Title: On Voting Theory

Rationale:

The purpose of this paper is to define voting theory, the methods of counting votes, the
fairness criteria, the strengths and the weaknessess of the different fairness criteria. To define the
Arrow’s Impossibility theorem and to show if there is an existing method of counting votes that
is fair.

Sample Problem:

1. What is voting theory.

2. What is the different methods of counting votes.
3. What is the different fairness criteria.
4. What is the Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem.

Sources:

Excursions on Modern Mathematics (Tannembaum and Arnold)

Social Choice and Individual Values (Arrow)

Approval Voting (Brams and Fishburn)

Title: On Fair Divisions

Rationale:

The purpose of this paper is to define Fair Division, it schemes or methods and to
indentify the most fair Fair Division scheme existing.

Sample Problem:

1. What is Fair Division.

2. What is the different Fair Division schemes or methods.
3. Is there a fair Fair Division method?

Sources:

Excursions on Modern Mathematics (Tannenbaum and Arnold).

Fair Division (Brams and Taylor).

“How to Cut a Cake Fairly”, American Mathematical Monthly (Stranquist).

Title: On Mathematics of Apportionment

Rationale:

The purpose of this paper is to define the Mathematics of Apportionment, it’s concepts
and rules. And to define too the Balinski and Young’s Impossibility Theorem and to identify if
there is an existing fair apportionment method.

Sample Problem:

1. What is Apportionment?
2. What is its concepts and methods.
3. What is the Balinski and Young’s Impossibility Theorem?
4. Is there a fair apportionment method?

Sources:

Excursion on Modern Mathematics (Tannenbaum and Arnold)

“The Apportionment of Representatives”, Fair Allocation Proceedings of Symposia on

Applied Mathematics (Balinski and Young)

“The Quota Method of Apportionment”, American Mathematical Monthly (Balinski and

Young)