8/5/2018

Effect of Blades Number on Undershot Waterwheel

Performance with Variable Inlet Velocity
the 4th International Conference on Science and Technology
|Yogyakarta, August 7 2018

Warjito, Satrio Adi Arifianto, Budiarso,

Dendy Adanta, Sanjaya BS Nasution

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Universitas Indonesia

Picohydro Research Group – DTM FTUI 1

Outline

Introduction
• Background
• Purpose

Methodology
• Analytical Method
• Numerical Method

Results and Discussion

• Analytical Result
• Numerical Result
• Discussion
Conclusion

Picohydro Research Group – DTM FTUI 2

Introduction: Background

Indonesia’s Electrification Ratio 2017

Increasing the ratio from IPP with

renewable energy sources

Picohydro power plant with undershot

waterwheel

Picohydro Research Group – DTM FTUI 3

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Introduction: Purpose

Verifies the blades number equation

adapted from the Pelton turbine
and the effect of the water velocity
treatment on the design and the
power output of the undershot
waterwheel used as a Picohydro
power plant turbine with a height of
0.164 m and a discharge of 41 l / s.

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Methodology: Analytical Method

Wheel’s Blades Number Output Power

Diameter

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Methodology: Numerical Turbulence

Method Model
Independency
Turbulence Model:
• Laminar Mesh
• k-ε Standard, Standard Wall Independency
Function
No
• k-ε RNG, Standard Wall Function Timestep
Independency
• k-ε Standard, Scalable Wall Function
• k-ε RNG, Scalable Wall Function
Setup
Mesh:
ok?
10.000; 20.000; 30.000; 40.000; 50.000; Yes
60.000; 70.000; 80.000; 90.000; 100.000
Timestep: Start Simulation
0.1s; 0.01s; 0.001s; 0.0001s
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Results and Discussion:

Analytical Result

Parameter Value
Outer diameter, Do 0.984 m
Inner diameter, Di 0.656 m
Blade width, W 0.25 m
Blades number, Z 8 Blades
Blade height, h 0.164 m
RPM 19.419 rpm
Power potential, Pin 20.5 Watt
Output power, Pout 12.368 Watt
60.39%

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Results and Discussion: Numerical Result

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Results and Discussion: Blades Number

Analytical Result Numerical Result

Blades Number

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Results and Discussion: Variable Inlet Velocity

Source of
SS df MS F P-value F crit
Variation
Rowsa 5628.95 2 2814.48 106.1 1.74E-06 3.11
Columnsb 102.26 4 25.56 0.96 0.48 2.81
Error 212.26 8 26.53
Total 5943.47 14
a.Rows is denoted as number
1. Row (Blades Number) P value 1.74E-06 < 0,1 so that
of blades or treatment.
there is a difference in the output power based on
b.Columns is denoted as blades number.
variable inlet velocity or block.
2. Column (Inlet Velocity) P value 0,4 > 0,1 there is no
difference in the output power based on velocity.

Picohydro Research Group – DTM FTUI 10

Conclusion

1. The water wheel with blades number 8 has the highest

efficiency after a computational test so this proves that
the equation of undershot waterwheel blades number
which adapting the equation Pelton turbine blades
number can be used in the design.
2. The treatment of the inlet velocity of the water does not
affect the power generated by the waterwheel so this
proves that this waterwheel with the principle of
hydrostatic pressure is classified as a reaction turbine.

Picohydro Research Group – DTM FTUI 11

Acknowledgement

Funding provided by the Directorate of Research and

Service Community (DRPM) Universitas Indonesia with grant
No. 4749/UN2.R3.1/HKP/05/2018.

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