APPERIANCE OF FEMINISM IN INDONESIAN MOVIE

“WANITA BERKALUNG SORBAN AND AMERICAN

MOVIE MONA LISA SMILE”

PETRINA 1510621004
KIKI REZKI AMALIAH 1510621012
MASRINA YUSUF 1410621015

English Literature Study Program

Economi and Social Science Faculty
Fajar University
2018

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 PREFACE

Praise be to God the presence of God Almighty, for all the abundance of His
grace and grace so as to finish this Semantic paper well. This paper is structured
to complement one of the semantic tasks. This paper is created to increase our
knowledge of the Apperiance of Feminism in Indonesian movie Wanita
Berkalung Sorban and American movie Mona Llisa smile
The writing of this paper can be made possible thanks to very helpful sources
of reference to the constitution and for that the authors would like to thank the
help of its very useful materials.
I apologize if this paper has many shortcomings, therefore I hope that the
readers of this paper can give suggestions and criticism for the proper
improvement.

Makassar, Juni 28 th 2018

The Writers

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE ....................................................................................................... i

PREFACE .............................................................................................................. ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... iii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................1
1.1 Background ...........................................................................................1
1.2 Problem Statement .................................................................................2
1.3 Objective of The Research ....................................................................2
1.4 Significance of The Research.................................................................3
CHAPTER II LITERARY REVIEW ......................................................................4
2.1 Previous Studies ....................................................................................4
2.2 Theoretical Background ........................................................................5
2.2.1 Feminism of Literature............................................................5
2.2.2 Feminist and Julia Kristeva .....................................................6
2.3 Comparative Literature ..........................................................................6
2.4 Conflict...................................................................................................7
2.4.1 Internal Conflict ......................................................................8
2.4.2 External Conflict .....................................................................8
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGI OF THE RESEARCH ....................................10
3.1 Research Method .................................................................................10
3.2 Source of Data .....................................................................................10
3.3 Instrument of The Research ...............................................................10
3.4 Procedures of Data Collection ............................................................10
3.5 Technique of Data Analysis ................................................................11
CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION ....................................................12
4.1 The Similarity and The Different of The Conflict ........................12
4.2 Compare the Conflict of Women vs Self .......................................14
4.3 Compare the Conflicts of Women vs Society ..............................14
4.4 Compare Women’s rights ................................................................15

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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION ...............................................................................16
CHAPTER VI REFERENCES .............................................................................17

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
Feminism is a movement that demands the emancipation or equality and
justice of rights with men. Feminism is a range of political movements,
ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define,
establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social equality of
sexes. This includes seeking to establish educational and professional
opportunities for women that are equal to those
for men.
According to (Millicent Garrett Fawcett 1878: 16) feminism is Feminism
has as its goal to give every woman "the opportunity of becoming the best that
her natural faculties make her capable of. However (Adrienne Rich, 1976)
Feminism is means finally that we renounce our obedience to the fathers and
recognize that the world they have described is not the whole world Feminism
implies that we recognize fully the indadequacy for us, the distortion, of male-
created ideologies, and that we proceed to think, and act, out of that recognition.
And (Beatrice Forbes-Robertson Hale, 1914: 23) Feminism is that part of the
progress of democratic freedom which applies to women. There for, it conclude
that feminism is a women's movement that demands equal rights between men
and women.
Mona Lisa Smile is a 2003 American drama film produced by Revolution
Studios and Columbia Pictures, directed by Mike Newell, written by Lawrence
Konner and Mark Rosenthal, running time 117 minutes. And Perempuan
Berkalung Sorban is an Islamic themed romantic drama from Indonesia which
was released in 2009 and directed by Hanung Bramantyo, written by Abidah El
khalieqy duration 129 minutes.
In the movies above talk about a culture that shows the differences between
women and men. In movie mona lisa smile that in their culture women are
happy if married and became wife and mother. And in Wanita Berkalung

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 Sorban talk about which women who are considered to have a system and
position lower than men, women should not be a leader, women. And it is seen
that there are gender differences where women are often treated differently from
those who are gendered men and this is the basis for the movement of feminism.
That is the main character both of the movie see the occurrence of gender
differences and then fight for women's rights in society.

In this research, the writers interested analysis how the main character of the
two movie above fight for the rights of women where in the struggle is passed
with various obstacles and conflic. In this research the author uses the feminism
than Compare both of the movies.

The writers interested analysis both of the movie because in the movie
shows women are considered low by men but in the main characters of both
movie show that women can also lead, women are not always under the
command of men, right. With a women's movement demanding equality of
rights fully between women and men, women today can have their rights in
society. If there is no feminism perhaps until now women will still have a low
position of men women will always be subject to men, women can’t be leaders
and women do not have equal rights and status with men.

1.2 Problem Statement

1.2.1 What kind of conflicts that found in the movie monalisa smile and
wanita berkalung sorban
1.2.2 How to describe the main characters both of the movie in fighting
for women's rights.

1.3 Object of The Research

1.3.1 To reveal what kind of the conflicts that found in the movie mona
lisa smile and wanita berkalung sorban

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 1.3.2 To knowing how to describe the main characters of these two stories
in fighting for women's rights
1.4 Significance of The Research
This study aims to compare the shared perceptions about the condition of
women in Indonesia in the 80's and the condition of women in America in the 1950s
as a second-class citizen and the role of a woman in securing her rights In addition,
it can provide enlightenment to other researchers in exploring feminist ideas by
using feminist theory

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 CHAPTER II
LITERARY REVIEW

2.1 Previous Study

Ivani, Widya putri (2011), The Spirit of Feminism Reflected In The Main
Character of Mona Lisa Smile Movie : A Study of Feminism in A Patriarchal
Society, English Department Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University. This
study analyzed are mainly about the effort of Katherine Watson to make a change
in Wellesley College, the most conservative college in America at that time, The
analysis focused on the spirit of feminism coming from the main character’s
ideology and the reactions of the patiarchal society towards it which will also
be supported with the intrinsic aspect of film such as theme, setting, character,
and plot.
Septa, Aryanika (2016), An Analysis of Perempuan Berkalung Sorban Novel:
Feminist Perspective, Raden Intan State Islamic University of Lampung. In her
study, she recorded and analyzed are the elements in a literary working Perempuan
Berkalung Sorban novel. The researcher reveal data in words, phrases, and
sentences form in the novel of Perempuan Berkalung Sorban by Abidah el-Khalieqy
work.analyzed using feminist theory.
Laelati, Cahyani (2009), Feminist Ideas In Film Mona Lisa Smile, Department
Letters and Humanities Faculty State Islam University of Jakarta. The writer tries
to analyzed what intimidations experienced by main character and how the main
character in Mona Lisa Smile film shows feminist ideas in the era of 1950’s. She is
focused on extrinsic elements and use qualitative method.
Based on the studies, The researchers find of the similarity and the different.
The similarity between the previous above focus of the research,the researchers
research using the theory of feminism and equally analyze the main character, in
our study also used the intrinsic elements contained in the film is equal to the three
previous researches. Meanwhile,the differences between this research and the
previous research is we compare two different literary works in which the smile
film monalisa originating from america and the queen-engined women who come

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from Indonesia, the research Septa Aryanika reveal data in words, phrases, and
sentences form in the novel of Wanita berkalung Sorban by Abidah el -Khalieqy
work, Laelati Cahyani tries to analyze what character in the era of 1950's, and
Widya Ivani Putri using research methods used to analyze the film is a research
method library where the author uses reference books and sources from
newspapers, magazines, articles and the internet to support the analysis of the study.
and supported by extrinsic aspects that the author focuses on patriarchal analysis
and feminism.

2.2. Theoretical Background

Theoretical background is important to analyze the literary works.In this
part,the researcher analyzes the problem in the movie using Feminism of literature
approach and Feminist theory
2.2.1 Feminism of literature
The concept of Feminism, in general, has been concerned to an
analysis of the trend of male domination in the society, the general
attitude of male towards female, the exploitation and discrimination
faced by females, the need for and ways of improving the condition of
women and, so on. In concern to literature, this movement has
concentrated on the role played by literature to support gender
discrimination as well as to oppose it, the reasons for lesser
significance of the contribution by female writers in the literary
tradition than that of the male writers, the difference in the ways in
which works of male writers and female writers, respectively, have
represented gender discrimination, and the ways in which social
conditions and literary traditions regarding gender discrimination
have affected one another. The concept got proper identification in the
literary field during 1960s. Before that, feminism was limited to the
authorship of female writers and the representation given to women in
literature with the help of female characters. The condition of women

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 in society, in general, got expression through the situations faced by
fictional female characters and their responses to these situations.
2.2.2 Feminist
Feminism is a movement or activity of women who struggle
for gender balance between women and men in getting their right
in social society. The purpose of this feminism movement is the
achievement of equality and equality of rights and obligations
applied to all gender ie women and men. Julia, Kristeva (1960)
feminism that a woman has the same science skills as male.
Just as in the Indonesian film, a woman with a turban and a
mona lisa smile in the film portrays a leading role in fighting for
the rights and position of women in society. Mary Wollstonecraft
(1792) which she argues that women are not naturally inferior to
men, but appear to be only because they lack education. She
suggests that both men and women should be treated as a social
order founded on reason.

2.3 Comparative Literature

The term 'Comparative Literature' is difficult to define for it evolves not
one but two or even more than two literatures in comparison at the same time. It
becomes still more difficult task when the comparatist has to take into
consideration the multi-dimensional aspects of comparative literature such as-
linguistic, cultural, religious, economic, social and historical factors of different
societies.
Taken broadly, comparative literature is a comprehensive term. Its scope
encompasses the totality of human experiences into its embrace, and thus all
internal human relationships among the various parts of the world are realized,
through the critical approach to literatures under comparative study. It helps to
vanish narrow national and international boundaries, and in place of that
universality of human relationships emerges out. Thus the term comparative
literature includes comparative study of regional literatures, national literatures,

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and international literatures. However, there are many over-lapping terms in this
concern such as - Universal literature, General literature, International literature
and World literature. Repeatedly, we can mention here that comparative literature
includes experiences of human life and behaviour as a whole. In the conception of
world literature the works of Homer, Dante, Shakespeara, Milton, Goetha,
Emerson, Thoreau, Valmik, Vyas should be taken as one for comparison.

The definition of comparative literature given by Bijay Kumar Dass is

very simple vivid and understandable:
The simple way to define comparative literature is to say that it is a comparison
between the two literatures. Comparative literature analyses the similarities and
dissimilarities and parallels between two literatures. It further studies themes,
modes, conventions and use of folk tales, myths in two different literatures or
even more.

Tagore refers to comparative literature by the name of 'Vishvasahita'.

Broadening the scope of comparative literature he remarks: "From narrow
provincialism we must free ourselves, we must strive to see the works of each
author as a whole, that whole as a part of man's universal creativity, and that
universal spirit in its manifestation through world literature" (Quoted in
Buddhadeva Bose, "Comparative Literature in India, "Contribution to
Comparative Literature ; Germany and India, Calcutta, 1973).

2.4 Conflict
In literature, conflict is the central issue and makes the story move. Short
stories have one conflict, while novels have many. Literary conflict includes
internal conflict, also called woman versus self-conflict, and external conflict
which includes woman versus man, woman versus nature, woman versus society
and woman versus fate. The way conflict is used and how the conflicts are
resolved are all determined by the type of story being told.

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2.4.1 Internal Conflict
2.4.1.1 Woman vs. Self
Internal conflict is that which exists inside the character. Struggles
with morality, fate, desire and belief, to name a few. This form of
conflict is central to the character, or characters and must be resolved
by the character alone. Every good character suffers from the weight
of internal conflict,it lends them an air of complex believability.
Internal conflict is also known as man versus self. Internal conflict is
necessary for good characters, but it’s the least complicated form of
conflict.
2.4.2 External Conflict
2.4.2.1 Woman vs. Man:
woman versus man is the most fundamental type of external
conflict. This form of external conflict occurs when a character
struggles against another character. These struggles may be born from
moral, religious or social differences and may be emotional, verbal or
physical conflicts. Man versus man is almost always the conflict
present when a hero fights a villain. This form of conflict may present
alone, or in conjunction with other external conflicts. Star War's is an
excellent example, where Luke Skywalker's fight with Darth Vader is
a man versus man conflict that also treads into the realm of man versus
fate.
2.4.2.2 Woman vs. Society:
This external conflict exists when characters struggle against the
morays of their culture and government. Works where character's
battle evil, oppressive cultures are characteristic of woman versus
society conflict..
2.4.2.3 Man vs. Fate:
woman versus fate occurs when a character is compelled to follow
an unknown destiny. Man versus fate conflict breeds internal conflict,

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while forcing a character to consciously, or subconsciously, act on his
or her fate.
While conflict in literature can be complex, knowing the basics is
key to understanding how to conflict is built and how it affects the
story. These elements of conflict can appear both individually and
together with one another, but one of them must exist for the story to
exist.

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 CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGI OF THE RESEARCH

Method is a system that help the writer in their research. The methodology
consist of five methods.
3.1 Research Method
The Method use to analyzed mona lisa smile and perempuan berkalung sorban
was qualitative descriptive. That recorded and analyzed are the elements in a
literary work.
3.2 Source of Data
The Data which are from the movie “Mona Lisa Smile” is a 2003
American drama film produced by Revolution Studios and Columbia
Pictures in association with Red Om Films Productions, directed by Mike
Newell, written by Lawrence Konner and Mark Rosenthal and running time
117 minutes. And Perempuan Berkalung Sorban is a
2009 Indonesian drama religion movies, The film was written by Ginatri S,
directed by Hanung Bramantyo and duration 129 minutes. The qualitatif data
analyzed descriptively to work the case.
3.3 Instrument of Data
To analyze the data, it use instrument that is note-taking. Note taking is the
technique to collect the data in literary work and then write in forms of notes.
3.4 Procedure of Data Collection
The procedure of collecting data:
1. Watch the movie Mona Lisa Smile by Lawrence Konner and Mark
Rosenthal and movie Perempuan Berkalung Sorban by Abidah El khalieqy.
2. Collect some data by note taking which focus to the object of the research.
3. Conclude the result of collection data.

3.5 Tecnique of Data Analysis

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 After colecting the data then tecnique to analysis. There are steps to analysis
the data:
1. The researchers used perform the analysis that focus of the women’s rights.
2. The researchers used analysis the data by using feminism by than compare
both of the movie.
3. Used make conclusion based on the result of data analysis.

CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND DISCUSSION

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4.1 The Similarity and The Different of The Conflict
4.1.1 The Similarities of the Conflicts
The similarities both of movie Mona Lisa Smile and Wanita
Berkalung Sorban.
Same that discuss about the struggle of women to defend their
rights in society. Women have lower than men , in the Movie Mona Lisa
Smile tells of Tradition which puts women as an individual number two
after men, so women are lower in society as well as in the movie
Perempuan Berkalung Sorban is women is subject to the husband , the
tradition that women do not deserve to be superior to men although smart
and talented Women must obey the husband who placed his position as
a faith.
Female as an individual number Two of the men, both of the
movies tells that women always be individuals number two as Annisa
experienced during the selection lead of the class she should not be a
Leader because she is female.
Women are always subject to men in the film Mona Lisa Smile is
talk that women always subject to men because in the tradition there is
a tradition that requires a woman to "willingly" submit all his life to serve
the man who became her husband. Likewise in Wanita Berkalung Sorban
women must submit to the husband because the husband placed
in a position as a faith who is always right.
The women's duty of both films is the responsibility of women that
is to be a wife who satisfies her husband and becomes a mother for the
children.

4.1.2 The Different of the Conflicts

The differenties both of movie Mona Lisa Smile and Wanita
Berkalung Sorban.

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 Watson was in the 1950s while Annisa was in the 1980s
Katherine watson is a graduate of the university of California she is a
scholar while Annisa is only high school.
Watson is in a campus environment and a lecturer while Annisa
is in pesantren circle. In the movie Mona Lisa Smile related to the
tradition of society while Women Berkalung Sorban related pesantren
and religion.
In the movie mona lisa smile free women have a relationship with
men whereas in Wanita Berkalung Sorban women can only
connect with legitimate husband.
In the movie Mona Lisa Smile women are free to choose lessons
to be learned while in the movie women berkalung turban For him
true knowledge and true is the Qur'an, Hadith and Sunnah. Modern
books are considered perverted
In the movie Mona Lisa Smile women can have careers like
watson who has a career and become a lecturer while in the movie
women berkalung turban Annisa want to continue college but
prohibited because according to them women should not come out
without a husband.
In the movie Women Berkalung Sorban women are not allowed
to speak and express opinions In Salafiah pesantren Al Huda's
daughter was taught how to become a Muslim woman where the
lesson made Anissa think that Islam defend man, woman very weak
and unbalanced

4.2 Compare the Conflict of Women vs Self

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 Watson attempts to change the patriarchal views of the Wellesley society that
too positioned men as "the will" and she will be a teacher to inspiration women to
be have right. And Annisa will be a leader, school and have a career.

4.3 Compare the Conflicts of Women vs Society

Mona Lisa Smile tells how in the 1950s women were taught to be good
housewives, as husband servants, in a formal school. In the school it is
emphasized that being a housewife is a woman's nature and women have no
choice but to be housewives.
The feminist view of Katherine Watson, the main character in the film and
her attempts to change the patriarchal views of the Wellesley society that too
positioned men as "the will" and saw women as a people who were destined to
fill a role as wife and mother in their lives. Katherine Watson teaches art history
at a campus located in New England. Katherine always wished that she would
have her creative students in her work. He wants to bring change to his students.
So In teaching he get a rebuke because using modern syllabus, cornered because
it is considered to impose the will and get insults and criticism. Despite the many
criticisms and insults in the striving and eventually
his business succeeded.
Annisa was born as a child of a boarding school leader who held the
tradition that women should not surpass men as smart and talented as he is.
Women also have to obey the husband who placed his position as a priest who
is always right, because Annisa can only be silent when he repeatedly treated
harshly and unfairly by her husband. So there is resistance and rebellion to
reject the unjust treatment he suffered. In this culture women can only become
a wife but Annisa thinks other she wants to go to school and have a career so
that after graduating high school she enroll college but is prohibited by her
father and kondntya to be studying out of town Annisa must be arranged with a
person who do not love, after married Annisa continuing his studies but taking
care of her husband, he was mistreated by her husband and polygamy then
divorced with her husband, to be free from the former he met back with his

14
 loved ones he was accused of adultery so his father died, then left the pesantren
and married khudori people he loved and gave her freedom to become a career
woman but after giving birth her husband died and raising her child alone, and
then returned kepesantren to teach women about the modern book, want to
build a library and demand rights women but opposed to pesantren but because
of his efforts so that Annisa succeeded and established a library in the
pesantren.

4.4 Compare Women’s rights

In fighting for women's rights Watson teaches at a university and struggles to
change an existing tradition. The tradition of putting women as the number two
individual after men, a tradition that requires a woman to "willingly" devote her
whole life to the service of the man who is her husband and the tradition that seems
to force a woman to bury all her dreams in the marriage whereas women also have
the same rights to realize their dreams, although already have a husband but women
can also have activities outside the home but still the obligation of women to the
husband should not be forgotten. His feminist thought, which basically demanded
a better future of Wellesley graduate students than merely being a housewife, turned
out to be a substitute for the fate of women. Although at the end of the story
Katherihe Watson chose to leave Wellesley, but her efforts did not completely fail
because one of her married students decided to file for a divorce on her husband's
betrayal which, due to tradition, had to be buried, and finally decided to continue
her education to the University of Ya.
And in Annisa mourning her husband's death can bounce back with
encouragement for pesantren students to read a lot of moderen books, can
become a writer like himself and then build a library in pesantren and teach
that women can also in all things, women have the right to choose, determine
the fate alone, free from coercion and pressure from anyone .

CHAPTER V

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 CONCLUSION

Feminism is a movement or activity of women who struggle for gender balance

between women and men in getting their right in social society.
Mona Lisa Smile and Wanita Berkalung Sorban are culture that shows the
differences between women and men. In movie mona lisa smile that in their culture
women are happy if married and became wife and mother. And in Wanita
Berkalung Sorban talk about which women who are considered to have a system
and position lower than men, women should not be a leader, women . And it is seen
that there are gender differences where women are often treated differently from
those who are gendered men and this is the basis for the movement of feminism.
That is the main character both of the movie see the occurrence of gender
differences and then fight for women's rights in society.

CHAPTER VI

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 REFERENCES

Putri, Widya Ivani. 2011. The Spirit of Feminism Reflected in the Main
Character of Mona Lisa Smile Movie : a Study of Feminism in a Patriarchal
Society.Thesis. Semarang. Diponegoro University.

Sarmidi, Gatot. 2011. Persamaan Dan Perbedaan Feminisme Dalam Perempuan

Berkalung Sorban Karya Abidah El Khalieqy dan Novel Meniti Jembatan
Emas Karya Yan Daryono. Skripsi. Malang. Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang.

Laelati, Cahyani. 2009. Feminist Ideas In Film Mona Lisa Smile. Department
Letters and Humanities Faculty State Islam University of Jakarta.

Abidah El Khalieqy. 2009. Perempuan Berkalung Sorban. Yogyakarta: Arti Bumi

Intara.

Septa, Aryanika .2016. An Analysis of Perempuan Berkalung Sorban Novel:

Feminist Perspective,. Raden Intan State Islamic. University of Lampung.

English Literature 2016. Comparativeliterature an analysis of perempuan

Berkalungsorban.(http://MateriSemesterEnglishLiterature/Comparativeliter
ature an analysis of perempuan berkalung sorban.pdf) accessed on Juni 28th
2018.

How to Study English Literature by T. Sharper Knowlson

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_theory accessed on Juni 28th 2018.

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