MODAL VERBS -MODALNI GLAGOLI

Poslije modalnih glagola u rečenici uvijek stoji glagol u infinitive bez to, osim glagola ought
to.
Nabrojat ćemo neke od modalnih glagola: can, could must- have to, may, should,. Za
većinu ovih glagola vrijede pravila koja ćemo navesti kroz glagole can i must.
1. CAN - moći

a) I can swim.
I ought to learn how to make cakes.

b) U trećem licu jednine ne dodajemo na glagol s ili es, niti bilo kakve druge dodatke(ing, ed)
na ostala lica jednine I množine.
He can read very well.

c) Odrični oblik pravimo sa modalnim glagolom plus NOT.

He cannot help me. ili He can’t help me.

*Ovo je jedini glagol koji se sa svojom negacijom može pisati zajedno.

d) Upitni oblik pravimo inverzijom.

Can you write this letter?
Kratko odgovori su
Yes, I can. No, I can’t.

e) sa ovim glagolom izražavamo sposobnost, ono što možemo, što smo u stanju.

f) Prošlo vrijeme glagola can je COULD.

She could live in the United Kingdom, but she didn’t want.

Upitni I odrični oblik pravimo isto kao kod glagola can.

Could you be a model in my fashion show?

Yes, I could. No, I couldn’t.

*Could koristimo u ljubaznim pitanjima i frazama. Da izrazimo molbu ili pitamo za pomoć.

g) da bismo izrazili ovaj glgol kroz druga vremena koristimo izraz BE ABLE TO.

FUTURE
I’ll be able to finish this project next month.
Will you be able to eat less saturated food?
I won’t be able to keep fit.

2. MUST- morati
Za ovaj glagol vrijede ista pravila kao i za glagol can.

Potvrdni oblik:
You must come home by ten o’clock.

1
Upitni oblik

Must you write all your homework now?

Ali odrični oblik nećemo u ovm slučaju izraziti sa MUST NOT(ne smjeti) , već sa NEED
NOT( ne morati), zbog toga što mustn’t izražava zabranu a ne obavezu.
Pa će odrični oblik izgledati ovako:

She needn’t study hard before this exam.

A ako koristimo mustn’t onda izražavamo zabranu.

You mustn’t feed animals at the ZOO. (to je zabranjeno i postoji javno upozorenje za to)
You mustn’t leave the class during the test.

Da bismo izrazili ostala glagolska vremena koristimo izraz have to/has to.

The present simple tense

It’s half past eleven. I have to go home.

Do you have to get up early in the morning?

I don’t have to carry books to school every day, they stay in our classroom.

She has to prepare lunch for her family. It’s her birthday.

Does she have to drive this car?

He doesn’t have to participate in our project.

The past simple tense

She had to watch that TV programme last night.

Did she have to stay at home yesterday?

You didn’t have to go for a walk.

EXERCISES /VJEŽBE

1. Use the following expressions to complete the sentences.

mustn’t, should, don’t have to, may, must

 I’m terribly sorry to ask, but ____________________ I use your phone? It’s rather
urgent.
Rješenje- may
 When you are a guest in someone else’s house, you _____________ always switch
your mobile onto voice mail.
Rješenje- should

2
  We ____________________ wear a uniform at my new school.
Rješenje- don’t have to

 The public _____________________ go through the door that says ’staff only.’
Rješenje- mustn’t

 It’s the first time she’s been skating this week. She _______________ really enjoy it.
Rješenje- must

2. Use the expressions from the box to complete the sentences.

mustn’t should shouldn’t can don’t have to

 You look very tired. In my opinion, you ________________ work so hard.

Rješenje- shouldn’t

 You ___________________ hurry. I’m sure they will wait for you.
Rješenje- don’t have to
 You ________________park here. Can you see the sign? Parking is forbidden.
Rješenje- mustn’t
 I ___________________ help you. I’m not busy now and I think I know how to repair
your car.
Rješenje-can
 I think you __________________ take an umbrella with you. It may rain in the
evening.
Rješenje- should
3. Use the following expressions to complete the sentences.
might, could, mustn’t, shouldn’t

 This exercise is difficult. ________________ you help me,please?

Rješenje- could

 What are you doing this evening? – I’m not sure. I _____________ watch TV.
Rješenje- might

 My brother and I go to parties, but we ________________ stay out after midnight.

Rješenje – mustn’t

 You _________________ smoke. You put your health at risk.

Rješenje – shouldn’t