Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 1

EU-Russia Regulatory Dialogue: Construction Sector Subgroup

Seminar ‘ Bridge Design with Eurocodes’

JRC-Ispra, 1-2 October 2012

O
Organized
i d and
d supported
t dbby
European Commission
DG Joint Research Centre
DG Enterprise and Industry

Russian Federation
Federal Highway Agency, Ministry of Transport

European Committee for Standardization

TC250 Structural Eurocodes
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 2

Seismic design of bridges

Prof. Ing. Giuseppe Mancini

Politecnico di Torino – Italy
Sintecna Ltd - Italy
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 3

SEISMIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES

Taller piers work better:
Pinerolo bridge
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 4

Pier
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 5

The height off

the pier has
been enhanced
700 t 10 m b
to by

640
placing the
extrados of the

H
400
Ground level
foundation more
400

100

than 2 m below

360
200250 the ground
level In such a
level.
150 way we get :

- longitudinal direction
H/LX=10/1=10.0>3.5 qx=3.5
- transverse direction:
H/LX=10.0/4.0=2.5 qy=2.5
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 6

Pier base section

x
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 7

Pier reinforcement: base and top sections

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 8

Pos Shape L N° W Pos Shape L N° W

Pier reinforcement: base

and top sections
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 9

Reinforcement under bearings

section
i Top view
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 10

Reinforcement of seismic end of strokes

section Front view

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 11

Reinforcement table
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 12

Seismic end of stroke (on piers and abutments)

Bridge deck

M12
M12
Grouting fasteners
fasteners
Grouting
Neoprene layer Neoprene layer
60x40x6.9 cm 60x40x6.9 cm
Steel plate Steel plate
Sealing S275 JR S275 JR
Policloroprene S li
Sealing
(hardness Sh A605) Policloroprene
(hardness Sh
A605)

Abutment or pier
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 13

Reinforcement cage
g of
the pier
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 14

Detail of reinforcement cage at the foot of the pier

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 15

SEISMIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES

H t
Hysteretic
ti ddamping
i bearings
b i application:
li ti
Highway in Algeria
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 16

General dimensions

Carriageway in direction of Oran

Segments for each half hammer

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 17

Construction by launching girder

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 18

Tallest pier  24 m Shortest pier  6.5 m

COUPE A
A-A
A

DE
AXE GENER ALE D
Ech: 1/50

L'AUTOR OUTE
COUPE A-A

TRACAGE
AXE GEN ER ALE DE

AXE D E
Ech: 1/50

L 'A UT OR OU TE
T R AC AGE
AXE DE
CHAUSSEE VERS ORAN
COUPE B-B
CHAUSSEE VERS ORAN
Ech: 1/50
COUPE B-B
Ech: 1/50 ALGER ORAN
ALGER ORAN

C C C C
C C C C

AXE D E
LA PILE

AXE DE
LA PILE
E E E E
AXE DE
L A PI LE

AXE DE
L A PI LE

E E E E
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 19

Hysteretic damping bearings scheme

Long. sledge Trans. sledge i li ti

inclination
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 20

Longitudinal damper
Frontt
F
view

Top
view
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 21

Front view
VUE FRONTALE
Transverse damper
Assonometric view
VUE AXONOMETRIQUE
A

PLAN
Top
p view

Longitudinal axis
of the bridge

A-A (1 : 3) A
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 22

Finite element model – non linear analysis

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 23

Finite element model – non linear analysis

X axis = East – West direction

Y axis = North – South direction
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 24

1st Accelerograms
X direction
di ti (horizontal)
(h i t l)
0.4000

0 3000
0.3000

0.2000

0.1000

ag/g
0.0000
0 00
0.00 5 00
5.00 10 00
10.00 15 00
15.00 20 00
20.00 25 00
25.00

-0.1000

-0.2000

-0.3000

-0.4000

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 25

1st Accelerograms
Y direction (horizontal)
0.4000

0 3000
0.3000

0.2000

0.1000

ag/g
0.0000
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

-0.1000

-0.2000

-0.3000

-0.4000

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 26

1st Accelerograms
Z di
direction
ti (vertical)
( ti l)
0.4000

0.3000

0.2000

0.1000

ag/g
0.0000
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00

-0.1000

-0.2000
0 2000

-0.3000

-0.4000

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 27

1st Accelerograms spectrum

X direction (horizontal)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 28

1st Accelerograms spectrum

Y di
direction
ti (horizontal)
(h i t l)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 29

1st Accelerograms spectrum

Z direction (vertical)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 30

1st Accelerograms
Longitudinal (abutment C1) damper displacements
m]
Displaccement [m

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 31

1st Accelerograms
Longitudinal (abutment C1) damper reaction
Forrce [kN]

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 32

1st Accelerograms
Longitudinal (abutment C1) damper reaction vs. displacement
Forrce [kN]

Displacement [m]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 33

1st Accelerograms
Transverse Pier P1 damper displacements
m]
Displacement [m

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 34

1st Accelerograms
Transverse Pier P1 damper reaction
Forcce [kN]

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 35

1st Accelerograms
Transverse Pier P1 damper reaction vs. displacement
Forcce [kN]

Displacement [m]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 36

Piers dimensions and orientation of the internal actions

M3

M2
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 37

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

Maximum F1 (axial force)
g the pier [m]
Vertical coordinate along

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 38

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

Maximum M2 (transverse bending moment)
g the pierr [m]
Vertiical coordiinate along

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 39

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

Maximum M3 (longitudinal bending moment)
g the pier [m]
nate along
Verticcal coordin

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 40

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

Minimum F1 (axial force)
g the pier [m]
nate along
Verticcal coordin

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 41

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

Minimum M2 (transverse bending moment)
g the pier [m]
nate along
Verticcal coordin

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 42

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

Minimum M3 (longitudinal bending moment)
g the pier [m]
Vertical coordinate along

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 43

Pier P1 (25m tall) reinforcement (base section)

 Pos Shape L N° W
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 44

Pier P1 reinforcement table

Total weight 37019 kg

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 45

SEISMIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES

Lead-rubber bearings application:
Highway in Sicily
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 46

General dimensions

2 decks made of three 90m spans each with 53m tall piers
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 47

Two solutions:
Hysteretic
y Damping
p g Bearings
g (HDB)
( )
Type 1 Type 2 Type 2 Type 1

Type 1 Type 2 Type 2 Type 1

Transverse HDB

Longitudinal HDB
Two direction free bearing

Lead rubber bearings (LRB)

Lead rubber bearing LRB

Two direction free bearing

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 48

Hysteretic damping Bearings

Type1 Type2 Type3

Front fy [kN] 1750 1950 7250
view fu [kN] 2012.5 2242.5 8337.5
y [mm] 10 10 10
u [mm] 150 150 150
K1 [[kN/m]] 175000 195000 725000
K2 [kN/m] 1875 2089.286 7767.857

Top
view
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 49

Lead rubber bearings

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 50

Finite element model – non linear analysis

x
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 51

1st Accelerograms
X direction
d (h
(horizontal)
l)

ag/g

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 52

1st Accelerograms
Y direction (horizontal)

ag/g

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 53

1st Accelerograms
Z direction (vertical)

ag/g

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 54

1st Accelerograms spectrum

X direction
di ti (horizontal)
(h i t l)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 55

1st Accelerograms spectrum

Y direction (horizontal)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 56

1st Accelerograms spectrum

Z di
direction
ti (vertical)
( ti l)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 57

1st Accelerograms – Lead Rubber Bearings

Pier P2 longitudinal damper displacements
m]
Displaccement [m

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 58

1st Accelerograms – Lead Rubber Bearings

Pier P2 longitudinal damper reaction
Forcce [kN]

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 59

1st Accelerograms – Lead Rubber Bearings

Pier P2 longitudinal damper reaction vs. displacement
Forrce [kN]

Displacement [m]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 60

1st Accelerograms – Lead Rubber Bearings

Pier P2 transverse damper displacements
m]
Displaccement [m

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 61

1st Accelerograms – Lead Rubber Bearings

Pier P2 transverse damper reaction
Force [kN]

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 62

1st Accelerograms – Lead Rubber Bearings

Pier P2 transverse damper reaction vs. displacement
Force [kN]

Displacement [m]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 63

1st Accelerograms – Hysteretic Damper Bearings

Pier P2 transverse damper displacements
m]
Displaccement [m

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 64

1st Accelerograms – Hysteretic Damper Bearings

Pier P2 transverse damper reaction
Forrce [kN]

Time [s]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 65

1st Accelerograms – Hysteretic Damper Bearings

Pier P2 transverse damper reaction vs. displacement
Force [kN]

Displacement [m]
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 66

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1max M2max M3max
ng the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment
Verttical coordinate alon

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 67

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1min M2min M3min
ng the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment
Verttical coordinate alon

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 68

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1max M2max M3min
ng the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment
Vertical coordinate alon

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 69

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1max M2min M3max
Vertiical coordiinate along the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 70

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1max M2min M3min
ng the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment
Vertical coordinate alon

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 71

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1min M2max M3max
ng the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment
Vertical coordinate alon

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 72

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1min M2max M3min
Vertiical coordiinate along the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 73

Pier P1 design internal actions – Seismic combination

F1min M2min M3max
Vertiical coordiinate along the pierr [m]

F1 = axial force
M2 = transverse bending moment
M3 = longitudinal bending moment

Internal action F1=N[kN] M2,M3 [kNm]

Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 74

Pier P1 (53m tall)

reinforcement
Upper half
(front view and
vertical section)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 75

Pier P1 ((53m tall))

reinforcement
(section B-B)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 76

Pier P1 (53m tall)

reinforcement
Lower half
(front view and
vertical section)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 77

Pier P1 (53m tall) reinforcement

Base (front view and vertical section)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 78

Pier P1 (53m
( 3 tall)
ll)
reinforcement
(section A-A)
A A)
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 79

Pier P1 (53m tall)

reinforcement table

Pos Sh
Shape
Seminar ‘Bridge Design with Eurocodes’ – JRC Ispra, 1-2 October 2012 80

Thank you for the

kind attention