1.

Bail- An amount of money specified by a judge to be posted as a condition for pre-trial release for the
purpose of ensuring the appearance of the accused in court as required.
2. Classification- A method by which diagnostic treatment, planning and execution of treatment program
are coordinated in the individual case.
3. Commitment- Q The entrusting for confinement of an offender to a jail by the competent court or
authority for investigation, trial and/or service of sentence.
4. Contraband- anything that is contrary to prison/jail rules and regulation.
5. Control- Involves supervision of prisoners to ensure punctual and orderly movement from one place
work program or assignment to another.
6. Corporal Punishment- Punishment inflicted on the body of the offender with the whips or the other devices
that causes pain.
7. Corrections- branch of the administration of criminal justice charge with the responsibility for the custody,
supervision and rehabilitation of convicted offender
8. Custody- The guarding or penal safekeeping. It involves security measures to insure security and control
within the prison. The Prison Custodial Division carries it out.
9. Delayed sentence- procedure that permits a jail prisoner to pursue his normal job during the week and
return to the jail to serve his sentence during the weekend or non-working hours.
10. Detention Prisoner- a person who is detained for the violation of law or ordinance and has yet been
convicted.
11. Determinate Sentence- A sentence of a fixed period of incarceration imposed by a court. This type
of sentence is associated with the concept or retribution or deserved punishment.
12. Deterrence- Punishment gives lesson to the offender by showing to others what would happen to
them if they violate the law. Punishment is imposed to warn potential offenders that they cannot afford to
do what the offender has done.
13. Deterrence- theory in penal science which maintains that punishment gives lesson to the offender.
14. Diagnosis- a procedure of classification wherein the prisoner’s case history is taken and his
personality studied. Through examination and observations, the RDC’s staff determines the nature and
extent of the person’s criminality and the extent to which he may be rehabilitated.
15. Disciplinary Board-this refers to the board is organized and maintained in local jails for the purpose
of hearing disciplinary cases involving violation of jail rules and regulations by the inmates
16. Diversification- an administrative device of correctional institutions of providing varied and
flexible types of physical plants for the more effective central control of the treatment programs of its
diversified population.
17. Fine- the system of money compensation in which harm could be atoned for by a money payment
to the injured party.
18. Good conduct time allowance- Refers to a reduction of time to be served in correctional
institutions awarded at the discretion of correctional officials to inmates whose behavior conforms to the
rules or whose activities deserve to be rewarded.
19. Hands off policy- A judicial policy of noninterference in the internal administration of prisons.
20. Humanitarian aspect- Placing a person to custodial coercion is to place him into physical jeopardy,
thus drastically narrowing his access to sources of personal satisfaction and reducing his self – esteem.
21. Imprisonment- Q The putting of offenders in prison for the purpose of protecting the public
and the same time rehabilitating them by requiring the latter to undergo institutional treatment program.
22. Indeterminate Sentence- A period of incarceration set by a judge as a minimum term that must be
served before a decision on parole eligibility is made and a maximum term at the conclusion of which
 the sentence has been completed. This type of sentence is closely associated with the rehabilitation
concept, which holds that the time necessary for treatment cannot be predetermined.
23. Inmate Code- A set of rules of conduct that reflect the values and norms of the prison system and
help to define for inmates the characteristics associated with the model prisoner.
24. Instrument for Restraint- mechanical device or contrivance, tools or implement used to hold back,
keep, check or control a prisoners.
25. Jail- A place for locking-up persons who are convicted of minor offenses or felonies who are to
serve a short sentences impose upon them by the competent court, or for confinement of persons who are
awaiting trial or investigation of their cases.
26. Just Desert Model- A model of the criminal sanction that emphasizes deserved punishment;
criminals should be punished because they have infringed the rights of others; the severity of the
sanction should fit the seriousness of the crime.
27. Lex Talionis- Law of retaliation; the principle that punishment corresponds in degree and kind
with the offense, as an eye for an eye or tooth for a tooth.
28. Mandatory Release- The required release of an inmate form incarceration upon the expiration of
a certain time period, as stipulated by a determinate sentencing law or parole guidelines.
29. Mandatory Sentence- A sentence required by statute to be imposed and executed upon certain
offender.
30. Marked System-introduced by Alexander Mochanochie, that in the history of correction, thinkers
during the reformatory movement were the major influences of today’s correctional system.
31. Maximum Security Prisoners- group of prisoners whose movements are restricted and they are not
allowed to work outside the institution but rather assigned to industrial shops within the prison compound.
32. Medical model-this model underscores the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by
biological or psychological conditions that require treatment.
33. Medium Security Prisoners- Those who cannot be trusted in open conditions and pose lesser
danger than maximum-security prisoners in case they escape.
34. Mittimus-this warrant is issued by the court bearing its seal and signature of the judge directing
the jail or prison authorities to receive the convicted offender for service of sentence or detention.
35. Monotony- an early form of prison discipline by giving the prisoner with food that is “off” diet, or
requiring the prisoners to perform drab or boring daily routine.
36. Neighborhood technique-this technique is used to discover and put into service other sources in
the community in order to supplement the effort of the probation officer.
37. Penal Management- the manner or practice of managing or controlling places of confinement as
in jails or prisons.
38. Penalty- the suffering inflicted by the state against an offending member for the transgression of
law
39. Penology- study of jail/prison management and administration as well as rehabilitation and
reformation of prisoners.
40. Personal Vengeance- Retaliation is the earliest remedy for a wrong act to any one (in the primitive
society). The concept follows that the victim’s hence “blood feuds” was accepted in the early primitive
societies.
41. Preventive Discipline- The prompt correction of minor deviations committed by prisoners before
they become serious violations.
42. Prison Education- This is the cornerstone of rehabilitation. It is the process or result of formal
training in school or classrooms intended to shape the mind and attitude of prisoners towards good living
upon their release.
43. Punishment- redress that the state takes against an offending member of society that usually
involves pain and suffering. It is also the penalty imposed on an offender for a crime or wrongdoing.
44. Re-classification - Q The treatment program is kept current with the inmates changing needs and
with new analysis, based on any information not available at the time of the initial classification committee
meeting of the inmate’s case, which continues form the time of the first classification until the inmates is
released.
45. Reprieved- refers to the temporary stay in the execution of sentence.
46. Retribution- The punishment should be provided by the state whose sanction is violated, to afford
the society or individual the opportunity of imposing upon the offender suitable punishment as might be
enforced. Offenders should be punished because they deserve it.
47. Security- It involves safety measures to maintain orderliness and discipline within the jail or
prison.
48. Sentenced Prisoners- Offenders who are committed to the jail or prison in order to serve their
sentence after final conviction by any competent court.
49. Special Offenders- includes women offenders, drug addicts, alcoholics, mentally ill persons, and
sex deviates.
50. Work Programs- These are programs conducive to change behavior in morale by training prisoners
for a useful education. It is purposely to eliminate idleness on the part of prisoners, which may contribute
to “Prison stupor”, and it affects the incidence of Prison riot.