SCI_P397-Steel Portal Frame Buildings to Eurocode 3]

Typical Portal Frame

• A span between 15 m and 50 m

• A clear height (from the top of the floor to the underside of
the haunch) between 5 and 15 m
• A roof pitch between 5° and 10° (6° is commonly adopted)
• A frame spacing between 6 m and 8 m
• Haunches in the rafters at the eaves
• The second moment of area (Iyy) of the columns is typically
50% larger than that of the rafters.
• Thin gauge (light steel) cold rolled steel purlins and side rails
• Light steel diagonal restraints from some purlins and side
rails, to restrain the inside flange of the frame at certain
locations.
 Haunch of this length generally
means that the hogging moment at
the end of the haunch is
approximately equal to the largest
sagging moment close to the apex.

The depth of haunch below the

rafter is approximately equal to the
depth of the rafter section.

At the Eaves
Eaves Connection:
• Top bolts designed for tension
• Bottom bolts for shear
• Column web compression
stiffener plate is required at the
bottom of haunch
• Web stiffener may also be
required at top for moment
reversal(under wind uplift)

Apex Connection:
• Haunch usually small and short
• Under gravity loads bottom bolts
take tension

At the Apex

Typical restraint to
inner flange.
Nominally pinned bases: Bolts within the web for larger columns but extend
beyond the column flanges for smaller sections (<350mm deep).
Resistance of
horizontal
forces at
column bases.
Vertical Bracing:
Longitudinal Stability using Portalised Bracing:

Roof Bracing
Preliminary Analysis:
 Table A.1 Preliminary sizes of columns and rafters for symmetrical single-span portal frame with 6° roof pitch (S355 steel)

110
DESIGN SPAN OF FRAME (m)
EAVES
LOAD ON

HEIGHT

RAFTER


(m) 15 20 25 30 35 40


(kN/m)




Rafter 8 6 254u102u22 UKB 254u146u31 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 356u171u67 UKB
8 8 254u102u22 UKB 254u146u31 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u51 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u67 UKB
8 10 254u102u22 UKB 254u146u31 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u51 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u67 UKB
8 12 * 254u146u31 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u51 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u67 UKB
Restrained 8 6 305u165u40 UKB 305u165u46 UKB 406u178u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB
column 8 8 305u165u40 UKB 305u165u46 UKB 406u178u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u113 UKB
8 10 305u165u40 UKB 305u165u54 UKB 406u178u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB
8 12 * 305u165u54 UKB 406u178u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB
Unrestrained 8 6 305x165x46 UKB 457u191u67 UKB 533u210u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB
column 8 8 406u178u60 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 610u229u101 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 686u254u125 UKB 762u267u147 UKB
8 10 406u178u67 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 762u267u147 UKB 610u305u149 UKB
8 12 * 610u229u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 762u267u147 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u194 UKB
Rafter 10 6 254u102u25 UKB 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB
10 8 254u102u25 UKB 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 457u191u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB
10 10 254u102u25 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 457u191u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB
10 12 * 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u67 UKB 533u210u82 UKB
Restrained 10 6 305u165u40 UKB 406u178u60 UKB 406u178u74 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB
column 10 8 305u165u40 UKB 406u178u60 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB
10 10 305u165u40 UKB 406u178u60 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u140 UKB
10 12 * 406u178u60 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 610u229u140 UKB
Unrestrained 10 6 406u178u54 UKB 457u191u74 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 610u229u125 UKB
column 10 8 457u191u67 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 686u254u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB
10 10 457u191u74 UKB 610u229u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 762u267u147 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u194 UKB
10 12 * 610u229u113 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u194 UKB 914u305u224 UKB
Rafter 12 6 254u102u28 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u51 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u82 UKB
12 8 254u102u28 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u51 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u82 UKB
12 10 254u102u28 UKB 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u51 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB
12 12 * 356u127u39 UKB 356u171u51 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB
Restrained 12 6 305u165u40 UKB 406u178u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 610u229u140 UKB
column 12 8 305u165u40 UKB 406u178u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB
12 10 305u165u46 UKB 406u178u67 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB
12 12 * 406u178u67 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB
Unrestrained 12 6 406u178u60 UKB 533u210u82 UKB 610u229u101 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB
column 12 8 457u191u74 UKB 610u229u101 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u176 UKB
12 10 457u191u82 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u194 UKB 914u305u224 UKB
12 12 * 610u229u125 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 836u292u176 UKB 914u305u224 UKB 914u305u253 UKB
 Table A.1 Preliminary sizes of columns and rafters for symmetrical single-span portal frame with 6° roof pitch (S355 steel) (continued)

DESIGN SPAN OF FRAME (m)

EAVES
LOAD ON
HEIGHT
RAFTER
(m) 15 20 25 30 35 40
(kN/m)
Rafter 14 6 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 457u191u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB
14 8 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 457u191u674 UKB 533u210u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB
14 10 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 457u191u67 UKB 533u210u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB
14 12 * 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u57 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u82 UKB 610u229u101 UKB
Restrained 14 6 305u165u46 UKB 406u178u74 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u140 UKB 686u254u140 UKB
column 14 8 305u165u54 UKB 406u178u74 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u140 UKB 686u254u170 UKB
14 10 305u165u54 UKB 406u178u74 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 610u229u140 UKB 686u254u170 UKB
14 12 * 406u178u74 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 686u254u170 UKB
Unrestrained 14 6 457u191u67 UKB 533u210u82 UKB 610u229u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 610u229u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB
column 14 8 457u191u82 UKB 610u229u101 UKB 686u254u125 UKB 762u267u147 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u176 UKB
14 10 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 762u267u147 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u194 UKB 914u305u224 UKB
14 12 * 686u254u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u194 UKB 914u305u224 UKB 914u305u289 UKB
Rafter 16 6 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u82 UKB 610u229u101 UKB
16 8 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u101 UKB
16 10 254u146u31 UKB 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u101 UKB
16 12 * 356u171u45 UKB 356u171u67 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB
Restrained 16 6 305u165u54 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 686u254u170 UKB
column 16 8 305u165u54 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 762u267u173 UKB
16 10 406u178u60 UKB 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u170 UKB 762u267u173 UKB
16 12 * 457u191u82 UKB 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u170 UKB 838u292u176 UKB
Unrestrained 16 6 457u191u67 UKB 533u210u92 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB
column 16 8 457u191u82 UKB 610u229u113 UKB 686u254u140 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u176 UKB 838u292u194 UKB
16 10 533u210u101 UKB 610u229u125 UKB 610u305u149 UKB 838u292u194 UKB 914u305u224 UKB 914u305u253 UKB
16 12 * 686u254u140 UKB 838u292u176 UKB 914u305u224 UKB 914u305u253 UKB 914u305u289 UKB

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