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SIMPLY SUPPORTED FLITCH BEAM

In accordance with EN1995-1-1:2004 + A2:2014 incorporating corrigendum June 2006 and the UK national annex
Tedds calculation version 2.1.01

Design section 1
User note: Check beam at support

Partial factor for material properties and resistances

Partial factor for material properties - Table 2.3; M = 1.300

Member details
Load duration - cl.2.3.1.2; Long-term
Service class - cl.2.3.1.3; 1

Timber section details

Number of timber sections in member; N=2
Breadth of sections; b = 60 mm
Depth of sections; h = 245 mm
Steel section details
Number of steel plates in member; Ns = 1
Breadth of steel plate; bs = 12 mm
Depth of steel plate; hs = 220 mm
Nominal yield stress; fy = 275 N/mm2
Bolt diameter; b = 12 mm
Characteristic tensile strength of bolts; fu,k = 400 N/mm2
Timber strength class - EN 338:2016 Table 1; C27
60 12

2/60x245 timber sections + 12x220 steel plate

Cross-sectional area, A, 29400 mm 2
Timber section modulus, W y, 1200500 mm 3
Steel section modulus, W y,s, 96800 mm 3
Second moment of area of timber, I y, 147061250 mm 4
Second moment of area of steel, I y,s, 10648000 mm 4
Radius of gyration, i y, 70.7 mm
Radius of gyration, i z, 17.3 mm
245

220

Timber strength class C27

Characteristic bending strength, f m.k, 27 N/mm2
Characteristic shear strength, f v.k, 4 N/mm2
Characteristic compression strength parallel to grain, f c.0.k, 22 N/mm2
Characteristic compression strength perpendicular to grain, f c.90.k, 2.5 N/mm2
Characteristic tension strength parallel to grain, f t.0.k, 16.5 N/mm2
Mean modulus of elasticity, E 0.mean, 11500 N/mm2
Fifth percentile modulus of elasticity, E 0.05, 7700 N/mm2
Shear modulus of elasticity, G mean, 720 N/mm2
Characteristic density, rk, 360 kg/m3
132
Mean density, rmean, 430 kg/m3

Load proportion in timber and steel

Proportion of loads taken by timber; kt = E0.mean  Iy / (E0.mean  Iy + ESEC3  Iy,s) = 0.431
Proportion of loads taken by steel; ks = 1.1  ESEC3  Iy,s / (E0.05  Iy + ESEC3  Iy,s) = 0.73

Span details
Bearing length; Lb = 100 mm
Analysis results
Design shear force - Major axis; Fy,d = 17.68 kN
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Design perpendicular compression - Major axis; Fc,y,90,d = 17.68 kN

Modification factors
Duration of load and moisture content - Table 3.1; kmod = 0.7
Deformation factor - Table 3.2; kdef = 0.6
Crack factor for shear resistance - cl.6.1.7(2); kcr = 0.67
Load configuration factor - cl.6.1.5(4); kc,90 = 1.5
Check compression perpendicular to the grain - cl.6.1.5
Design perpendicular compression - major axis; Fc,y,90,d = 17.68 kN
Effective contact length; Lb,ef = Lb = 100 mm
Design perpendicular compressive stress - exp.6.4; c,y,90,d = Fc,y,90,d / (N  b  Lb,ef) = 1.473 N/mm2
Design perpendicular compressive strength; fc,y,90,d = kmod  fc.90.k / M = 1.346 N/mm2
c,y,90,d / (kc,90  fc,y,90,d) = 0.730
PASS - Design perpendicular compression strength exceeds design perpendicular compression stress
Check shear force - Section 6.1.7
Design shear force; Fy,d = 17.68 kN
Design shear stress - exp.6.60; y,d = 1.5  kt  Fy,d / (N  b  h) = 0.388 N/mm2
Design shear strength; fv,y,d = kmod  fv.k / M = 2.154 N/mm2
y,d / fv,y,d = 0.180
PASS - Design shear strength exceeds design shear stress

Design section 2
User note: Check beam at mid-span

Partial factor for material properties and resistances

Partial factor for material properties - Table 2.3; M = 1.300

Member details
Load duration - cl.2.3.1.2; Long-term
Service class - cl.2.3.1.3; 1
Timber section details
Number of timber sections in member; N=2
Breadth of sections; b = 60 mm
Depth of sections; h = 245 mm
Steel section details
Number of steel plates in member; Ns = 1
Breadth of steel plate; bs = 12 mm
Depth of steel plate; hs = 220 mm
Nominal yield stress; fy = 275 N/mm2
Bolt diameter; b = 12 mm
Characteristic tensile strength of bolts; fu,k = 400 N/mm2
Timber strength class - EN 338:2016 Table 1; C27
 Project Job no.

Calcs for Start page no./Revision

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Calcs by Calcs date Checked by Checked date Approved by Approved date
17/4/2019

60 12

2/60x245 timber sections + 12x220 steel plate

Cross-sectional area, A, 29400 mm 2
Timber section modulus, W y, 1200500 mm 3
Steel section modulus, W y,s, 96800 mm 3
Second moment of area of timber, I y, 147061250 mm 4
Second moment of area of steel, I y,s, 10648000 mm 4
Radius of gyration, i y, 70.7 mm
Radius of gyration, i z, 17.3 mm
245

220
Timber strength class C27
Characteristic bending strength, f m.k, 27 N/mm2
Characteristic shear strength, f v.k, 4 N/mm2
Characteristic compression strength parallel to grain, f c.0.k, 22 N/mm2
Characteristic compression strength perpendicular to grain, f c.90.k, 2.5 N/mm2
Characteristic tension strength parallel to grain, f t.0.k, 16.5 N/mm2
Mean modulus of elasticity, E 0.mean, 11500 N/mm2
Fifth percentile modulus of elasticity, E 0.05, 7700 N/mm2
Shear modulus of elasticity, G mean, 720 N/mm2
Characteristic density, rk, 360 kg/m3
132
Mean density, rmean, 430 kg/m3

Load proportion in timber and steel

Proportion of loads taken by timber; kt = E0.mean  Iy / (E0.mean  Iy + ESEC3  Iy,s) = 0.431
Proportion of loads taken by steel; ks = 1.1  ESEC3  Iy,s / (E0.05  Iy + ESEC3  Iy,s) = 0.73

Span details
Span length; Ls = 3000 mm
Unbraced length - Minor axis; Lz = 0 mm
Analysis results
Design bending moment - Major axis; My,d = 18.005 kNm
Modification factors
Duration of load and moisture content - Table 3.1; kmod = 0.7
Deformation factor - Table 3.2; kdef = 0.6
Bending stress re-distribution factor - cl.6.1.6(2); km = 1
Check bending moment - Section 6.1.6
Design bending moment; My,d = 18.005 kNm
Design timber bending stress; m,y,d = kt  My,d / W y = 6.459 N/mm2
Design timber bending strength; fm,y,d = kmod  fm.k / M = 14.538 N/mm2
m,y,d / fm,y,d = 0.444
PASS - Design bending strength exceeds design bending stress
Design bending moment; My,d = 18.005 kNm
Design steel bending stress; m,y,s,d = ks  My,d / W y,s = 135.821 N/mm2
Design steel bending strength; fy,d = fy / M0 = 275 N/mm2
m,y,s,d / fy,d = 0.494
PASS - Design steel bending strength exceeds design steel bending stress
Steel-to-timber connections - cl.8.2.3
Characteristic yield moment - exp.8.30; My,Rk = 0.3 mm0.4  fu,k  b2.6 = 76745 Nmm
Char.embed.strength par.to grain - exp.8.32; fh,0,k = 0.082e9 m/sec2  (1 mm - 0.01  b)  rk = 25.978 N/mm2
k90 = 1.35 + 0.015  b / 1 mm = 1.530
Char.embed.strength perp.to grain - exp.8.31; fh,90,k = fh,0,k / k90 = 16.979 N/mm2
Char.embed.strength in the timber member; fh,k = fh,90,k = 16.979 N/mm2
Thickness limit for thin steel plates; bs,thn = b / 2 = 6 mm
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Thickness limit for thick steel plates; bs,thk = b = 12 mm

Characteristic load-carrying capacity for a steel plate of any thickness as the central member of a double shear connection
- exp.8.11
; Fv,Rk,f = fh,k  b  b = 12.225 kN
; Fv,Rk,g = fh,k  b  b  ((2 + 4  My,Rk / (fh,k  b  b2)) - 1) = 6.787 kN
; Fv,Rk,h = 2.3  (My,Rk  fh,k  b) = 9.095 kN
Char.load carrying cap.per shear plane per bolt; Fv,Rk = min(Fv,Rk,f, Fv,Rk,g, Fv,Rk,h) = 6.787 kN
Bolting requirements
Total load on member; W tot = 35.361 kN
Total load taken by steel; W s = ks  W tot = 25.821 kN
Number of shear planes; Nshear = N + Ns – 1 = 2
Minimum end spacing - Table 8.4; Send = 7  b = 84 mm
Minimum edge spacing - Table 8.4; Sedge = 4  b = 48 mm
Minimum bolt spacing - Table 8.4; Sbolt = 4  b = 48 mm
Hole diameter; 0 = b + 1 mm = 13 mm
Minimum washer diameter - cl.10.4.3; w = 3  b = 36 mm
Minimum washer thickness - cl.10.4.3; tw = 0.3  b = 3.6 mm
Number of bolts at each end of beam; Nbolts,end = max(ks  Fc,y,90,d / (Nshear  Fv,Rk), 2) = 2
Limiting bolt spacing; Slimit = min(2.5  h, 600 mm) = 600 mm
Number of bolts along length of beam; Nbolts,length = max(W s / (Nshear  Fv,Rk), (Ls - 2  Send) / Slimit - 1) = 3.72
Bolt stagger; Sstagger = min(h / 4, h / 2 - Sedge, hs / 2 - 1.2  0) = 61 mm
Provide a minimum of 2 No.12 mm diameter bolts at each end plus 4 No.12 mm diameter bolts equally spaced along the
length of the beam staggered approximately 60 mm alternatively above and below the centreline.