Lab Report

Experiment no. 8
FACTORS AFFECTING
THE RATE OF
REACTION

Group Members:

Amoguis, Ma. Angelyn R.

Arriesgado, Tiara Veronica

Asuncion, James F.

Bella, Jason L.

Del Rosario, Van Ainel C.

Evangelista, April Chan B.

Marcos, Shiela Jane F.

San Diego, Charles Justine C.

Tejuco, Viana L.
Laboratory Experiment No. 13

FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF REACTION

1. Objective(s):

1.1 To determine the evidences and factors affecting the rate of chemical reaction.

1.2 To identify the evidences of a chemical reaction. Intended Learning outcomes

(ILOs):

The students shall be able to:

1.1. Learn to identify the evidences and factors affecting the rate of chemical
reaction.

2. Discussion:

A chemical reaction occurs when one'or more substances are transformed into one
or more new different substances. A chemical reaction is represented by a-chemical
equation which is made up of symbols of elements and formulas of a compound.
Substances found on the left. side of the equation are called reactants, and those at
the right side of the equation are called product/s.

Several factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction. The nature of a chemical
reactant affects reaction rate. Different substances react differently with the same
substance. For example, an iron nail reacts with oxygen to produce rust Within a
day while copper (present in a 25 centavo coin) may take days to produce a green
patina (copper oxide). Elevation in temperature may also Speed up endothermic
chemical reactions. Catalyst help hasten the reaction by lowering its activation
energy. Other factors like surface area and pressure (gaseous reactants) also
contribute to the rate of chemical reaction.

3. Materials

1 Beam Balance

1 Bunsen Burner

1 Glass Funnel

1 Iron Ring
1 Iron Stand

1 Pipette 1 M

1 Set Test tube

1 Watch Glass

1 Wire Gauze

1 Spatula

Dilute Acetic Acid

1 M Hydrochloric Acid

3 M Hydrochloric Acid

6 M Hydrochloric Acid

0.01 M Silver Nitrate

Sulfuric Acid

Manganese Dioxide

Potassium Chlorate

Calcium Carbonate Powder

Sugar Crystals

5. Procedure

Procedure 1: Temperature

1.1 Place the sugar in an evaporating dish.

1.2 Cover the evaperating dish with a watch glass or an inverted glass funnel.

1.3 Before heating the sugar, let the instructor check your set-up.

1.4 Light the burner from low to moderate flame.

1.5 Continue heating the sugar until change of color is observed.

1. 6 Observe the surface of the watch glass or the inner walls of the funnel. What is
formed?

Procedure 2: Nature of Reactants

2.1 Put 3 ml of dilute sulphuric acid in a test tube.

2. 2 In another test tube put 3 ml of dilute acetic acid.

2. 3 To each test tube, add a small amount of solid calcium carbonate. Observe the
relative rate of reaction.

Procedure 3: Concentration of reactants

3.1 Label 3 test tubes T1, T2 and T3.

3.2 In T1 put 3 ml of 6M HCl.

3.3 In T2 put 3ml of 3M HCl.

3.4 In T3 put 3ml of 1M HCl.

3.5 To each test tube add small amount of calcium carbonate.

3. 6 Compare the speed of the reaction for the 3 test tubes.

Procedure 4: Use Of Catalyst

4.1 Place 1 g of potassium chlorate in a test tube.

4.2 Heat the test tube gently, observe what is released duririg heating.

4.3 Remove the test tube from the flame.

4.4 Add a pinch of manganese dioxide.

4.5 Heat the test tube again.

4.6 Record your observations.

6. Data and Results

Evidence Observations

Change of Color (Procedure 1) The high temperature fasten the reaction.

Evolution of Gas (Procedure 2) Both formef bubbles but the first test tube
(sulfuric acid), the calcium carbonate in it did
not dissolve.

Formation of Precipitate The lower the concentration, the faster the

reaction.

Energy Change Manganese serves as the catalyst to fasten the

chemical reaction.
SYSTEMS REACTANTS PRODUCTS

Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 + CaCO3 CaSO4 + H2O + CO2

Calcium Carbonate

Acetic Acid Calcium 2CH3COOH + CaCO2 Ca (CH3COO)2 + H2O + CO2

Carbonate

Hydrochloric Acid CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

Calcium Carbonate

Potassium Chloride 2KClO3 + MnO2 2KCl + 3O2

Magnesium Dioxide

8. Conclusions:

Therefore we conclude that a chemical reaction will only occur if there are one or
more substances that will transformed into one or more new different substances.
Also we've also fount out that there are many factors that affect the rate of
chemical reaction. These are the nature of reactants, temperature, concentration of
reactants and use of catalyst. Other factors such as surface area and pressure also
contribute to the rate of chemical reaction.