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3171002801 – Semester 6
16 October - 22 October
1. Define Internationalization.
The definition of Internationalization has evolved into various interpretations since its
appearance in the education sector some decades ago. During the mid-1990s, a person
named Knight had introduced the process or organizational approach. However, this
definition had its limitations. This is an improvement, but Knight reasoned that this
definition only positions the international dimension in terms of the external
environment, that is globalization. Besides, it would be more useful to have an
understanding of Internationalization that goes beyond the realm of activities.
Internationalization of Higher Education is regarded as one of the ways a country
responds to the impact of globalization.
3. Both public higher education institutions (PuHEIs) and private higher education
institutions (PrHEIs) have reasons for internationalization. Elaborate their reasons for
internationalization.
The intensity of internationalization has increased with an escalation in
internationalization activities, leading to increasing student, program, and institutional
mobility. In Malaysia, the internationalization of higher education in terms of student
mobility has changed tremendously in the last two decades as the country has shifted
from a sending to a receiving country. Policy-wise, the government has targeted to be
a regional hub for higher education. The objectives of this article are to examine
government policies, their rationales, and the response of public and private
institutions toward these policies. The findings show that while there is also a new
emphasis on research and knowledge generation, government policies essentially
focus mainly on increasing inbound students to increase export revenues. Institutions'
response vary between public and private as the former have access to research
funding from the government while the other is much more fee-dependent and
therefore tend to focus on international students as an additional source of revenue but
both view internationalization targets set by the government as an end by themselves.
20 November - 26 November
3. Discuss any FIVE (5) obstacles that could prevent the success of the implementation of
Internationalization in Institution of Higher Education.
Obstacles that can prevent a successful implementation of internationalization in HEIs
are listed as follows:
i. competing priorities
ii. human resource
iii. finance
iv. administrative difficulties
v. problems in managing international students
vi. problems related to recognizing qualifications from other countries.
Academics
Academics are warm up and open to receive international students and feel
that their presence helps to diversity the campus and also open up spaces for
healthy competition with local students. First, get quality students from
overseas, not only by informants from public universities but also those
private institutions. International students come to Malaysian public
universities to do their Master and PHD degrees although certain undertake
undergraduates or diploma courses. The experience in other universities seems
to be similar.
Second, ensure the effectiveness of the screening mechanism and remedial
class. Next there will be some universities after having tough implementation
of remedial English class. Facilities for international students and lectures
have to be addressed seriously. Many informants feel that facilities are not yet
sufficiently. There are challenges of understanding of university lecturers of
various levels and different faculties regarding internalization. Challenges on
how education should be viewed as a public good or as commodity for sale
Local Students
Internationalization should be a win-win exercise for both and local
international students. The Malay language comes as second position in a
medium of instructions. Local students feel went the lecture teaching in
English it is hard for them to understand especially the students from rural
areas. Furthermore, there are limited interactions among local students.
Although the students came from different ethnic, and religious but they still
do not mix freely. They also do not have many instructions with international
students.
International Students
The benefits of an internationalization programme are not soured by poor quality
programmes. International students would feel that even their money investment into
the institution is not valuable since the lack of proper learning and the lecture also
not well prepared. The international students would address the tension between
official acceptance on one hand and social distancing on the other. Next there will be
questions of how far they can achieve the objectives of an international they have
come far.