Wi Fi Calling PDF

WI-FI CALLING – A POWERFUL
CUSTOMER RETENTION TOOL

JOHAN TERVE, VP MARKETING
1
ABOUT APTILO NETWORKS
• Market leader in Wi-Fi Service Management
• 100+ deployments in 70 countries
• Critical component for Wi-Fi calling & offloading
• Software solution & cloud service
• Reliable partner to leading telecom vendors
• HQ in Stockholm, Sweden
2
OUR PRODUCT APTILO SMP
3
SOME OF OUR CUSTOMERS
100+ Carrier Wi-Fi customers
in more than 70 countries
4
AGENDA
WHY SHOULD OPERATORS CARE ABOUT WI-FI?
WHAT IS NEXT-GENERATION WI-FI CALLING ?
BENEFITS OF WI-FI CALLING
WHAT ABOUT QOS FOR WI-FI CALLING?
IS IT REALLY ENOUGH TO RELY ON A STANDARD 3GPP AAA?
TURNKEY SOLUTION OR BEST-OF-BREED?
CALL FLOWS IN NEXT-GENERATION WI-FI CALLING
5
THE TELECOM LANDSCAPE IS CHANGING
#1
Rich
Cable Fast
MSO
Content Reason for
(TV, Games etc.)
Cable MSO
Basic MNO Slow to go
Fixed Mobile
Mobility 6
#1
20-30% 10-15%
70-80% CELL 85-90%
Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Reason for

MNO to go
TODAY IN A FEW YEARS
Churn
Mobile Something I
Broadband use between
Provider Wi-Fi Hotspots
7
SIM-Card? Landline?
#2
What about my Why?
other devices ?
Reason for Cable MSO

and MNO to go
AND
NEW WAYS OF THINKING BY THE YOUNGER GENERATION 8

Wi-Fi will prevail !
It’s up to Cable MSOs and MNOs

to capture this opportunity.
#3 reason
9
WHAT IS THE COST OF CHURN?
Cost to recruit a new customer, compensating for the one that churned
USD EUR
268 250
The cost of churn and churn
prevention is typically around 15%
of mobile service revenue – in
214 200 some cases above 20%
EUR per contract customer
This is 1.5-2.5 Billion / year

for a 10 Billion operator.
161 150
What ifNLWi-Fi
T-Mobile, could reduce
T-Mobile,
this by AT
just 10%?
107 100 KPN, NL (SAC/SRC consumer)
EE, UK
150+ Million is a decent
Wi-Fi budget!
54 50
0
Source:
T-Mobile, NL T-Mobile, AT KPN, NL EE, UK www.tefficient.com 10
CAN WI-FI ATTRACT NEW CUSTOMERS?
58% of respondents (and more for 4G subs.)

would churn to a mobile operator that
provided public Wi-Fi connectivity as
part of the subscription
Surveys aren’t the same as reality, but results signal how strong value there is in Wi-Fi
Arqiva and Analysys Mason primary research on 2000 UK respondents http://www.arqiva.com/downloads/public-wi-fi-in-a-4g-world.html 11

AGENDA
12
NEXT-GEN WI-FI CALLING ON THE MOVE
DEVICE SUPPORT
• Apple iPhone 6
• Samsung Galaxy S6
Sep 2014 Apr 2015 • MS Lumina 640
Apr 2015
WHO’S NEXT ?
WHO’S NEXT ?
13
NATIVE WI-FI CALLING
Example of user experience : iPhone 6 14

NATIVE WI-FI CALLING ON IPHONE 6
Wi-Fi
LTE Calling Wi-Fi
strength Operator Symbol strength
T-Mobile’s Wi-Fi
Calling symbol

NATIVE WI-FI CALLING ON IPHONE 6
Same voice dialer

Same phone number

WHAT IS NEXT-GEN WI-FI CALLING?
Voice over LTE (VoLTE)
LTE
IMS Core Circuit
S-GW P-GW
VoLTE/VoWi-Fi Switched
LTE RAN
Wi-Fi
ePDG
Wi-Fi RAN
Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)
17
LTE
IMS Core Circuit
S-GW P-GW
LTE RAN
Wi-Fi
1 ePDG
Native support: Wi-Fi RAN
• VoWi-Fi Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)

• VoLTE
• Call Transfer
VoWi-Fi  VoLTE
Same
Dialer
18
LTE
IMS Core Circuit
S-GW P-GW
LTE RAN
Wi-Fi
1 ePDG

• VoLTE 2
• Call Transfer
VoWi-Fi  VoLTE Secure IPSec tunnel
Same going through ANY
Dialer Wi-Fi Network
19
LTE
IMS Core Circuit
S-GW P-GW
LTE RAN
Wi-Fi
1 ePDG

• VoLTE 2
• Call Transfer 3
Same going through ANY ePDG terminating
Dialer Wi-Fi Network IPSec and connecting
with P-GW
20
LTE
IMS Core Circuit
S-GW P-GW
LTE RAN
4
Wi-Fi IMS with support for
VoWi-Fi and VoLTE
1 ePDG
connecting to PSTN

• VoLTE 2
• Call Transfer 3
Same going through ANY ePDG terminating
Dialer Wi-Fi Network IPSec and connecting
with P-GW
21
LTE
IMS Core Circuit
S-GW P-GW
LTE RAN
4
Wi-Fi IMS with support for
VoWi-Fi and VoLTE
1 ePDG
connecting to PSTN

• VoLTE 2 5
• Call Transfer 3 3GPP AAA
Secure IPSec tunnel Authenticating
VoWi-Fi  VoLTE
Same going through ANY ePDG terminating and Authorizing
Dialer Wi-Fi Network IPSec and connecting the Wi-Fi Calling
with P-GW service
3GPP AAA
22
AGENDA
23
WI-FI CALLING BENEFITS - SUBSCRIBER
• Cellular Voice / Text Services reach into my home
• I can cancel my landline and rely on mobile only
• Seamless experience
• Integrated into my smartphone
• Calls transfer LTE  Wi-Fi without interruption
• I can make calls from abroad using local rates

• At least if my operator applies T-Mobile’s policy
• HD voice calls
Also available for VoLTE
• Faster Call Setup
24
24
WI-FI CALLING BENEFITS - OPERATOR
• Enhanced indoor coverage improves customer satisfaction
• Same charging models as for cellular voice
• Roaming may be a game changer in the industry
• No need to invest in femtocells or DAS to cover residents

• Large savings in both CAPEX and OPEX
• Small Cells still an option for dense areas
• Back in the driving seat – OTT less important for subs.

• Works over any Wi-Fi connection
• Low barrier for operators with existing IMS
• Only need to deploy ePDG and 3GPP AAA
• First mover will attract new subscribers 25

AGENDA
26
QOS – GLASS HALF FULL OR HALF EMPTY?
27
Wi-Fi has limited

QoS control !
28
Outdoor Indoor
Wi-Fi has limited Limited QoS

QoS control ! guarantee indoors 1 watt 0,001
anyway for cellular ! watt
Signal -30 db
29
Outdoor Indoor

Signal -30 db
I can control WMM

QoS in my VSA
own Wi-Fi.
30
Outdoor Indoor

Signal -30 db
I can control WMM

QoS in my VSA
own Wi-Fi.
Enough
capacity
in Wi-Fi ?
31
Outdoor Indoor

Signal -30 db
Home
I can control WMM
QoS in my VSA
own Wi-Fi.
10 Mbps 1.000 Calls

Enough Often excess or 333 HD
capacity in a Voice
capacity
in Wi-Fi ? 802.11ac Wi-Fi network
1.3 Gbps
32
Outdoor Indoor

Signal -30 db
Home
I can control WMM
SET THE RIGHT QoS in my VSA
EXPECTATIONS own Wi-Fi.
“Mobile voice services
wherever you are 10 Mbps 1.000 Calls
connected to Wi-Fi, Often excess or 333 HD
Enough to the capabilities of
capacity in a Voice
capacity that Wi-Fi network”
in Wi-Fi ? 802.11ac Wi-Fi network
1.3 Gbps
33
AGENDA
34
THE 3GPP AAA FUNCTION IN WI-FI CALLING
HSS 3GPP AAA

SWx
User connects ANY

to ANY Wi-Fi Wi-Fi
SWm S6b
network
ePDG PGW
1
EAP-AKA IMS PSTN
35
THE 3GPP AAA FUNCTION IN WI-FI CALLING
3GPP AAA authenticates and

authorize user for
Wi-Fi Calling
2
HSS 3GPP AAA
SWx
User connects ANY

to ANY Wi-Fi Wi-Fi
SWm S6b
network
ePDG PGW
1
EAP-AKA IMS PSTN
36
APTILO’S ADDITIONAL “SMARTS”
• The Aptilo SMP Wi-Fi Calling solution Other Db CRM
provides optional “smarts”: Policy
lookups
• Additional multiple source look-ups for D´/ non-SIM Policy
HLR Gr`
service or user related policy decisions. Support Lookup
PCRF
Gx
Wi-Fi Calling
HSS 3GPP AAA
SWx Policy
Aptilo SMP Wi-Fi Calling
ANY
Wi-Fi S6b
SWm
ePDG PGW
IPSec Tunnel (SWu) GTP (S2b) SGi
EAP-AKA IMS PSTN
37
37
lookups
HLR Gr`
PCRF
Gx
• Support for non-SIM device provisioned HSS 3GPP AAA
Wi-Fi Calling
SWx Policy
by a Wi-Fi Calling application.
ANY
Wi-Fi S6b
SWm
ePDG PGW
EAP-AKA IMS PSTN
38
38
lookups
HLR Gr`
PCRF
Gx
Wi-Fi Calling
SWx Policy
• Support for HLR. ANY
Wi-Fi S6b
SWm
ePDG PGW
EAP-AKA IMS PSTN
39
lookups
HLR Gr`
PCRF
Gx
Wi-Fi Calling
SWx Policy
• Support for HLR. ANY
Wi-Fi SWa S6b
• User / Device Authentication and SWm
Authorization for Wi-Fi access. Access
ePDG PGW
Gateway
EAP-AKA IMS PSTN
40
AGENDA
41
TURN-KEY SOLUTIONS
VENDOR A VENDOR B
HSS/HLR 3GPP AAA 3GPP AAA HSS/HLR
ePDG ePDG
I got somebody to hang if
something goes wrong.
AP AP AP AP
42
VENDOR LOCK-IN BY TURN-KEY SOLUTIONS
VENDOR A Our 3GPP VENDOR B
It will only work
AAA works
HSS/HLR 3GPP AAA with our own 3GPP AAA HSS/HLR
best with our
3GPP AAA.
HSS.
ePDG ePDG
If you go with
Want to build
our Wi-Fi and
Wi-Fi? It’s ok
Gateways, you
as long as you AP AP
AP AP will get the AAA
go with us or
for free!
vendor F.
43
VENDOR LOCK-IN BY TURN-KEY SOLUTIONS
VENDOR A Our 3GPP VENDOR B
It will only work
AAA works
HSS/HLR 3GPP AAA with our own 3GPP AAA HSS/HLR
best with our
3GPP AAA.
HSS.
ePDG ePDG
If you go with
Want to build
our Wi-Fi and
Wi-Fi? It’s ok
Gateways, you
as long as you AP AP
AP AP will get the AAA
go with us or
for free!
vendor F.
Why are some vendors only pro What if my turn-key vendor

standards when they are sitting in terminates a critical product line?
the standardization meetings?
Is there really such a
How can I get the best thing as a free lunch?
functions to stay competitive?
44
WHY GO BEST-OF-BREED?
• Avoid vendor lock-in
Vendor agnostic AAA
• Choose best product may be only 10% of
3GPP
your investment……but
• Avoid supply risks AAA
Vendor Agnostic
• Increase competition ….what if it make you

save just 11% on the
ANY Mobile
remaining 90%?
Core Vendor
HSS HSS HSS
ePDG ePDG ePDG ePDG
ANY Wi-Fi Infrastructure Vendor
AP AP AP AP AP AP AP AP
45
WHY GO BEST-OF-BREED?
• Avoid vendor lock-in
Vendor agnostic AAA
• Choose best product may be only 10% of
3GPP
your investment……but
• Avoid supply risks AAA
Vendor Agnostic
• Increase competition ….what if it make you

save just 11% on the
ANY Mobile
• Aptilo SMP enable best-of-breed Core Vendor
remaining 90%?
• 100+ deployments with all leading

HSS HSS HSS
vendors in more than 70 countries
• Pre-enabled adaptations ePDG ePDG ePDG ePDG
with vendor specific

attributes (VSA) ANY Wi-Fi Infrastructure Vendor
AP AP AP AP AP AP AP AP
46
AGENDA
47
EPDG TUNNEL SETUP
1• UE attach to Wi-Fi and obtain IP connectivity
Circuit IMS Core
2• Switched VoLTE/VoWiFi
UE selects ePDG based on static IP configuration or DNS
3• UE and ePDG perform mutual authentication during IPsec tunnel 3GPP AAA
establishment using public key certificates
HSS Aptilo SMP
4• UE sends encapsulated EAP-AKA messages over IKEv2 to ePDG incl. SWx Wi-Fi Calling
SGi
user identity (NAI) and potential APN (for IMS) SWm S6b
6 8
5• ePDG de-capsulates EAP-AKA messages and sends to AAA 7

for authentication and authorization 9
6• AAA fetch AKA authentication vectors generated by P-GW

the HSS (if not available). AAA extract IMSI for the user
Wi-Fi RAN
7• AAA initiates the authentication challenge with Untrusted
ePDG and UE 3 4 5 S2b
1 (GTP or PMIPv6)
8• If successful, the AAA initiates the subscriber ePDG
profile retrieval with the HSS to check if the user IPSec (SWu)
is authorized for the untrusted access and sends IPSec
Wi-Fi termination
server registration.
EAP-AKA
2
-EAP-AKA or AKA’ required for authentication
9• If successful, the AAA sends the final authentication
answer incl. IMSI and MSK (Master Session Key)
-The username part of NAI is based on IMSI 48
INITIAL ATTACH WITH GTP
•
10 PGW connection information is returned by the AAA as part of the response to the ePDG. Info on APN-AMBR, static QoS profile can be included.
•
11 If the UE has provided an APN, the ePDG verifies that it is allowed by the user’s subscription.
If the UE has not provided an APN, the ePDG selects a default APN. Circuit IMS Core
Switched VoLTE/VoWiFi
•
12 The ePDG sends a Create Session Request (incl. info on IMSI, APN,
RAT type, PDN address, EPS Bearer Identity, Default EPS Bearer QoS,
APN-AMBR, Charging Characteristics) message to the PGW
Aptilo SMP
3GPP AAA
HSS
•
13 The PGW creates a new entry based on the EPS Bearer Identity and SWx Wi-Fi Calling
SGi
generates a Charging Id. The new entry allows the PGW to route
14 SWm S6b 14
user plane traffic between the ePDG and the packet data network 17
and to start charging. If required, the PGW performs authentication
and authorization with the AAA to get access for the given APN.
10
•
14 The selected PGW informs the AAA on its identity and
the selected S2b protocol variant (here GTP). The AAA P-GW
then informs the HSS of the PGW identity and 13
Wi-Fi RAN 17
the associated APN.
Untrusted 15
• The PGW returns a Create Session Response 16 17 12 S2b
15
message to the ePDG incl. the UE IP address. 11 (GTP or PMIPv6)
ePDG
IPSec (SWu)
16• The ePDG is now authenticated by the UE and IPSec
ePDG sends IP address to UE. Wi-Fi termination
•
17 IP connectivity is setup and packets are tunneled to and from - IMSI is used for user identification on
UE and PGW through IPSec and GTP. From the PGW to IMS, the GTPv2 based S2b interface
normal IP-based routing takes place. EAP-AKA 49
No one knows Carrier
Q&A
Wi-Fi better than we do!
Multitude of Wi-Fi Business

Models, login & billing options
+100 Carrier Wi-Fi Customers
in more than 70 countries
Best-of-Breed Pre-integrated
Wi-Fi features
Vast experience with
mobile core integration Large-Scale Carrier Wi-Fi
deployments
50
ACRONYMS
51
51
BACKUP SLIDES
FOR Q&A
52
52
ROAMING – 3GPP OPTIONS
• 3GPP describes two options of roaming for “untrusted” access
• Routed to Home PGW/IMS
• Local Breakout (LBO) to Visited PGW/IMS
• Both options require an ePDG in the visited network

• The 3GPP two options facilitates that full control of the UE location can
be achieved and international calls can be allowed/denied as a policy
decision by the home operator. Differentiated charging is possible.
53
3GPP ROAMING SCENARIO: HOME
ROUTED AAA
Home
Circuit
HSS hPCRF IMS Core
SWx Server Rx Switched
VoLTE/VoWiFi
S6b
Gx
SGi
Gxb
P-GW
Home operator
Visited network
SWm
EAP-AKA
Wi-Fi S2b
(GTP or PMIPv6)
IPSec
(SWu) ePDG
Wi-Fi RAN
IPSec termination
Untrusted
54
3GPP ROAMING SCENARIO: LBO
AAA
HSS hPCRF
SWx Server
Home operator
Visited network
Visted
Circuit
SWd S9 IMS Core Switched
Rx VoLTE/VoWiFi
AAA vPCRF
proxy SGi
Gx
S6b
P-GW
Gxb
EAP-AKA SWm
Wi-Fi S2b
(GTP or PMIPv6)
IPSec
(SWu) ePDG
Wi-Fi RAN
IPSec termination
Untrusted
55
ROAMING: CONTROLLING INT. WI-FI CALLS
• In initial deployments, the UE will connect directly with the home ePDG
without any visited ePDG involved
• For this setup, no native information is available on what Wi-Fi network and in
which country the roaming UE voice client is connected
• cmp T-Mobile’s international Wi-Fi Calling rates to US numbers
• Two possible solutions to manage the inherent lack of

location info:
• based on the UE source IP address the ePDG could pass on information over SWm
using AVP Visited-Network-Identifier to the AAA server. An additional IP registry
database look-up (e.g. with ARIN, RIPE, APNIC, etc.) would be required.
-> will require ePDG support
• policy decision to authorize/deny the Wi-Fi Calling service based on UE location info
available in HSS
56
ROAMING: CONNECTING TO HOME EPDG
IMS Core Circuit
VoLTE/VoWiFi Switched
Home
3GPP AAA
Visited operator
HSS Aptilo SMP
network SWx Wi-Fi Calling
SGi
SWm S6b
P-GW
EAP-AKA
Wi-Fi S2b
(GTP or PMIPv6)
IPSec
(SWu) ePDG
Wi-Fi RAN
IPSec termination
Untrusted
57
UE/EPDG INITIATED DETACH (S6B)
Triggers
- UE lost Wi-Fi connection or power off
- IKEv2 tunnel release
58
HSS/AAA INITIATED DETACH (S6B)
Triggers:
- Re-authentication timeout
- User’s subscription removed
59
PGW RESOURCE DEACTIVATION (S6B)
Trigger
- Handover Wi-Fi – LTE: connections associated with the PDN are released but the PDN IP
address is maintained in the PGW as the anchor point
60
HANDOVER - UNTRUSTED WI-FI TO LTE
61
HANDOVER - LTE TO UNTRUSTED WI-FI
62

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WI-FI CALLING – A POWERFUL

CUSTOMER RETENTION TOOL

• 100+ deployments in 70 countries

• Critical component for Wi-Fi calling & offloading

• Software solution & cloud service

• Reliable partner to leading telecom vendors

70-80% CELL 85-90%

Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Reason for

Reason for Cable MSO

NEW WAYS OF THINKING BY THE YOUNGER GENERATION 8

Wi-Fi will prevail !

It’s up to Cable MSOs and MNOs

This is 1.5-2.5 Billion / year

58% of respondents (and more for 4G subs.)

Arqiva and Analysys Mason primary research on 2000 UK respondents http://www.arqiva.com/downloads/public-wi-fi-in-a-4g-world.html 11

Example of user experience : iPhone 6 14

Example of user experience : iPhone 6 15

Same voice dialer

Example of user experience : iPhone 6 16

Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)

Native support: Wi-Fi RAN

• VoWi-Fi Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)

Native support: Wi-Fi RAN

• VoWi-Fi Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)

Native support: Wi-Fi RAN

• VoWi-Fi Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)

• VoWi-Fi Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)

• VoWi-Fi Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWi-Fi)

• I can make calls from abroad using local rates

• No need to invest in femtocells or DAS to cover residents

• Back in the driving seat – OTT less important for subs.

• First mover will attract new subscribers 25

Wi-Fi has limited

Wi-Fi has limited Limited QoS

Wi-Fi has limited Limited QoS

I can control WMM

Wi-Fi has limited Limited QoS

I can control WMM

Wi-Fi has limited Limited QoS

10 Mbps 1.000 Calls

Wi-Fi has limited Limited QoS

HSS 3GPP AAA

User connects ANY

EAP-AKA IMS PSTN

3GPP AAA authenticates and

User connects ANY

EAP-AKA IMS PSTN

IPSec Tunnel (SWu) GTP (S2b) SGi

EAP-AKA IMS PSTN

IPSec Tunnel (SWu) GTP (S2b) SGi

EAP-AKA IMS PSTN

IPSec Tunnel (SWu) GTP (S2b) SGi

EAP-AKA IMS PSTN

EAP-AKA IMS PSTN

Why are some vendors only pro What if my turn-key vendor

• Increase competition ….what if it make you

ePDG ePDG ePDG ePDG

ANY Wi-Fi Infrastructure Vendor

• Increase competition ….what if it make you

• 100+ deployments with all leading

with vendor specific

5• ePDG de-capsulates EAP-AKA messages and sends to AAA 7

6• AAA fetch AKA authentication vectors generated by P-GW