Transportation Planning and Engineering

Lecture 11

Land Use and Transportation

Land Use
Land Use – cont’d
 DEF: Spatial pattern of different economic
uses of land
 Residential
 Industrial
 Commercial
 Institutional
 A component of the urban system
 Defines, at least in part, the personality
of a city
System Components in Urban Spatial Structure

4
 Land Use
 Key concepts
 Urban form: spatial
arrangement of built
environment elements
and urban activities
 Density
 Homogeneity

 Concentricity

 Connectivity
Land Use
– cont’d
Land Use – cont’d
 Key concepts (cont.)
 Urban interaction: collective set of linkages that bind
different urban entities together (Fig. a)
 Urban Spatial structure: spatial ordering of land use
and activities (joined urban form through the urban interaction
with a set of organizational rules to form a unit in the form of city)
 Comprehensive plan: official statement of policies
and intentions pertaining to physical development in
the future years
 Wisconsin’s Planning Law
Defines a comprehensive plan as containing nine required elements: Issues
and opportunities; Housing; Transportation; Utilities and Community
Facilities; Agricultural, Natural and Cultural Facilities; Economic
Development; Intergovernmental Cooperation; Land Use; and
Implementation.
Land Use – cont’d
 Key concepts (cont.)
 Guidelines
 Legislation Read by
 Codes yourself
 Zoning
 Subdivision regulations
 Infrastructure
Criteria
for urban
spatial
structure

9
Criteria for urban spatial structure

10
Criteria for urban spatial structure

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Land Use - Transportation
 Changes in location,
type and density of
land use affects travel
choices and patterns
 Past transportation
decisions evident in
today’s development
patterns
Land Use - Transportation
Transportation and Urban Form

14
Transportation and Urban Form

15
Land Use Concerns
Urban Sprawl
Urban Sprawl
Negative
 Higher Infrastructure and
Public Operating Costs
 Consumption of Prime
Agricultural Land
 Lack of Community
Sense
 Worsens Pollution
Positive
• Lower Housing Costs
• Enhances Personal and
Public Open Space
• Lower Crime Rate
• Lives the “American
Dream”
17
Transportation and Sprawl
 More Vehicle Miles
Traveled (VMT)
 Longer Travel Times
 Greater Number of
Auto Trips
 Less Cost-Effective
and Efficient Transit
Smart Growth
 Ten principles of smart growth
1. Mix land uses
 Each neighborhood has a mixture of homes, retail, business, and
recreational opportunities.
2. Build well-designed compact neighborhoods
 Residents can choose to live, work, shop and play in close proximity. People
can easily access daily activities, transit is viable, and local businesses are
supported.
3. Provide a variety of transportation choices
 Neighborhoods are attractive and have safe infrastructure for walking,
cycling and transit, in addition to driving.
4. Create diverse housing opportunities
 People in different family types, life stages and income levels can afford a
home in the neighborhood of their choice.
5. Encourage growth in existing communities
 Investments in infrastructure (such as roads and schools) are used
efficiently, and developments do not take up new land.
Smart Growth
 Ten principles of smart growth
1. Preserve open spaces, natural beauty, and environmentally
sensitive areas
 Development respects natural landscape features and has higher aesthetic,
environmental, and financial value.
2. Protect and enhance agricultural lands
 A secure and productive land base, such as BC's Agricultural Land Reserve,
provides food security, employment, and habitat, and is maintained as an
urban containment boundary.
3. Utilize smarter, and cheaper infrastructure and green buildings
 Green buildings and other systems can save both money and the
environment in the long run.
4. Foster a unique neighborhood identity
 Each community is unique, vibrant, diverse, and inclusive
5. Nurture engaged citizens
 Places belong to those who live, work, and play there. Engaged citizens
participate in community life and decision-making.
21
Study Area
Study Area: (3,026 km2)

1. Lahore (yellow area)

2. A part of Kasur District

(blue area)

3. A part of Sheikhupura
District (green area)

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 Population Distribution (1)
Study Area Population by Town/Tehsil (Punjab Gross Population Density by HIS Zone,
Development Statistics) 2010 (Punjab Development Statistics)

2010 Urban Density % of

Area
District Town/ Tehsil Populatio Populatio (persons/ Study
(Km2)
n (000) n (000) ha) Area
Ravi Town 31 1,007 1,007 328 10.1%
Data Gunj Baksh Town 31 970 970 317 9.8%
Samanabad Town 38 984 984 262 9.9%
Shalamar Town 24 854 854 350 8.6%
Gulberg Town 44 778 778 178 7.8%
Lahore
Aziz Bhatti Town 69 667 609 97 6.7%
Wagah Town 440 656 263 15 6.6%
Nishtar Town 497 945 399 19 9.5%
Iqbal Town 520 960 424 18 9.7%
Cantonment 98 831 831 85 8.4%
Ferozewala Tehsil* 576 534 152 9 5.4%
Sheikhupura Muridke Tehsil* 224 266 143 12 2.7%
Sharaqpur Sharif Tehsil* 140 101 36 7 1.0%
Kasur Tehsil* 150 168 50 11 1.7%
Kasur
Pattoki Tehsil* 162 207 71 13 2.1%

Lahore Lahore District 1,792 8,652 7,119 48 87.1%

Sheikhupura Part of Sheikhupura 939 901 331 10 9.1%
Kasur Part of Kasur 312 375 121 12 3.8%
LUTMP Study Area Total 3,044 9,928 7,571 33 100%

Note * Part of Tehsil in Study Area - Source PDS 2010

Population
density

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 Population Distribution (2)
Historical Urbanization Trends
- Population is mostly concentrated around
the old city area in a concentric fashion
- Linear developments along major arterial
roads
- The population around the city centre
accounts for over 66% population in
approximately 10% of the study area
- Population density in Lahore is still
considerably lower than similar cities in
Asia
- Age groups 15-19 and 20-24 form the
peak for both male and female
75+

Age Structure of 70-74

65-69
Male
Female

Lahore 60-64
55-59

Population, 2010 50-54

45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5- 9
0- 4

(800) (600) (400) (200) 0 200 400 600

25
800 1,000
Employment Unemployed Residents by
Zonal Employed Residents
Residence Zone
by Sector

26
 Vehicle Ownership (1)
Car and Motorcycle Owning Households, 2010
2010 Households (HH)

M/Cycle % Car &

District Town/Tehsil Total 2010 Car Owning % Car-Own % M/Cycle
Owning M/Cycle
HH (000) HH's (000) HH Owning HH
HH's (000) Owning HH
Ravi Town 172.8 13.1 7.6% 80.9 46.8% 54.4%
Data Gunj Baksh Town 173.4 30.9 17.8% 90.1 52.0% 69.8%
Samanabad Town 175.5 39.9 22.7% 88.2 50.3% 73.0%
Shalamar Town 144.7 18.3 12.6% 75.1 51.9% 64.5%
Gulberg Town 138.5 40.6 29.3% 64.5 46.6% 75.9%
Lahore
Aziz Bhatti Town 121.6 20.2 16.6% 60.5 49.8% 66.4%
Wagah Town 106.8 7.4 6.9% 46.2 43.3% 50.2%
Nishtar Town 161.9 14.4 8.9% 66.2 40.9% 49.8%
Iqbal Town 177.1 49.6 28.0% 60.9 34.4% 62.4%
Cantonment Tehsil 161.3 64.2 39.8% 54.4 33.7% 73.5%
Ferozewala Tehsil* 98.4 8.8 8.9% 34.7 35.3% 44.2%
Sheikhupura Muridke Tehsil* 44.8 3.0 6.7% 12.6 28.1% 34.8%
Sharaqpur Sharif Tehsil* 27.9 4.0 14.3% 9.4 33.7% 48.0%
Kasur Tehsil* 28.1 6.4 22.8% 5.8 20.6% 43.4%
Kasur
Pattoki Tehsil* 33.2 1.8 5.4% 8.2 24.7% 30.1%
Lahore 1,533.6 298.6 19.5% 687.0 44.8% 64.3%
Sheikhupura* 171.1 15.8 9.2% 56.7 33.1% 42.4%
Kasur* 61.3 8.2 13.4% 14.0 22.8% 36.2%
LUTMP Study Area Total 1,766.0 322.6 18.3% 757.7 42.9% 61.2%
Note * Part of Tehsil in Study Area
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 20000
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100000
120000
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Vehicle Ownership (2)

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MC
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Others
Bicycle

Car/Van
QUESTIONS !!!!