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Assessment of MI (Myocardial
Myocardial Infarction)
Infarction
Risk Factors Among Post
Post-MI
Yadav A1, Sharma R K2, Prakash K3, Pugazhendi S4
1
M.Sc. Nursing, 2Associate Professor
Professor, 3Vice Principal, 4Dean Faculty off Nursing
Himalayan College of Nursing
Nursing, SRHU, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand,
Uttarakhand India
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION
Introduction: The identification of risk factors is The incidence of MI in the world varies greatly. More
important to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction. than 80% of the cardiovascular diseases occur in the
Material and Methods: A quantitative non non- developing countries. An Indian Population shows a
experimental research study was conducted to assess lack of awareness relating to risk factors of heart
the risk level & various risk factors of MI among the diseases.
es. By identifying risk factors, the
th risk of MI
post-MI
MI patients, and to find the association of risk can be identified and by the help of which further
level of MI with socio-demographic
demographic variables of post
post- variations in the lifestyle practices will be made
ma that
1
MI patients. Seventy post-myocardial
myocardial infarction can reduce the risk of MI.
patients were selected as sample that was selected by
purposive sampling technique from a tertiary care Globally, about 17.5 million of the deaths in 2012
hospital in Dehradun. The data were collected by occurred due to the cardio vascular diseases. Majority
using self-reported
reported risk assessment tool. Results: The (75%) of these deaths occurred in the developing
study results shows that the majority 69 (98.6%) of countries where the mortality rate from the coronary
the study participants were with the diagnosis of CAD heart diseases es is rapidly declining; but it is
with MI. The majority 64 (91.4%) of the study continuously increasing in the developing countries.
participants had not attended any educational This type of increase is made due to the urbanization,
programme on CAD/Heart disease prevention. The industrialization, and the related lifestyle variations,
study results shows that majority 58 (82.86%) of known as epidemiological transition.2
participants were having moderate risk of MI. As per
this study the risk factors which were identified for MATERIAL AND METHODS
MI weree like male with 41 to 60 years, weight more A non-experimental
experimental quantitative research study was
than ideal weight, smoking habits, stress, eating conducted to assess the level of risk and the risk
sweet diets, personality type-A,
A, no regular exercise factors of MI among the post--MI patients, and to find
and Diabetes mellitus. The association of MI risk the association of MI risk level with the socio-
level with the co-morbidity
morbidity (including diabetes, demographic variables of post-MI
post patients. The total
hypertension
sion or both) was statistically significant at 70 samples were selected for the final study by using
the level of 0.05 significance. Conclusion: It is purposive sampling technique from the tertiary care
concluded that the people after the MI attack had hospital in Dehradun. After
fter taking the written consent
moderate and severe risk of developing MI. from each study participant, the self-reported risk
assessment tool (r=0.89) was used to collect the data
Key Words: Risk factors, Myocardial Infarction, regarding the risk of Myocardial Infarction among the
Awareness, Lifestyle practices,, Modified Lifestyle post-MI patients. The Data for the final analysis were
Practices, Post-Myocardial infarction analyzed by using SPSS software program version
17.00.
0 20 40 60 80 100
Diagram no. 1
The bar diagram no. 1 shows that majority 58 (82.86%) of participants were having moderate risk of MI.
Hence, all the study participants already had MI attack. So, the pre
pre-MI
MI risk shows that all the participants either
on moderate risk or on high risk got the MI attack
0 20 40 60 80 100
Diagram no. 2
4. Association between Risk Assessment score for MI and selected socio socio- demographic variables.
N=70
Below At &
S. Chi- p-
Variables Median Above df Significance
No. square value
(< 39) Median (> 39)
Co-morbidity :
• No 18 6
1.
Yes (including hypertension, 13 33 13.964 1 0.0001 Sig
T2 diabetes mellitus, and both)
Table no. 3
The table no. 3 shows that there was statistically significant association between the level of risk of MI and the
co-morbidity
morbidity at the level of 0.05 significance.