CODE S8LT-Iva-13 No.

of hours: 1
DOMAIN Biology
CLUSTER Structures and Function: Focus on the Digestive System
LESSON Digestion Process
STANDARD Infer the path of food we eat in the digestive system
REFERENCE Basic Nutrition for Filipinos (Claudio et al pp 13-2 to 13-19)

Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Describe the organs of the digestive system

2. Explain the functions of organs of the digestive system
3. Explain the digestion of food

Assessment:

Key points:

The food we eat food undergoes digestive process before it can serve as source of nutrients for the
body’s functions. The organs of the digestive system are mouth, salivary glands, esophagus, liver
stomach, pancreas, small intestines and large intestines. Each organ has a specific function that
contribute to the entire process.

ELICIT (10 The teacher greets the class by saying “Okay ka ba tiyan?” and ask the students to
minutes) respond okay. Teacher goes around and ask students randomly the same question and
students reply okay! With a thumbs up. The reason I asked you the question is
because we eat a lot of food – and sometimes, we end up having thumbs down sa
tiyan natin.

What is tiyan in English? Stomach!

What do you know about stomach?

Let students share about what they know about stomach. Entertain at least three (3)

ENGAGE Game (Game of Food)

(10 “Taxonomy of words”
minutes)
Students will be divided into 4 groups. They will count from 1-4 and they will be
grouped according to the number assigned to them.

Mechanics of the Game:

1. The teacher will say a food word and then group 1 will say another food word
from the last letter of the food given by the teacher. Group 2 will say another
food from the last letter of the food given by group 1, then Group 3, etc. until
 all groups get a turn to answer. Each group will be given 3 seconds to answer.
There will be three rounds.
2. The team who gets the highest score will be the winner.

Game proper:
The teacher begins by stating:
1. While driving home, I suddenly got hungry. So I decided to pass by McDonald’s
drive thru and buy a juicy and delicious HAMBURGER .
Group 1.

2. ON weekends I help my mother do the household chores, when I get tired and
hungry, we would pause and have merienda of tasty BREAD.

3. I like to hangout with my friends over some Milk Tea Group 3

EXPLORE
(20 “METACOGNITION FOR STATING KNOWLEDGE”
minutes)
The image that we picked is _____________.
I know that ___________________.
In addition, I know __________________.
It also ______________________________
Finally, I know ____________________.

Ask a volunteer per group to report their output and have it posted in the board

EXPLAIN Teacher shows a human vector and ask students to paste their image accordingly.
(15 When all the organs are in place, teachers discuss the digestive system
minutes)
The digestive process:

Organ Process/ Function/ etc

Mouth Chewing, mastication

esophagus It is called Peristalsis or muscular , wave like contractions mainy

controlled by nerve reflexes.
Stomach The stomach receives the food and acts as a reservoir for a short
time.
starch splitters, lipases or fat splitters and proteases or protein
splitters.
The stomach is emptied in 1-4 hours, with CHO leaving rapidly,
followed by protein and lastly fats.

The food leaves the stomach in the form of chyme

Small intestines The small intestines is divided into duodenum, jejunum and
ileum small intestines. Actually, majority of the digestive process
 is completed in the duodenum, and the rest functions principally
in the absorption of nutrients.
Large intestines The large intestines does not take part in the digestion of food.
Any bulky and unused parts of the diet are passed on to it. In the
large intestines or colon, water is reabsorbed causing the
formation of .a fairly solid mass. And when the rectum is reached,
the mass is evacuated in the form of feces.

Show a video showing the digestive process

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08VyJOEcDos

ELABORATE How does food undergo the digestive process?

(15 Teacher now goes back to the examples given in the game, specifically bread.
minutes) Teacher distributes bread around and ask students to eat and experience the digestion
process.

Teacher again asks a representative from each group and shares the experience on
how the bread passes through the different organs of the digestive system

EVALUATE Students again work by group and play a game similar to the first game. But this time,
the 4 groups will be called by the “organ” assigned to them. Teacher will say a word,
phrase or sentence associated with a specific organ, and the group will have to shout
their group name, if they think it refers to them.

Teacher uses varied approaches like taxonomy of words, metacognition, defining

format, etc”

Through the action called “peristalsis”, the bolus is passed down to the next organ
The first part of the digestive process
Digestion is completed in this organ
The action of salivary glands help in chewing the food
In this organ, the bolus is converted into a semi liquid particle called chyme
This organ receives bulky and unused food which is eventually evacuated in the rectum

EXTEND Students will be asked to interview persons from different age groups and talk about
the food they eat, and if they have any problems in digestion:

Infant (through mother)

Toddler (2-6)
Teenager (13-19)
Senior citizen (60 and above)