Q.

1 Given that the value of Earth’s compression is 1/297 and that the semi-major
axis of the earth, ( measured at the equator) is 6378.4 km , what is the semi-minor
axis (measured at axis of the poles)?

a) 6399.9 km b) 6356.5 km c) 6378.4 km d) 6367.0 km

Q.2 Give the direction and Change of Latitude and the Change of Longitude from
“A” to “B” in each of the following cases: Ans
A B ChLat ChLong
a) 31°27’S 091°47’E 35°57’N 096°31’E …………….. ………………
b) 61°47’N 003°46’W 62°13N 001°36’E ……………… ……………...
c) 43°57’S 108°23’E 43°57N 071°37W ……………… ……………..

Q.3 You are at position “A” at 54°20’N 002°30’W. Given a Ch Lat of 16°20’N and
a Ch Long of 020°30’W, what is the position of “B” ? ………………………

Q.4 What is the position of the Rhumb Line between two points relative to the
Great Circle between the same two points, if the points are:
a) in the northern hemisphere --…………………………………………………
b) in the southern hemisphere --…………………………………………………

Q.5 Complete the following table

HDG (C) DEVN. HDG(M) VARN HDG(T)

095 100 5W
312 3E 315
138 3W 13 E
2E 229 17W
3E 13E 010

Q.6 Give the shortest distance in nautical miles and in kilometers between the
following positions:

A B NM KM
a) 52°06’N 002 32’E 53°36’N 002°32’E ……………… ………………….
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 b) 04°41’S 163°36’W 03°21’N 163°36’W ……………… ………………….
c) 62 00’N 093°00’E 62°00’N 087°00’W ……………… ………………….
d) 00°00’N 176°00’E 00°00’N 173°00’W ……………… ………………….
e) 43°57’N 071°37’W 43°57’S 108°23’W ……………… ………………….

Q.7 What is the shortest distance between “A” ( 5130N 00000E) and “B”
(5130S 18000E) …………………………………………………….

Q.8 What is the angle between true G/C track and the true R/L track joining the
points “A” (7000S 16000W) and “B” (7000S 17900E), at the place of departure ?
(cos70 = 0.34 , sin70 = 0.94) …………………………………………………..

Q.9 Position “A” is 58°N 030°W and position “B” is 58°S 030°E. What is the
Rhumb Line bearing from ‘B’ to ‘A’ , if the Great Circle track from ‘A’ to
‘B’ measured at ‘A’ is 149°(T) ?
a) 157°(T) b) 141°(T) c) 336°(T) d) 321°(T)°

Q.10 The Great Circle bearing of ‘E’ from ‘F’ is 090°(T) and the Great Circle
bearing of ‘F’ from ‘E’ is 265°(T). In which hemisphere are ‘E’ and ‘F’ located?
………………………………………………
Q.11 Under ISA conditions at mean sea level ,
a) TAS =IAS b)TAS = CAS c) IAS = RAS d)CAS = EAS

Q.12 The correct equation for local speed of sound is?

a) 48.94 x √ Absolute temp in degrees K.
b) 48.94 x √ Absolute temp in degrees C.
c) 38.94 x √ Absolute temp in degrees K.
d) 38.94 x √ Absolute temp in degrees C.

Q.13 If the airfield elevation is 3500 feet amsl, and QFE is

920 hP, calculate the pressure altitude? ……………………….

Q.14 Magnetic heading 080, RBI 000, (i) what heading would you steer to make a
60° intercept of a course of Magnetic Track 040 to the NDB (ii) What would the RBI
indicate at the point of interceptor:
(i) (ii)
(a) 000 180
(b) 100 300
(c) 080 060
(d) 060 100
Q.15 An airplane is steering M-0335. Its RBI indicates 355. Magnetic variation in
the area is 4°W, Deviation 2°E, calculate (1) Magnetic Bearing to the NDB (2)
Magnetic Bearing from the NDB (3) True Bearing from the NDB:
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 (1) (2) (3)
(a) 020 340 160
(b) 200 355 175
(c) 330 150 146
(d) 355 200 160

Q.16 The protected range for an NDB is valid:

(a) at all times
(b) only at night
(c) only during the day
(d) only over the sea

Q.17 Which of the following are all factors affecting the range of an ADF?
(a) night effect, loop alignment static interference
(b) transmission power, static interference, type of emission
(c) frequency, transmission power, night effect
(d) terrain attenuation, frequency, loop alignment

Q.18 An aircraft is heading a constant 045° (M), on which magnetic bearing

from the aircraft, will the ADF be most subjected to quadrantal error
(a) 045°
(b) 075°
(c) 090°
(d) 135°

Q.19 The air speed indicator is calibrated to;

(a) ISA at mean sea level
(b) ISA at 36090 feet
(c) ISA at the level the aircraft is flying
(d) None of the above

Q.20 Which of the following lists the errors of the machmeter,

(a) Position, maneuver induced, lag, density & instrument
(b) Compressibility, position & pressure
(c) Only compressibility error
(d) Position, maneuver induced & instrument
(e)
Q.21 Compressibility is corrected for when obtaining;
(a) EAS from RAS and the correction is always subtractive
(b) RAS from IAS and the correction can be either additive or subtractive
(c) RAS from IAS and the correction is normally subtractive
(d) TAS from EAS will be over reading

Q.22 A line drawn on a chart which joins all points where the value of magnetic
variation is zero is called an?
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 a) Agonic line.
b) Aclinic line.
c) Isogonal.
d) Isotach.

Q.23 If an aircraft is at 8000 ft and the ground station is at sea level, what will be
the maximum range at which the pilot can expect a QTE from the ground station
(a) 80 nm
(b) 107 nm
(c) 144 nm
(d) 200 nm

Q.24 Which of the following are all factors affecting the range of an ADF?
(a) night effect, loop alignment static interference
(b) transmission power, static interference, type of emission
(c) frequency, transmission power, night effect
(d) terrain attenuation, frequency, loop alignment

Q.25 The elevations of aerodromes ‘Alfa’ and ‘Bravo’ are 180 ft and 480 ft from
mean sea level respectively, An aircraft takes off from ‘Alfa’ with its altimeter sub-
scale set on 1010 hPa, reading 180 feet and flies 600 nm in two hours; and lands at
‘Bravo’ without resetting its altimeter sub-scales. The altimeter reads 570 feet at
touch down. Calculate the values of QNH & QFE of aerodrome ‘Bravo’
QNH QFE
a. 1029 hPa 1013 hPa
b. 1013 hPa 997 hPa
c. 1026 hPa 1007 hPa
d. 1007 hPa 991 hPa

Q26. The rate of refraction of a radio wave which occurs with in the ionosphere:
(a) decreases as the frequency of the radio wave increases
(b) is constant regardless of the frequency employed
(c) is greater at night
(d) increases as the frequency of the radio wave increase

Q.27 flying at a constant TAS If the flight level temperature decreases with the
progress of flight;
a. RAS will not be affected
b. RAS will decrease
c. RAS will increase
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 d. None of the above
Q.28 Flying at constant IAS
(a) Mach number will remain constant with increase of altitude
(b) Mach number will decrease with increase of altitude
(c) Mach number will increase with decrease of altitude
(d) None of the above

Q.29 Effect of compressibility error in an air speed indicator;

(a) Will increase with increase in speed of aircraft at low flight level.
(b) Will increase with speed of the aircraft and increase of flight level
(c) Will increase with speed of aircraft and decrease of flight level
(d) Will decrease with increase in speed and increase of flight level

Q.30 An aircraft on a Track of 100 T, area, variation 15°E aircraft deviation

15°W, wishes to fly at the lowest flight level, which will give it a clearance of 5000
feet AMSL. If the regional QNH is 992 hPa, what should be the flight level?
(a) FL 60
(b) FL 70
(c) FL 75
(d) FL 50

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