DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF BRAKE DRUM WITH

ENERGY RECOVERY MECHANISM

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

KULDIP TADHANI (150305109255)

HARESH SOLANKI (150305109250)
RAVI TADHANI (150305109256)
KAUSHIK VADADORIYA (150305109267)

In fulfilment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Under the Guidance of

SHETUL PARMAR
Assistant Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
Parul Institute of Technology

Parul University, Vadodara

2018-19

PARUL UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PARUL UNIVERSITY
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Project-II -Subject code __________ of 8th Semester entitled
“PROJECT TITLE” of Group No._________ has been successfully completed by

KULDIP TADHANI - (150305109255)

HARESH SOLANKI- (150305109250)
RAVI TADHANI- (150305109256)
KAUSHIK VADADORIYA- (150305109267)

under my guidance in partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of Technology (B.TECH)

in _________Engineering of Parul University in Academic Year 2018-2019

Project Guide Project Coordinator

Head of Department, External Examiner

Mechanical

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Behind any major work undertaken by an individual there lies the contribution of

the people who helped him to cross all the hurdles to achieve his goal.

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PARUL UNIVERSITY

It gives us the immense pleasure to express our sense of sincere gratitude towards

our respected guide (Name of the guide), (Designation) for his persistent,

outstanding, invaluable co-operation and guidance. It is our achievement to be

guided under him. He is a constant source of encouragement and momentum that

any intricacy becomes simple. We gained a lot of invaluable guidance and prompt

suggestions from him during entire project work. We will be indebted of him

forever and We take pride to work under him.

We also express our deep sense of regards and thanks to (Name of the HOD),

(Designation) and Head of Mechanical Engineering Department. We feel very

privileged to have had their precious advices, guidance and leadership.

Last but not the least, our humble thanks to the Almighty God.

Place: Vadodara
Date:

ABSTRACT
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PARUL UNIVERSITY
India is an agriculture based country in which, 70% of people depends on the

outcome of farming. But if we observe that with increase in population the farm

gets distributed among the family and because of this, farmer in India held

averagely only two acre farm. Also economically, farmers are very poor due to

which they are unable to purchase tractors and other costly equipments hence

they use traditional method of farming. Basically, many farmers in India also use

bullocks, horses and he-buffalo for farming operation. This will not satisfy need

of energy requirement of the farming as compared to other countries in the

world. So We are thinking that human and animal efforts can be replaced by

some advance mechanization which will be suitable for small scale farmer from

economical and effort point of view. So we are developing this equipment which

will satisfy all this need and to solve labour problem

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgement I
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PARUL UNIVERSITY
 Abstract II
List of Figures III
List of Tables IV
List of Abbreviations V
Table of Contents Xi
Chapter : 1 Title of chapter(page 1 starts)
1.1 1
1.2 2
1.3 2
1.4 3
1.5 4
Chapter : 2 Title of chapter(page 5 starts)
2.1 5
2.2 5
2.3 6
2.4 7
2.4.1 7
2.4.2 8
2.5 8
2.5.1 8
2.5.2 9
Chapter : 3 Title of chapter(page 10 starts)
3.1 10
3.2 10
3.2.1. 10
REFERENCES 50
PLAGIARISM REPORT 53

LIST OF TABLES

Table No Table Description Page No

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PARUL UNIVERSITY

Table 1.1
Table 2.1
Table 3.1
Table 3.2

Table 3.3

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No Figure Description Page No

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PARUL UNIVERSITY
1.1 Hybrid Vehicle 1

LIST OF SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND NOMENCLATURE

S.No. Symbol/Abbreviations Name

1 E Modulus of elasticity
2 µ Coefficient of friction

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PARUL UNIVERSITY

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1) WHY WE SELECTED THIS PROJECT?

The project work subject is one, in which actually we are leaning the theoretical concepts in
practical way. Also the practical experience is one of the aims of this subject. For a developing
industry these operating performed and the parts or components produced should have its
minimum possible production cost, then only the industry runs profitably.
The increase in demand for the different kind of sprinkler machine is arise. The Framers are not
capable to purchase all these machine individually, so we are here designing the project which
functionally satisfy almost three machine requirements. The rigidness of such mechanical automatic
machines hinders the changing patterns of the consumer expectations.
This field faces some problems such as how to maximize the profit, how to increase productivity and
how to reduce the cost. In India, two types of agricultural equipment are used, manual method
(conventional method) and mechanized type. Mechanization involves the use of a hybrid device
between the power source and the work. This hybrid device usually transfers motion, such as rotary
to linear, or provides ample of mechanical advantages such as increase or decrease or leverage of
velocity. Sprinkler machinery is machinery used in farming or other agriculture.

Mechanized agriculture is a process of using sprinkler machinery to mechanize the work of

agriculture, greatly increasing farm worker productivity. In modern times, powered machinery has
replaced many farm jobs formerly carried out by manual labour or by working animals such as oxen,
horses, and mules. The entire history of agriculture contains many examples of the use of tools, such
as the hoe and the plough. But the ongoing integration of machines since the Industrial Revolution
has allowed farming to become much less labourintensive. The biggest profit of automation is that it
saves the labour. However, it also saves energy and materials and to improve the quality, accuracy,
and precision.
1.2) CHALLENGES TO THIS PROJECT

Sprinkling is the basic operation that performed in all agriculture activity. We are design the
prototype that satisfies the basic need. Small-size farms are a huge issue in mechanization because of
it’s against of the economics of scale. These problems are classified into technological constraints,
financial and economic problems, and environmental issues. There are machines available in the
market nowadays which are generally used for large-scale farming and thus are not suitable for
small-scale farming conditions of the user. Big machineries involve higher cost and also high
maintenance cost, which are not affordable for the users. Poor rural infrastructures such as roads,
bridges, canals, and power network are one of the main obstacles in this sector. Also, in developing
countries, farm labor is also a big issue. The income of farmers remains also very low and the wages
for farm labors are increasing day by day. As Indian farmers are not much educated and are from
rural area, they don’t possess much machine operating skills; hence usage of complicated machines
is not useful

Main Challenges are:

 Design the Project

 Combine all the operations

 Handling must be easy

1.3) AIM AND OBJECTIVE

Multifunctional sprinkler machine mainly focuses on the basic problems faced by fellow farmers. i.e.
Seed bowing, fertilizers spraying and cultivation. We are looking this project as revolution in small
farms in India, which is most uncovered area in this sector,
 Pesticide sprayer
 Plowing
 Seeding

Main Objectives are:

 Design Machine which performers three operations

 Setup all parts and decide position for it

 Higher efficiency

 Easy to conveyance

 System is compact

 Portable

 Light in weight compare to other machine

1.4) WORKING PRINCIPLE

Our machine works on different working principle. Put the seeds and fertilizer in the box as per its
capacity. When a pair of bull pulls the machine, the motion Is transmitted to the fluted roller seed
cup from sprocket at ground wheel through the chain. The fluted roller seed cup is having the
arrangement of seed cut-off and controlling flap to control the amount of seeds and fertilizers. The
Shovel type furrow openers open the furrows in the soil the seeds and fertilizers will get placed in
the furrows through the guide pipes. In this way the seeds and fertilizers are placed in the furrows at
proper distance and this machine maintains the proper row spacing.

At the side end of the machine, we attached Pesticide pump and storage tank, with two individual
nozzle. Storage tank contains pump and pump is operated by battery. Another attachment to the
machine for ploughing of soil. After ploughing we attach two seed feeder, so at exact place of
ploughing we can add seed.
1.5) ADVANTAGES

1. Working on three different application

2. Combination of all purpose machine
3. Spraying can be done easily
4. Handling easy
5. Perform single Operation as well

1.6) DISADVANTAGES

1. Design is complicated
2. Need Accuracy
3. Initial Cost high

1.7) APPLICATIONS

 Small agricultural firm

 Crop cutting
 Gardening
 Small Farm
 Domestic Purpose
CHAPTER- 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

We are creating a MULTIFUNCTIONAL SPRINKLER MACHINE which can perform many operations such
as seed bowing, fertilizer spraying and grass eruption from roots.
In order to carry out this work we have undergone extensive literature survey and contribution of by
various authors is as follows,

(1) D.A. Mada, Sunday Mahai, [2013], In this research paper author has mentioned importance of
mechanization in agricultural by giving examples. The conclusion from the paper was need of
multifunctional single axel vehicle for pre and post harvesting . We have taken this as base for our
research and further production of our multifunctional agricultural vehicle.

(2) V.K. Tewari, A. Ashok Kumar, Satya Prakash Kumar, Brajesh Nare[2012] In this research papers
author have done case study on farm mechanization in west Bengal as being part of India it give clear
status about availability and progress in India. This ensured us to take right steps compared to
current steps.

(3) F.A. Adamu, B. G. Jahun and B. Babangida [2014]In this paper authors draws our attention
towards the performance factor of a power tiller. Among those demand for light weight power tiller
was sought out most.Fuel efficiency and field capacity such parameters are also discussed. We taken
those points in consideration while designing a sustainable multifunctional agricultural vehicle.

(4) David D. Wilson and John H. Lumkes[2015] In this papers authors have used certain multipurpose
machine with help of this paper we were able to derive our attention to broader way also how
attachments can be used for making a model more useful in efficient and sustainable way.

(5)Mohammad Muneer Uz Zaman Author have emphasized on designing parameters of the grass
cutter and he done research on reduction of cost of the material to be used. We taken this
information for our design our one of the attachment which is related to grass cutter.

(6) M. A. Quayami & Amin Muhamaad Ali [2012]

Author have done extensive study by taking case study of Bangladesh. They have come with growth
scope and other terms. We used their conclusion as one of the basic points to start our design for the
multifunctional agricultural vehicle.

(7) Adamade, C.A. and Jackson B.A. [2014] fellow researcher worked on Mechanization is recognized
as the necessary major means needed to accelerate agricultural production and create a period of
surplus in Nigeria. Indeed food sufficiency can only be attained in Nigeria by encouraging and
promoting local designs and manufacture of implements and equipment at low cost. We have taken
the useful data from this research paper.
(8) Parminder Kamboj, Rohinish Khurana, Anoop Dixit [2012] Disc harrow, tractor, lase leveller,
rotavator, BT cotton seed drill are available in more than 85% of societies. Tractors which are
available in societies are ranging from 50-60 hp. Most of the hiring charges vary from 25-40 Rs. h-1
except that of laser leveller whose hiring charge is 500 Rs. h-1 and tractor hiring charge is 150-250 Rs.
h-1 and rotavator hiring charge is 70-80 Rs. h-1. In more than 70% of the societies, annual use of the
rotavator was 550 h. and annual usage of tractor.

(9) G. Moitzi, T. Szalay, M. Schüller, H. Wagentristl, K. Refenner, H. Weingartmann, P. Liebhard, J.

Boxberger, A. Gronauer [2013]
The tractor-implement combination influenced via working speed and working width, the work time
and fuel consumption. A tractor-implement combination operated in a high engine load had a great
potential in reducing fuel consumption A well loaded “small tractor” with small implements are more
fuel efficient than a worse loaded “big tractor”. This data have been used accordingly.

(10) P. Šařec, O. Šařec [2015] The lowest values of soil penetration resistance below the cultivated
profile were determined with the cultivators equipped with chisel shaped shares, i.e. in the case of
Farmet and Köckerling. Cultivators Väderstad TopDown 400 and Farmet Turbulent 450 showed good
capacity in embedding plant residues. This results have taken for our research basis.
CHAPTER-3
PROJECT PLANNING

3.1) PROJECT PLANNING TABLE:-

MONTH WORKING STATUS

Jul-18 Searching for project title & literature survey Done

Aug-18 Basic fundaments and Design Done

Sep-18 Collection of information from design book Done

Oct-18 Learning design Done

Nov-18 Finalizing Design Done

Dec-18 Project Report formation Done

Jan-19 Project Viva Done

Feb-19 Learning Manufacturing system Done

Mar-19 Purchasing components of the project Done

Apr-19 Start Manufacturing and Assembly Done

CHAPTER-4

METHODOLOGY

4.1 Introduction

The methodology is a process for implementation and developing the project. The goal and
the successfulness of the project is depends on how the plans is conduct to achieve the
result. Methodology is to describe the each step to accomplish the sequence of the flow
work from the beginning until the result is obtained and success. All the results obtain were
evaluated and improved till the best result came out and to be taken. This implementation
would be and getting the worst result where try and error is happens here. Where any ideal
decision may reconsider and repeating to satisfy the best result.
4.1.2. Flow Chart
4.1.3. Project Outline

Phase to process developing and fabricating. Discuss about the theories review, calculation,
project specifications and etc. In order to achieve all this, the following methods are to be
followed closely during the execution of the project to achieve the objective.

i. Understand the objective of the project and search for the best result to solve the
problem statement.
ii. Study the literature review and analyse what implementation can be made to this
project. All information gathered together from the various sources such as common
internet website sources, journals, books, written articles, paper, blogs, video site
and any medium and resources.
iii. Study and analyse all information and data gathered from various sources and related
to with objective of the project. Classify and to understand the project requirement.
iv. Experimentation and simulation where certain experiments are needed to be done in
order to collect and to take note the data and record for improvement.
v. Generate conceptual design and concept selection where meet the characteristic
require and final conceptual design is obtain.
vi. Phase to detail design process where concept will be enhanced and optimized if there
is disability and problems to produce the final design.
vii. Fabrication and implementations is happen here where it will be develop and
brought to life from the detail design drawing that have chosen.
viii. Next step is to test run whether the prototype can work properly and meet the
objective. Thus, the problem found will be analyse and need to be rework.
ix. The last process is product realization and verification where it will be send to
presented and enter the competition whether the product achieve the goals of the
project.
4.1.4. Research

In research section, there are consist of three element input that can be used to conduct a
the project research. Where method to conduct for each one of element is different.
Research through the website is the best alternative in which much information can
be found and collected. In addition, information regarding the competition date and venue
last well-known also can be tell. There are a number of books where related with research
objectives and can be used as a guide for completing the report and the fabrication process.
Also for validity, the journals are related can also be downloaded and taken as a reference
report. There are many websites that excess supply further information in respect of project
problems and how to overcome some of the problems can be found.
CHAPTER-5

DESIGN & PARTS

The components of the project which are required to design are listed below, they are…

5.1 DC MOTOR

DC motor is an electric motor driven by an direct current (DC). The DC motor commonly
consists of two basic parts, an outside stationary stator having coils supplied with alternating
current to produce a rotating magnetic field, and an inside rotor attached to the output shaft
producing a second rotating magnetic field. The rotor magnetic field may be produced by
permanent magnets, reluctance saliency, or DC or AC electrical windings.

Less commonly, linear DC motors operate on similar principles as rotating motors but have
their stationary and moving parts arranged in a straight line configuration, producing linear
motion instead of rotation. We are using 12 V DC 0.5 HP motor for our project.

5.2 SHAFT
A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, propeller shaft (prop shaft), or Cardan shaft is a
mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation, usually used to connect other
components of a drive train that cannot be connected directly because of distance or the
need to allow for relative movement between them. An axle is a central shaft for a rotating
wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them,
or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearings
or bushings are provided at the mounting points where the axle is supported.

As torque carriers, drive shafts are subject to torsion and shear stress, equivalent to the
difference between the input torque and the load. They must therefore be strong enough to
bear the stress, whilst avoiding too much additional weight as that would in turn increase
their inertia.
To allow for variations in the alignment and distance between the driving and driven
components, drive shafts frequently incorporate one or more universal joints, jaw couplings,
or rag joints, and sometimes a splined joint or prismatic joint..

5.3 COUPLING
A sleeve coupling consists of a shaft whose bore is finished to the required tolerance based
on the shaft size. Based on the usage of the coupling a keyway is made in the bore in order
to transmit the torque by means of the key. Two threaded holes are provided in order to lock
the coupling in position.

Sleeve couplings are also known as Box Couplings. In this case shaft ends are coupled
together and abutted against each other which are enveloped by muff or sleeve. A gib head
sunk keys hold the two shafts and sleeve together. in other words, this is the simplest type of
the coupling. It is made from the cast iron and very simple to design and manufacture. It
consists of a hollow pipe whose inner diameter is same as diameter of the shafts. The hollow
pipe is fitted over a two or more ends of the shafts with the help of the taper sunk key, a key
and sleeve are useful to transmit power from one shaft to another shaft. A coupling is a type
of general purpose power transmission coupling that also can be used in motion control
(servo) applications. It is designed to transmit torque (by connecting two shafts) while
damping system vibrations and accommodating misalignment, which protects other
components from damage. Jaw couplings are composed of three parts: two metallic hubs
and an elastomeric insert called an element, but commonly referred to as a "spider". The
three parts press fit together with a jaw from each hub fitted alternately with the lobes of
the spider. Jaw coupling torque is transmitted through the elastomer lobes in compression.

The elastomeric of the spider can be made in different materials and hardness, which allows
the user to customize the coupling to best serve their application. Considerations for
elastomeric selection include ability to dampen vibration, ability to handle misalignment,
operational temperature range, speed of equipment, and chemical conditions

5.4 BEARING:-

The bearing will rest inside the flange and will be covered in oil. The purpose of the bearing
is to take the torque load from the flange and not transmit it to the end piece to allow for a
successful clutch actuation.

In most applications, one race is stationary and the other is attached to the rotating
assembly (e.g., a hub or shaft). As one of the bearing races rotates it causes the balls to
rotate as well. Because the balls are rolling they have a much lower coefficient of friction
than if two flat surfaces were sliding against each other. Ball bearings tend to have lower
load capacity for their size than other kinds of rolling-element bearings due to the smaller
contact area between the balls and races. However, they can tolerate some misalignment of
the inner and outer races.

The bearing will rest inside the flange and will be covered in oil. The purpose of the bearing
is to take the torque load from the flange and not transmit it to the end piece to allow for a
successful clutch actuation.

5.5 STRUCTURE:-

Our whole project will be set on the structure only. This is the main part of the project
A machine structure is a fixed constructed object which functions as part of some
mechanized process or which performs mechanized processes independently. The various
types of machine structures may differ vastly from each other in appearance. These do not
include structures built to shelter or enclose machinery; the machinery must be inextricably
linked to the structure's form.
5.6 BATTERY

A battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy by a chemical reaction. Usually
the chemicals are kept inside the battery. In order to choose the most convenient 12V
battery. The characteristics that were taken into consideration in this decision were: price,
amp hours, size, weight and energy density.

It is used in a circuit to power other components. A battery produces direct current (DC)
electricity. Using the electricity from an outlet in a house or building is cheaper and uses
less energy, but a battery can provide electricity in areas that do not have electric power
distribution. It is also useful for things that move, such as electric vehicles and mobile
phones. Increased values of for the power draw were used to compensate for undesirable
conditions.

Advantages:-

 Low cost.

 Reliable. Over 140 years of development.

 Robust. Tolerant to abuse.

 Tolerant to overcharging.
  Low maintenance.

 Can deliver very high currents.

 Indefinite shelf life if stored without electrolyte.

 Can be left on trickle or float charge for prolonged periods.

 Wide range of sizes and capacities available.

 Many suppliers worldwide.

 The world's most recycled product.

Disadvantages:-

 Very heavy and bulky.

 Typical columbic charge efficiency only 70% but can be as high as 85% to 90% for
special designs.

 Danger of overheating during charging

 Not suitable for fast charging

 Typical cycle life 300 to 500 cycles .

 Must be stored in a charged state once the electrolyte has been introduced to avoid
deterioration of the active chemicals.

5.7 DC WATER PUMP

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical
action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to
move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.
Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy
to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources,
including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, come in many sizes, from
microscopic for use in medical applications to large industrial pumps.
Advantages of D.C. Motor Pump:-
 Easy to install.
 Runs dry without system.
 Massive 100PSI high pressure.
 Totally sealed, high stable pressure.
 Self priming, silent running, low power consumption.
 Easy connecting system.
 Motor duty cycle will vary with load and ambient temperature.

5.8 STORAGE TANK:-

A tank is a one type of device where we can store the liquid. In our module; The pesticide is
stores into tank. The submersible pump is also fitted into the tank. The tank capacity in our
module is approximate about 5 liters. The tank is located on the back side of the farmer. The
nozzle is attach with the tank. The solar panel is also situate on the storage tank
5.9 NOZZLE:-

It is a device which spray the liquid with high compressed ability & pressure. Due to this, the
liquid surface area is increase. So, we can cover the more surface area.
Fig 5.5
Spraying Nozzle

Basically, nozzle is atomized the liquid. In our module; The nozzle is used for spray the
pesticide. with the help of the pump, pesticide is comes into a nozzle from the tank. Now,
nozzle can pressurized the pesticide & thrown by the outlet of nozzle. we can increase or
decrease the flow of pesticide with the help of valve which is fitted on to the nozzle.

The main functions of a nozzle are:

 Metering (measuring) the amount of spray delivered (nozzle output) ƒ

 Atomizing (breaking up) liquid into droplets ƒ

 Dispersing (scattering) droplets in a given pattern

The spraying of pesticide is depend on the nozzle. There are different types of nozzle to get
different types of flow of pesticide.

Most commonly nozzles which is used is given below.

 Flat fan nozzles

 Bomless nozzles

 Full and Hollow cone nozzles

5.10 OTHER COMPONENT OF MACHINE:-

 BASE

 HANLE

 SUPPORTING POST

 WHEEL

 SCREW, NUTS-BOLTS

5.11 APPROXIMATE DESIGN

5.12 DESIGN CALCULATIONS

 MOTOR SELECTION
For our project we are using 0.5 HP MOTOR.
0.5 HP = 372.5 WATTS
RPM of motor = 50

We know that
P = 2 x π x N x T / (60)
372.5 = 2 x π x 50 x T / (60)
T = 71.27 N.mtr
T = 71270 N.mm

Speed V = Π x D x N / 60 mm/s
Speed V = 130.83 mm/s
Speed V = 0.0130.83 m/s

 DESIGN OF SHAFT
Now, We know torque is 5099.9 N
Shaft Dia = ds
Now,
Torque Transmitted to the Shaft
T = π/16 x (ds)3 x τms
71270 = π/16 x (ds)3 x 35
(ds)3=7375.97
ds = 19.46 mm
We are selecting Diameter of Shaft 25 mm

 DESIGN OF WELDED JOINT

The welded joint is subjected to pure bending moment . so it should be design

for bending stress. We know minimum area of weld or throat area
A = 0.707 x s x l

Where s = size of weld

l = length of weld

A = 0.707 x 5 x ( 75 + 40 + 35 + 58 +35 )
A = 0.707 x 5 x 243
A = 859 mm2

Bending strength of parallel fillet weld P = A x f b

F b = 80 N / mm2

As load applied at the end of lever is 250 N . So moment generated at the welded joint is
M =P x L= 250x 450= 112500 N – mm
we know f b = M /Z

Z = {BH3 - bh3 }/ 6 H
Z = {40×753 -35 x 583 }/6 x 75
Z = 209824

Calculating induce stress developed in welded joint

Fb induced = 112500 / 209824= 0.536 N /mm2
As induced stress value is less than allowable value, which is 56 N/mm2
So design is safe.

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

6.1 CONCLUSION
After designing and analysis we conclude that this machine can easily perform all operation.
Also due to having very compact, flexible and easy design attributes and mechanisms used it
is very cost effective as well as efficient compare to the currently market available
agriculture cutting machine. Therefore we are thankful to our project guide and project
head for fine guidance and support. Also due to this much of work out put we can get it is
correct to give this machine a name “AGRICULTURE MULTIPURPOSE SPRINKALER
MACHINE”
6.2 Future Scope
 If we choose precise and big model, than it can be helpful in the handling real size
problem.

 High quality and better material can be used for perfect handling.

 Automation can be very helpful for real size problem.

 We can also use solar panel to charge battery

CHAPTER 7
COSTING

ESTIMATION COST TABLE

SR NO NAME PRICE

1 12v DC MOTOR

2 COUPLING
 3 SHAFT

4 BEARING

5 STRUCTURE

6 SPRINKLER SET

7 ELECTRICAL WIRING

8 TANK

9 12 V DC BATTERY

10 12 V DC PUMP

11 EXTRA NUT, BOLT, PAINT, ETC

TOTAL

CHAPTER 8
REFERENCES

REFERENCES

[1]Shrinivas R. Zanwar, R. D. Kokate (June-2012), Advanced Agriculture System-International

Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) magazine.
[2]S.Chandika ME AMIE (June 2009), Automation and Emerging Technology Development of
2d Seed Sowing Robo-Journal of agriculture science.
[3] H. Pota, R. Eaton, J. Katupitiya, S.D. Pathirana (2007), Agricultural robotics: A streamlined
approach to realization of autonomous farming, Second international conference on
industrial and information system, IEEE.
[4]Advanced Robotic Weeding System, Ajit G Deshmukh&V.A. Kulkarni, ITSI Transactions on
Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ITSITEEE)
[5].Chengliang Liu, Mingjun Wang, and Jun Zhou (2008), coordinating control for an sprinkler
machinewith individual wheel speeds and steering angles, IEEE control systems magazine.
[6].Solar cell operation and modeling, DragicaVasileska, ASU Gerhard Klimeck, Purdue
[7] M. A. Quayum& Amin Muhammad Ali “Adoption and Diffusion of Power Tiller
in Bangladesh”, ISSN 0258-7122 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(2): 307-325, June 2012.
[8] Parminder Kamboj, Rohinish Khurana, Anoop Dixit“Farm machinery services provided by
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TEXTBOOKS
[1]. A Textbook of Machine design : R.S.Khurmi