MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

RUMUS MATEMATIK

The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are
the ones commonly used.
Rumus-rumus berikut boleh membantu anda menjawab soalan. Simbol-simbol yang diberi
adalah yang biasa digunakan.

RELATIONS
PERKAITAN

Distance travelled
1 𝑎𝑚 × 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚+𝑛 6 Average speed =
Time taken
2 𝑎𝑚 ÷ 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚−𝑛 𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑦𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑖
𝑃𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑗𝑢 =
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑦𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑙
3 (𝑎𝑚 )𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚𝑛
Sum of data
4 Distance / Jarak 7 Mean =
Number of data
=  x2  x1 2   y2  y1 2 𝐻𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑙 𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑎ℎ 𝑛𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑖 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎
𝑀𝑖𝑛 =
𝐵𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎
5 Midpoint / Titik tengah
 x1  x 2 y1  y 2 
(x,y)=  ,  8 Pythagoras’ Theorem /
 2 2 
Teorem Pythagoras

𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
 2

SHAPES AND SPACE

BENTUK DAN RUANG

1 Area of rectangle = Length × Width

Luas segi empat tepat = Panjang × Lebar

1
2 Area of triangle = × Base × Height
2
1
Luas segi tiga = × Tapak × Tinggi
2

3 Area of parallelogram = Base × Height

Luas segi empat selari = Tapak × Tinggi

1
4 Area of trapezium = × Sum of parallel sides × Height
2
1
Luas trapezium = × Hasil tambah dua sisi selari × Tinggi
2

5 Circumference of circle = d = 2r

Lilitan bulatan = 𝑑 = 2𝑗

6 Area of circle = r 2
Luas bulatan = 𝑗 2

7 Curved surface area of cylinder = 2rh

Luas permukaan melengkung silinder = 2𝑗𝑡

8 Surface area of sphere = 4r 2

Luas permukaaan sfera = 4𝑗 2

9 Volume of right prism = Cross sectional area × Length

Isipadu prisma tegak = Luas keratan rentas × Panjang

10 Volume of cuboid = Length × Width × Height

Isipadu kuboid = Panjang × Lebar × Tinggi

11 Volume of cylinder = r 2 h
Isipadu silinder = 𝑗 2 𝑡

1
12 Volume of cone = r 2 h
3
1
Isipadu kon = 𝑗 2 𝑡
3
 3

4
13 Volume of sphere = r 3
3
4
Isipadu sfera = 𝑗 3
3

1
14 Volume of right pyramid = × Base area × Height
3
1
Isipadu piramid tegak = × Luas tapak × Tinggi
3

15 Sum of interior angles of a polygon = (n − 2) × 180˚

Hasil tambah sudut pedalaman poligon = (𝑛 − 2) × 180˚

16 Arc length Angle subtended at centre

=
Circumference of circle 360˚
𝑃𝑎𝑛𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑘𝑜𝑘 𝑆𝑢𝑑𝑢𝑡 𝑝𝑢𝑠𝑎𝑡
=
𝐿𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛 360˚

17 Area of sector Angle subtended at centre

=
Area of circle 360˚
𝐿𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑒𝑘𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑆𝑢𝑑𝑢𝑡 𝑝𝑢𝑠𝑎𝑡
=
𝐿𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛 360˚

PA′
18 Scale factor , k =
PA
𝑃𝐴′
Faktor skala , 𝑘 =
𝑃𝐴

19 Area of image = k 2 × Area of object

Luas imej = 𝑘 2 × Luas objek