MECHANICS ELEC1203

PROBLEM SHEET 4 (Stress and Strain Transformations)

1. For the engineering component shown below, determine the normal and shear stresses at the point
shown. Sketch an element showing the magnitude and sense of the stresses on each face
Answer. 𝜎𝜃 = 200 × 106 Nm−2 , 𝜎𝑧 = 100 × 106 Nm−2 .

p = 3MNm -2

r = 1m, t = 15mm

2. For the elements shown below, calculate the stress components on the inclined planes shown.

a) 120 b) 20 c) 150

40 -60 50

40 -60 50
o
60
180 o
30 180 200 200 100 100
o
45
-60
40 50

40 -60 50

120 20 150

Stresses in MNm -2

𝜎𝑛 = 199.6 MNm−2 𝜎𝑛 = 150 MNm−2 𝜎𝑛 = −180.8 MNm−2

Answer.
𝜏𝑠 = 5.98 MNm−2 𝜏𝑠 = 110 MNm−2 𝜏𝑠 = 3.35 MNm−2

3. For each of the stress systems in Problem 2, construct the Mohr’s stress circle and check the above
solutions.

4. A state of two dimension strain is 𝜖𝑥 = 0.0007, 𝜖𝑦 = −0.0006, 𝛾𝑥𝑦 = 𝛾𝑦𝑥 = 0.0003. Calculate
the principal strains in magnitude and direction and check the results using the Mohr’s strain circle
construction.
Answer. 𝜖1 = 717𝜇𝜖 ; 𝜖2 = −617𝜇𝜖 ; 𝜙1 = 6.5∘ ; 𝜙2 = 96.5∘ .
5. A thin walled aluminium alloy pressure vessel of 200 mm diameter and 3 mm wall thickness is
subjected to an internal pressure of 6 MNm−2 . Strain gauges which are bonded to the outer surface
in the hoop and axial directions give strain readings of 0.00243 and 0.00057 respectively. Determine
Young’s modulus 𝐸, Poisson’s ratio 𝜈 and shear modulus 𝐺.
Answer. 𝐸 = 69.93 × 109 Nm−2 ; 𝜈 = 0.3 ; 𝐺 = 26.9 × 109 Nm−2 .