PROJECT REPORT

On

SMART DUSTBIN-The future of waste management

Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(2019)

Submitted by

AMISHA SAXENA (1512213012)

ANAMIKA MAURYA (1512213014)

Under the guidance of

Mrs. Shilpi Khanna

SHRI RAMSWAROOP MEMORIAL GROUP OF

PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES
LUCKNOW
Affiliated to

Dr. APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY,

LUCKNOW
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SRMGPC
DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the project entitled “SMART DUSTBIN-The Future of Waste
Management” submitted by us in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award
of the Bachelor Technology (Information Technology) of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
University is record of our own work carried under the supervision and guidance of the
Mrs. Shilpi Khanna.

To the best of our knowledge this project has not submitted to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
Technical University or any University or Institute for the award of any degree

AMISHA SAXENA (1512213012)

ANAMIKA MAURYA (1512213014)

iii
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SRMGPC
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are extremely grateful and remain indebted to our Project Guide. Mrs. Shilpi

Khanna being a source of inspiration and for his constant support in the design,

implementation and evalution of this project. I am thankful to his for his constant

constructive and valuable suggestion which benefited us a lot in developing this project.

Through this column it would be our utmost pleasure to express gratitude to her

encouragement, corporation and consent without which it would have impossible to

accomplish this project.

We are sincerely grateful to our Head of Department Prof. Ajay Kumar Srivastava for

his assistance and continued guidance throughout this study.

In addition to this, we are grateful to management to Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group

of Professional College which encouraged to move in right direction through which we

could achieve to this extent.

AMISHA SAXENA (1512213012)

ANAMIKA MAURYA (1512213014)

iv
 REFERENCES

[1] Michael Batty , Kay Axhausen, et al., “Smart Cities of the Future,”UCL centre for
advanced spatial analysis on working paper series, ISSN 1467-1298, Paper 188 - Oct 12.

[2] Narayan Sharma, Nirman Singha, Tanmoy Dutta, “Smart Bin Implementation for
Smart Cities”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6,
Issue 9, September-2015 ISSN 2229-5518.

[3] “Smart Cities” available at www.smartcities.gov.in/ Bikramjit Singh et al, / (IJCSIT)

International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 7 (2) ,
2016, 610-611

[4] Guerrero, L.A., Maas, G., Hogland, W.: Solid waste management challenges
for cities in developing countries. Journal of Waste Management.

[5] Alexey Medvedev, Petr Fedchenkov, ArkadyZaslavsky, Theodoros,

Anagnostopoulos Sergey Khoruzhnikov,‖Waste Management as an IoT-Enabled Service
in Smart Cities‖.

x
 ABSTRACT
In the recent decades, Urbanization has increased tremendously. At the same phase there
is an increase in waste production. Waste management has been a crucial issue
to be considered. This paper is a way to achieve this good cause. In this paper, smart bin
is built on a microcontroller based platform Arduino Uno board which is interfaced with
GSM modem and Ultrasonic sensor. Ultrasonic sensor is placed at the top of the dustbin
which will measure the stature of the dustbin. The threshold stature is set as 10cm.
Arduino will be programmed in such a way that when the dustbin is being filled, the
remaining height from the threshold height will be displayed.

Once the garbage reaches the threshold level ultrasonic sensor will trigger the GSM
modem which will continuously alert the required authority until the garbage in the
dustbin is squashed. Once the dustbin is squashed, people can reuse the dustbin. At
regular intervals dustbin will be squashed. Once these smart bins are implemented on
a large scale, by replacing our traditional bins present today, waste can be managed
efficiently as it avoids unnecessary lumping of wastes on roadside. Foul smell from
these rotten wastes that remain untreated for a long time, due to negligence of authorities
and carelessness of public may lead to long term problems. Breeding of insects and
mosquitoes can create nuisance around promoting unclean environment. This may
even cause dreadful diseases.

vi
 TABLE OF CONTENT
Certificate ii

Declaration iii

Acknowledgement iv

Preface v

Abstract vi

Table of Contents vii-viii

1. INTRODUCTION 1-5
1.1 OVERVIEW OF PROJECT 1
1.2 SYSTEM ANALYSIS 2-3
1.3 FEASIBILITY STUDY 3-5
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 6-8
2.1 HISTORY OF IoT 6-7
2.2 FEATURES OF IoT 7-8
3. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY 9-25
3.1 FORMULATION AND PRESESENTATION PROBLEM 9-10
3.2 SOLUTION APPROACH 10-16
3.2.1 0-LEVEL DFD 10-11
3.2.2 E-R DIAGRAM 11-12
3.2.3 METHODOLOGY USED 12-16
3.3 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS 17-24
3.3.1
3.3.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT 24
3.4 IMPLEMENTATION 25
3.4.1 MODULE DESCRIPTION 25

vii
4. RESULT ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS 26-39

4.1 SNAPSHOTS
4.2 TESTING 26-31
4.3 MAINTENANCE 32
4.4 SECURITY MECHANISM 33
4.5 COST/BENEFIT ANALYSIS 34-36
4.6 COCOMO 36-37
4.7 APPLICATIONS 38
4.8 ADVANTAGES 38
4.9 LIMITATIONS 39
5. CONCLUSION 40
6. FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT 41

APPENDICES

List of Figures xi

References x

viii
 DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SRMGPC
CERTIFICATE
Certified that the project entitled “SMART DUSTBIN-The Future of Waste
Management” submitted by Amisha Saxena (1512213012) and Anamika
Maurya(1512213014) in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the
degree of Bachelor of Technology (Information Technology) of DR. A.P.J ABDUL
KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, is a record of student’s own work carried under
our supervision and guidance. The project report embodies results of original work and
studies carried out by students and the contents do not form the basis for the award of any
other degree to the candidate or to anybody else.

Mrs. Shilpi Khanna Prof. A.K.Srivastava

Assistant Professor Head of Department

(Project Guide) IT, SRMGPC

ii
 APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: LIST OF FIGURES

Serial NO DESCRIPTION PAGE

Figure 3.2.1 0-Level DFD 11

Figure 3.2.2 E-R Diagram 12

Figure 3.2.3 Iterative waterfall Model 13

Figure 3.3.1.1 Arduino 18

Figure 3.3.1.2 GSM 19

Figure 3.3.1.3 IR Sensor 20

Figure 3.3.1.4 Dustbin 21

Figure 3.3.1.5 Breadboard 22

Figure 3.3.1.6 Jump Wires 23

Figure 3.3.1.7 16X2 LCD Display 23

Figure 4.5.1(a) Accuracy of cost estimation 35

Figure 4.5.1(b) Graph of Accuracy of Cost Estimation 36

ix
 PREFACE

The project report has been divided into 6 chapters. The topics covered under each are as
follows:

Chapter 1 This chapter gives our problem definition along with the aims and objectives.
This part also includes a section on System Analysis which gives information about the
Technical, Economical and Operational Feasibility of our project.

Chapter 2 A detailed literature survey is done of the convolutional codes and various
parameters related to it.

Chapter 3 The methodology proposed to develop the project is explained containing the
description of the various modules and the designing section.

Chapter 4 It deals with software/hardware requirement of the project and the

specifications of the simulator used.

Chapter 5 It gives the implementation of our entire work and the coding done. It
contains the results obtained after the simulation is done. It also deals with the testing of
the structure using modelism simulator. Gives various advantages, limitation and
application and conclusion of the project.

Chapter 6 Give the future scope of the project. v