IMLC Booklet PDF

IMLC 2019 1
IMLC 2019
PROGRAMME & ABSTRACT BOOK
International Multilingual Conference on

Post-Conflict Literature, Trauma and Global Peace
April 29-30, 2019
Faculty of Languages
National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad
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Table of Contents
Concept Note .................................................................................................................................. 3

Acknowledgments........................................................................................................................... 5
Noam Chomsky on IMLC-2019 ..................................................................................................... 7
Message from the Rector ................................................................................................................ 8
Message from Director General ...................................................................................................... 9
Message from the Dean ................................................................................................................ 10
IMLC 2019 Organizing Committee .............................................................................................. 11
Keynote Speakers.......................................................................................................................... 12
Invited National Speakers ............................................................................................................. 13
Conference Chairs ......................................................................................................................... 14
Presenters ...................................................................................................................................... 16
Program ......................................................................................................................................... 20
Abstracts – Keynote ...................................................................................................................... 32
Abstracts – Invited Speakers ......................................................................................................... 39
Abstracts – Presenters ................................................................................................................... 42
Conference Committees .............................................................................................................. 103
Contributors of Art for Peace Competition ................................................................................. 107
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Concept Note
Since the end of Cold War, Pakistan, like some other countries in the Global South, has
remained frontally engaged in regional and global conflicts such as wars in Afghanistan and
Kashmir. The 9/11 attacks became a perpetual tragedy for Pakistan as it got embroiled in the
global war against terror, led by the United States of America and its Allies, resulting in deeply
traumatic experiences for its people. One measure of these conflicts and traumas is the vast array
of creative writings emanating from Pakistan, in its national and regional languages, especially
during the last two decades. Pakistan, however, is not an exception; human tragedy escalated
further into the Middle East and beyond, due to aggressions and invasions of the powers who
also monopolized trauma studies. Decolonizing this important field of critical inquiry and
bringing a theoretical shift from a Euro-American understanding towards new forms of
holocausts is the main focus of this interdisciplinary and multilingual conference.
It also seeks to debate how literary praxis can be transformative in the aftermath of
military conflicts and resultant psycho-social trauma. To this end, the conference foregrounds
human tragedy not only in Palestine, Syria, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Myanmar (the Rohingya
massacre), but in Pakistan post 9/11 and the global war on terror.
The recent history of these regions makes them highly productive sites for examining the
role of literature in the aftermath of the war.
Conference Themes:
1. Narratives and testimonies of trauma in social reality and its cultural production
2. Trauma in modern and contemporary literature, film and arts
3. Therapeutic and constructive role of post-conflict literature
4. Trauma politics
5. Nine-elevenism
6. Materiality of trauma and political economy of war
7. Oral narratives of war trauma
8. Humanitarianism, refugees, and trauma
9. Situating women in war and trauma
10. Mental health and humanitarian psychiatry
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11. Semiotics of suffering in arts

12. Trauma from the margins: exporting/importing trauma
13. Peace, reconciliation, and justice
14. Pedagogical challenges of reconciliation and peace
15. Developing theoretical framework for peace education
16. Inventing spaces for emotional praxis
Conference Vision and its Languages

Sessions of the conference are arranged in English, Urdu, Arabic, Persian and other
regional and national languages of Pakistan. NUML has the unique distinction of offering more
than 20 language programmes. The aim of holding multi-lingual conference is to investigate
literary and cultural responses to various armed conflicts and their traumatic aftermaths.
Art for Peace Competition

An Art for Peace competition is also arranged in which we have received 80 art
submissions from a number of countries. The list of the participants, with brief introduction of
their submissions is given at the end of this book.
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Acknowledgments
―If you want to go fast, go alone; if you want to go far go together." (African Proverb)
Since Team IMLC-2019 started its work last year, it has come a long way, despite numerous
hiccups. The most disheartening moment came when the funding agency we all have been
banking on excused itself from funding the conference. At that moment, some individuals and
institutions, with their generosity of mind as well as pocket, came forward to encourage us and
egged us on hold the conference. Foremost among those generous souls is of course the Rector
National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Maj. Gen. (r) Zia Uddin Najam, SI (M),
who, despite the ongoing austerity drive, extended financial and logistic support to the
conference. The Director General NUML, Brig. Muhammad Ibrahim also extended his advice
and wisdom to pave the way clear for us all. Director Administration, Brig. (R) Zia-ul-Hasan
Sahi, as usual did more than his due and encouraged us with his support in his characteristic
humour.
We are particularly grateful to Ms. Farhat Asif and Mr. Asif Noor of Institute of Diplomatic
Studies Islamabad for extending their generous support, advice and encouragement. Islamabad
King Sejong Institute (IKSI) proved a beacon light of hope at a time when we had almost lost
hope in holding the conference. Mr. Tayyab Masood Bhutta of Pak-Saudi Najm Services has
provided much needed hospitality to the conference delegates. Muslim Institute has extended its
magnanimous support in holding our cultural evening programme while Papericious, a NUML
business initiative, has worked hard to make the Art for Peace Competition possible. Personally I
am under enormous debt of our two amazing and hard working conference coordinators, Dr.
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Atif Faraz, Head Dept. of Korean Language, and Khadeeja Mushtaq, Assistant Professor in
English. With the rest of the team, they have been magical with their eternal smiles and
optimism. We are deeply grateful to many other unsung heroes.
And not to forget our wonderful delegates from the United States of America, Iran, Syria, Egypt,
Palestine, Kashmir and all across Pakistan. More than 300 abstracts from a number of global
locations have been received. Though we could not include many wonderful abstracts due to our
own limitations of time and space, they deserve an honourable mention. We extend our heartiest
gratitude to all of them.
We also remember and acknowledge Prof. Dr. Ayaz Afsar, Dr. Sheeraz Dasti, and Dr. Husnul
Amin, our friends and colleagues at International Islamic University Islamabad, who facilitated
us in accommodating some of our guests. Thank you all.

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Noam Chomsky on IMLC-2019

I was looking forward to address the participants of this conference that is
focusing on an issue about which I have spoken and written a lot in my life
so far. Unfortunately I could not make myself available for the reasons of
my health. However, I believe the conference is attended by a number of
scholars who are capable of raising useful debate about the issues of war, its inhuman impacts on
human life as well as environment. The modern war machine is unprecedented in terms of its
reach and depth of devastation. It is our responsibility to challenge those who create and
perpetuate wars through our collective praxis and activism. The anti-globalization and anti-war
protests, especially in some major western capitals have been the result of such a praxis lead by
some very brave souls. I am aware that Pakistan is a country that has suffered a lot in the war on
terror and its traumatic effects on its resilient people. I believe this conference on post-conflict
literatures will create necessary awareness about the need for healing processes through all
means possible. I wish you all the best.

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Message from the Rector

Maj. Gen. Zia Uddin Najam (Retd) HI (M)
On the occasion of IMLC-2019, I‘m reminded of Bertrand Russell‘s
words of wisdom: ―War does not determine who is right – only who is
left.‖ What is left in the post-conflict zones is often marked by rage and
retribution. It is important to remember those who are caught in
unfortunate locations and situations. Creative writers produce fictional narratives that may have
therapeutic impact on the readers. I believe conferences and seminars play the vital role of
inculcating critical thinking among all concerned. This vision of education goes beyond
classrooms and encompasses social spaces or what the German sociologist Jürgen Habermas
calls ―public sphere.‖ NUML is fast growing into an institution where not only quality education
is being imparted but also critical debates through numerous activities are encouraged among the
faculty as well as students. I commend the efforts of Team IMLC-2019 in holding a conference
of such vital significance and magnitude. Since the fateful turn of events of 9/11, 2001, the world
has witnessed extreme trauma suffered by the common masses. It is time to take stock of things
and discuss ways and means to overcome our individual and collective forms of trauma. I believe
the multilingual and multidisciplinary nature of this conference will create a profound impact
and help us understand the trials and tribulations of many in Pakistan and elsewhere.
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Message from Director General

Brig. Muhammad Ibrahim
The role of the academia, in the age of media, is going through a
transformation. However, one thing is a constant: they have to come up
with practical solutions to address the burning issues of the time.
NUML‘s Faculty of Languages took the initiative to address the issues
related to trauma, by inviting well-known scholars and best brains of the world to discuss and
suggest remedies for the people suffering from physical and psychological wounds. The diversity
and richness of conference themes duly reflect the scope of this valuable gathering. The task may
have been daunting but the resolve and commitment along with a shared responsibility to discuss
war related trauma and its effects prevailed. As a result, our Faculty of Languages proudly hosts
the conference and hope to come up with substantial recommendations to redress the situation in
the conflict zones. Since NUML is offering a range of languages, including the languages of the
regions most affected by wars in recent history, the onus was on us to hold such a conference. It
has been heartening to see the response and untiring efforts of the people involved in various
arrangements. I must appreciate the diligence and dedication of the entire team who have worked
voluntarily despite limited resources. Furthermore, I must express my gratitude to all the national
and international scholars for their enthusiastic participation in this conference to help the
humanitarian cause.
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Message from the Dean

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Safeer Awan
The afterlives of 9/11 have affected many of us in myriad ways. It is a
perpetual tragedy that has created not only trauma-stricken patients but
also many artists and writers. Most on-going conflicts in today‘s world are
somehow linked with the events of that single day in 2001. Engaging with
different voices and responses that attempted to make sense of the world today, this conference
traces the narratives of fear, loss and vulnerability.
In my experience, holding a conference on a specific theme in Pakistan is a daunting task as
available scholarship within the country is more of a general nature. Initially, I had the
impression that we might get a lukewarm response to our CFP, and that we would have to
depend more on our international speakers for expert knowledge. However, I am happy that I
was proven wrong. The response was, in fact, so encouraging that our academic committee was
hard put to peer-review, and finalize the submitted abstract proposals. This is heartening for the
academia in Pakistan. It indicates that scholarship in specific themes of global import is taking
roots here. I hope and pray that all our worthy speakers, presenters and scholars have a good stay
in Islamabad. Welcome to IMLC-2019.

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IMLC 2019 Organizing Committee
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Safeer Awan

Dean, Faculty of Languages, NUML
Dr. Kifayat ullah Hamdani

Head Department of Arabic, NUML
Dr. Rubina Shehnaz

Head Department of Urdu, NUML
Dr. Arshad Mehmood

Head Department of English, NUML
Dr. Atif Faraz

Conference Coordinator
Head Korean Department, NUML
Ms. Khadeeja Mushtaq

Conference Coordinator
Assistant Professor English Department, NUML
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Keynote Speakers
Dr. Taqi Sadique

Judith L. Herman, M.D. Former Cultural Counselor of
Professor of Psychiatry Iran in Pakistan & Head,
Harvard Medical School Department of Quran Studies
Bojonrd University
Cara Cilano Almuth Degener,

Professor & Chair Head, Department of
Department of English Indology
Michigan State University, Mainz University,
USA Mainz, Germany
Nuha Afoundi
Sergei Serebriany Assistant Professor,
Professor Department of Arabic
Russian State University Language & Literature,
Moscow, Russia Al-Quds Open University,
Palestine
Dr Katsiaryna Hurbik Dr. Shahid Siddique

Assistant Professor Professor & Dean
Department of English Faculty of Social Sciences
University of Lahore NUML
Dr. Zia ul Hasan Dr. Saeed Khawar Bhutta

Associate Professor Professor & Chair
Department of Urdu, Department of Punjabi,
Punjab University Government College
University, Lahore
Dr. Qazi Abid

Dr. Shahnaz Bashir President Urdu Department
Novelist & Academic Bahauddin Zakariya
University
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Invited National Speakers
Iftikhar Arif M. Hameed Shahid

Urdu Poet, Scholar and Urdu Fiction Writer, Critic,
Litterateur Author & Editor
Najeeba Arif
Professor/ Chairperson, Muhammad Sheeraz
Department of Urdu Novelist & Translator
IIU, Islamabad, Pakistan
Akhtar Raza Saleemi Amna Mufti

Poet & Novelist Novelist
Zaif Syed
Muhammad Hafeez Khan Novelist, Translator &
Novelist, Afsana Writer & Journalist
Critic
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Conference Chairs
Almuth Degener Dr. Esra Mirze Santesso

Head, Department of Department of English
Indology University of Georgia
Mainz University USA
Germany
Dr. Rahul Bjorn Parson

Assistant Professor of Dr. Zhang Daojin
Hindi/Urdu Vice President of Confucius
University of Colorado Institute
USA
Dr. Rukhsana Qambar Dr. Husnul Amin

Professor & President, Assistant professor
Institute of Regional Studies, Department of Politics &
Islamabad International Relations,
IIU, Islamabad
Dr. Nukhbah Langah Dr. Asif Farrukhi

Dean of Humanities, Director
Forman Christian College, Arzu Center for Vernacular
Lahore Languages and Humanities,
Habib University, Karachi
Dr. Hamid Ashraf Dr. Moeen Nizami

Hamdani Director
Department of Arabic Gurmani Centre for
Punjab University, Lahore Languages & Literature,
LUMS, Lahore
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Dr. Abu Zer Khalil

Assistant Professor Dr. Saeed Khawar Bhutta
Department of Arabic Professor & Chair
Bahauddin Zakariya Department of Punjabi,
University, Multan Government College
University Lahore
Dr. Muhammad Yousuf

Khushk Dr. Mazhar Hayat
Meritorious Professor Professor
Pro-vice Chancellor Government College
Shah Abdul Latif University, University Faisalabad
Sindh
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Presenters
1 Dr. Almuth Degener Associate Professor, Mainz, Germany
2 Dr. Shahid Siddique Dean Faculty of Social Sciences, NUML
3 Dr. Rukhsana Qambar Professor & President, Institute of Regional Studies,
Islamabad
4 Dr. Amal Sayyid & Assistant Professor, English Department IIU
Zahida Younas MS Scholar, IIU, Islamabad
5 Dr. Asma Aftab & Assistant Professor, Deptartment of English, GC University,
Faisalabad
Fozia Suleman MS Scholar, Department of English, GC University,
Faisalabad
6 Dr. Mohsin Iqbal & Assistant Professor, University of Central Punjab, Gujrat &
Ms. Saima Anwar Assistant Professor, University of Gujrat
7 Zia ur Rahman Secondary School Teacher, Elementary & Secondary
Education Department, KPK
8 Shahnaz Bashir Novelist & Academic, Srinagar, Kashmir
9 Dr. Fatima Syeda & Assistant Professor, Forman Christian College, Lahore
Muhammad Abdullah Assistant Professor, English Department at Forman
Christian College
10 Sheikh Ghulam Rasool Waleed & Assistant Professor, Director of Kashmir American Council
and Executive Director of Institute of Multi-Track
Dialogue, Development and Diplomatic Studies, IIUI
Prof. Dr Mansoor Akbar Kundi Ex, Vice Chancellor and Executive Director of HEC, IIU-
Islamabad
11 Samia Mudasser Assistant Professor, Department of English, FJWU,

Rawalpindi
12 Rabia Amir Assistant Professor, Department of English, NUML,
Islamabad
13 Prof. Ali Asghar Mosleh Professor of Philosophy, Allameh TabatabaÌ University,
Iran
14 Dr. Mamoona Khan Professor & Head of Department of Fine Arts, Govt. Post
Graduate College for Women, Rawalpindi
15 Dr. Syeda Shamama tus Sabah Assistant Professor GC University, Lahore
16 Dr. Saad Khan Professor and Instructor, National School of Public Policy,
Lahore
17 Dr. Akbar Sajid & Assistant Professor & Head of English Department, Multan
Campus, NUML
Ms. Saima Umar Senior Instructor, NUML, Multan campus
18 Dr. Iftikhar Shafi Associate Professor, University of Karachi, Karachi
19 Dr. Aalia Sohail Director, Govt. Postgraduate College for Women, Satellite
Town, Rawalpindi
20 Dr. Muhammad Sheeraz Dasti Assistant Professor & Chairperson, Dept of English,
International Islamic University, Islamabad
21 Dr. Humaira Shahbaz Senior Instructor, NUML Islamabad
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22 Dr. Mubarak Lashari Assistant Professor, Institute of English Language &

Literature, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh
23
24 Prof. Nevfel Boz & Assistant Professor, Department of Media and
Communications, Social Science University of Ankara,
Turkey
Zehra Ersahin Assistant Professor, Social Sciences University of Ankara
25 Prof Zehra Erahin, Prof Zehra Erahin, Clinical Psychologist & Director
Spiritual Care & Counselling Department Social Sciences
University of Ankara, Turkey,
Nevfel Boz & Assistant Professor, Social Sciences University of Ankara
Sevgi Kurtulmus Professor, Social Sciences University of Ankara
26 Ms. Qurratulaen Liaqat & Assistant Professor Department of English Language and
Literature, Forman Christian College (A Chartered
University), Lahore
Dr. Asia Mukhtar Assistant Professor Department of International Relations,
Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore
27 Zunera Bukhari Visiting Lecturer, Department of English, Govt. Sadiq
College Women University, Bahawalpur
28 Dr. Sibghatullah Khan Assistant Professor NUML, Islamabad
29 Dr. Jamil Asghar Jami Assistant Professor & Director Translation Studies, NUML,
Islamabad
30 Alla ud din Lecturer Baluchistan University Information Technology,
BUITEMS, Quetta, Baluchistan
31 Dr. Shahid Abbas & Assistant Professor, University of Sargodha, Sargodha
Sarah Gul Research Scholar, Department of English, University of
Sargodha
32 Dr. Katsiaryan Hurbik Department of English Language and Literature, University
of Lahore
33 Muhammed Ehtisham Lecturer, Department of English, Edwardes College,
Peshawar
34 Dr. Judith Herman Clinical Psychiatrist & Academic, Harvard University, USA
35 Prof. Sergei Serebriany Russian State University, Moscow, Russia
36 Nazakat Awan Lecturer, Department of English, Hazara University,
Mansehra KP
37 Kulsum Shahzor MS Scholar, Air University
38 Cara Cilano Professor and Chair of the Department of English, Michigan
State University in the USA
39 Dr. Nukhbah Langah Associate Professor English Department & Dean of
Humanities, Forman Christian College, Lahore
40 Dr. Ghazala Tabassum Associate Professor & Head of English Department, UoG
Sub Campus Rawalpindi
41 Dr. Waheed Ahmad Khan Assistant Professor, Govt. College of Management
Sciences, Nowshera, KP
42 Dr. Faisal Sukhera Assistant Professor, IMCB, H/9, Islamabad
43 Junaid Mehmud Assistant Professor, Department of English, GPGC, Jhelum
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44 Ms. Sadia Akram & Lecturer, Department of English Literature, Government

College University, Faisalabad
Dr. Asma Aftab Assistant Professor, Department of English Literature,
Government College University, Faisalabad
45 Muhammad Rizwan & Lecturer, Govt. Higher Secondary School (grade 16), Sarai
Alamgir, Gujrat
Ms. Saima Anwar Assistant Professor, University of Gujrat, Gujrat
46 Shamsa Malik Assistant Professor, Lahore Campus, NUML
47 Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Assistant Professor, GIFT University, Gujranwala
48 Dr. Ghassan Saleh Abdul Majeed Lecturer, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of
Halab, Syria
49 Dr. Khansa M. Adeeb Al-Jaji Arabic Department, University of Peshawa
50 Dr. Abdul Mujib Bassam Assistant Professor, International Islamic University,
Islamabad
51 Dr. Hamid Ashraf Hamdani Professor & Head, Department of Arabic, Punjab
University, Lahore
52 Dr. Hifzur Rehman & Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic, Gordon College
Dr. Hafiz Haris Saleem Rawalpindi
Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic, Government
College Murree
53 Dr. Nuha Afoundi Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic Language &
Literature, Al-Quds Open University, Palestine
54 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abu Zer Assistant Professor, Zakria University, Multan
Khalil
55 Dr. M. Iqbal & Assistant Professor NUML, Islamabad
Dr. Kafait Ullah Hamdani Assistant Professor NUML, Islamabad
56 Dr. Eman Yahya African International University, Khartoum, Sudan
57 Mr. Zain Ul Abideen & Assistant Professor NUML, Islamabad
Dr. Hafiz M. Badshah Assistant Professor NUML, Islamabad
58 Mr. Zia Ul Hussnain & Assistant Professor NUML, Islamabad
Dr. Abu Bakar Assistant Professor NUML, Islamabad
59 Dr. Saeed Khawar Bhutta Professor and Chair, Department of Punjabi, Government
College University Lahore
60 Dr. Wahid Baksh Buzdar Assistant Professor, NIPS, QAU, Islamabad
61 Dr. Asal Marjan Assistant Professor, Department of Pashto, Bacha Khan
University, KP
62 Dr. Ismail Gohar Department of Pashto, IIU, Islamabad
63 Dr. Habib Nawaz Head Department of Pakistani Languages, NUML,
Islamabad
64 Dr. Hakim Ali Burrio Assistant Professor, AIOU, Islamabad
56
‫ اتلمؿ‬،‫ اہبؤادلنی زرکیا ویوینریٹس‬،‫دصر ہبعش اردو‬ ‫ڈارٹکاقیضاعدب‬
‫ت‬ 55
‫ راوڈنپلی‬،‫ افہمط انجح ونمی ویوینریٹس‬،‫دصر ہبعش اردو‬ ‫ڈارٹکفرحنیبجورک‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬
‫‪56‬‬
‫دصر ہبعش اردو‪ ،‬ادمحل االسکم ویوینریٹس‪ ،‬االسؾ آیاد‬ ‫ڈارٹکریشیلع‬
‫اضطٹٌٹ پروفیطر‪ ،‬غعجہ اردو‪ ،‬ثیي االلواهی اضالهی یوًیورضٹی‪ ،‬اضالم‬ ‫ڈارٹکاسئرہوتبؽ‬ ‫‪57‬‬
‫آثبد‬
‫‪57‬‬
‫رچکیلار‪ ،‬ہبعش ارگنئری‪ ، ،‬نیب االوقایم االسیم وی وینریٹس االسؾ آیاد‬ ‫فرخدنمی‬
‫‪67‬‬
‫رچکیلار‪ ،‬ہبعش االسیم ونفؿ و ریمعتات‪ ،‬نیب االوقایم االسیم ویوینریٹس‪ ،‬االسؾ آیاد‬ ‫رضاریائری‬
‫‪67‬‬
‫رپورسیف ہبعش اردو‪ ،‬اورلٹنی اکجل‪ ،‬اجنپب ویوینریٹس‪ ،‬الوہر‬ ‫ڈارٹکایضءانسحل‬
‫‪67‬‬
‫اٹنٹسس رپورسیف اردو‪ ،‬وگرٹنمن تلم اکجل اتلمؿ‪ ،‬یپ اچی ڈی اکسرل ہبعش اردو‬ ‫لیکشنیسحدیس‬
‫‪67‬‬
‫اٹنٹسس رپورسیف ہبعش اردو‪ ،‬نیب االوقایم االسیم وی وینریٹس االسؾ آیاد‬ ‫ڈارٹکدعسہیاطہرہ‬
‫‪67‬‬
‫دصر ہبعش اردو‪ ،‬وگرٹنمن وپس رگوجیی اکجل رکھب‬ ‫ڈارٹکدمحمارشػامکؽ‬
‫‪66‬‬
‫ڈنی یٹلکیف آػ وگنیلئر‪ ،‬اہنمج ویوینریٹس‬ ‫ڈارٹکاتخمرادمحزعیم‬
‫‪65‬‬
‫وافیق اردو ویوینریٹس‬ ‫ڈارٹکیادیہرمق‬
IMLC 2019 20
Program
DAY 1: MONDAY, APRIL 29
0800 – 0900 Registration
Inaugural & Keynote Session

Venue: NUML Auditorium
Hosts: Muhammad Zafar & Bushra Mehr
0930 – 0935 Reception of Chief Guest
0935 – 0940 Recitation from the Holy Quran
0940 – 0950 Conference Objectives by Dr. M. Safeer Awan, Dean Faculty of Languages
0950 – 1000 Address by Maj. Gen. Zia Uddin Najam (Retd) HI (M), Rector NUML
1000 – 1020 Keynote: Dr. Almuth Degener: Trauma from War and Terrorism – and what does
literature have to say to it?
1020– 1030 Address by the Chief Guest
1030– 1035 Presentation of Souvenirs
1035 – 1040 Group Photograph
1040 – 1045 Tea break
Reporters: Umar Muslim & Amna Bashir

Academic Session - English
War, Trauma & Peace in Pakistani Literature
Venue: NUML Auditorium, Salaam Block
Chair: Dr. Asif Farrukhi Host: Sana Tariq
1115 – 1120 Introduction of Panel
1120 – 1140 Keynote1: Dr. Shahid Siddiqui : Post-migration Trauma & Urdu Short Stories
1140 – 1155 Keynote 2: Dr. Asif Farrukhi: 9/11 in Urdu Literature
1155 – 1210 Trauma, Testimony and Critical Refashioning of the Self in Selected Pashtun
Songs about Waziristan. Dr. Amal Sayyid IIU & Zahida Younas
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1210 – 1225 Breaking the Monolith: The Fluidity of 1971 War Narratives in Anglophone
Pakistani Literature. Dr. Asma Aftab & Fozia Suleman
1225 – 1240 Collective Trauma Wounds Social Identity: A Post 9/11 Study of Ali’s Traumatic
Script. Dr. Mohsin Iqbal & Ms. Saima Anwar
1240 – 1255 War Imagery in War on Terror Pashto Poetry: Analysis from Poetry on Social
Media. Zia ur Rahman
1255 – 1305 Q&A
1305 – 1315 Remarks by the Chair
1315 – 1325 Presentation of Souvenirs & Group Photograph
Reporters: Tahira Sameen & Kashmala Fakhar

Concurrent Session 1 - Arabic
Venue: Conference Room, Rumi Block
Chair: Dr. Hamid Ashraf Hamdani Host: Dr. Fakhar Moeen
1120 – 1135 ‫صور األدب حجم اظتأساة السورية‬
ّ ‫ىل‬
Did Literature Picture the Scale of Syrian Tragedy?
Ghassan Saleh Abdul Majeed
1135 – 1150 )‫منوذجا‬
ً ‫توظيف الرواية األدبية يف تسجيل احملن وآاثرىا على معاصريها (رواية ضتن العاصي‬
Recruit of the Literary Novel in the Recording of Tribulations and its Effects on its
Contemporaries (the novel of Lahn Al-Asi as a model).
Dr. Khansa M. Adeeb Al-Jaji
1150 – 1205 ‫شعر اظتقاومة يف ابكستاف‬
Poetry of Resistance in Pakistan.
Dr. Hamid Ashraf Hamdani
1205 – 1220 "‫ػتنة شعب فلسطُت يف رواية "عمر يظهر يف القدس‬
The Plight of Palestinian People in the Novel “Omer Appears in Jerusalem.‖
Dr. Hifzur Rehman & Dr. Hafiz Haris Saleem
1220 – 1235 ‫احملن والکوارث يف القضية الفلسطينية يف منظور األدب اظتهجري‬
Conflicts and Disasters in the Palestinian Case in the Perspective of Immigrant
Literature.
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abu Zer Khalil
1235 – 1245 Q&A
IMLC 2019 22
Reporters: Sultan e Room & Abdul Malik

Concurrent Session 2 - Urdu
Venue: Confucius Hall, Ibn-e-Khuldun Block
Chair: Dr. Muhammad Yousaf Khattak Host: Dr. Shafiq Anjum
1115 – 1120 ‫اعترػ‬
1120 – 1140
‫وخداسہتخوصترایتدنمش‬:‫دیلکیاقمہل‬
‫ڈارٹکاقیضاعدب‬
1140 – 1155 ‫ت‬
‫ڈارٹکفرحنیبجورک‬
ِ
‫ایسیسدصامتاکزنطہیالعیتماولسبںیمااہظر‬،‫الکؾمراینزیںیمامسیجےبیسح‬
1155 – 1210 ‫ڈارٹکریشیلع‬
‫ئراطونیاردورعشایکشارعیںیمیانئاویلؿیکاکعیس‬
1210 – 1225 ‫ڈارٹکاسئرہوتبؽ‬
‫امدعبانتزعادباوراردومظن‬
1225 – 1240 ‫فرخدنمی‬
‫ت‬
‫دمحمریشازدیتساکیاوؽ"اساس"اقثیتفدیقنتےکآےنیئںیم‬:‫اقمتیماورنشکفیکاقثیتفاکمن‬،‫نیباالوقاتیم‬
1240 – 1255 ‫رضاریائری‬
‫اکنفرےکجذیاتاورقیلخترپجےکائرات‬
1255 – 1305 Q&A
Reporters: Arshad Mehmood Haadi & Muhammed Ahmed

Concurrent Session 3 – Pakistani Languages
Venue: Conference Hall 2, Ibn-e-Khuldun Block
Chair: Saeed Khawar Bhutta Host: Farkhanda Jabeen
1120 – 1140 Keynote: Dr. Saeed Khawar Bhutta: ―Vaar” ka Tajziati Mutala
1140 – 1155 Balauchi Shaeri mein Rujhanaat o Melanaat.
Dr. Wahid Bakhsh Buzdar
IMLC 2019 23
1155 – 1210 Reflections of War Traumatic Conditions After 9/11 in Pashto Short Stories.
Dr. Asal Marjan
1210 – 1225 Tanazaa aur Baad Tanazaa Pashto Afsaana ki Fikri Jhihaat.
Dr. Ismail Gohar
1225 – 1240 Insaan Dosti, Panaah Gazein aur Zehni Dosti.
Dr. Habib Nawaz
1240 – 1255 Sindh ke Dor e Jadid ke Azeem Shaer Sheikh Ayaz ki Sindhi Shaeri mein Aman ka
Pigham.
Dr. Hakim Ali Burrio
1255 – 1305 Q&A
Reporters: Abdul Rauf (Punjabi), Jannat Gul (Pashto), Adnan (Balochi), Nadia (Sindhi)
1325 – 1515 Lunch Break

War Literature & Kashmir Conflict
Chair: Dr. Esra Mirze Santesso Host: Afzal Khan Arbab
1535 – 1555 Keynote: Shahnaz Bashir: Resistance Literature in Kashmir Conflict.
1555 – 1610 Narrativizing Traumatic memory: A Re-traumatizing Asperity or A Sanative
Antidote for the Victims of Kashmir Conflict.
Dr. Fatima Syeda & Dr. Muhammad Abdullah
1610 – 1625 An Enquiry of Kashmir dispute through Exceptionalism and Doval Doctrine.
Sheikh Ghulam Rasool Waleed & Prof. Dr Mansoor Akbar Kundi
1625 – 1640 War Trauma. Collective memory, and Cultural Productions in Conflict Zones:
Kashmir in Focus.
Samia Mudasser
1640 – 1650 Strategic Improvidence in Leadership and Imbroglio of Kashmir: A
Historiographic Study for Peace, Reconciliation and Justice.
Rabia Amir
1650 – 1700 Q&A

IMLC 2019 24
1710 – 1730 Tea Break
Reporters: Maha Farooq & Zahoor Said

Concurrent Session 1- English
War & Trauma
Chair: Dr. Rahul Bjorn Parson Host: Mohibullah
1535 – 1555 Causes and Paradigms of War and Peace in the Contemporary World.
Prof. Ali Asghar Mosleh
1555 – 1610 Metamorphosis of Aesthetic Visual Culture: An Aftermath of War.
Dr. Mamoona Khan
1610 – 1625 Conflict Imposed or Internally Cultivated: Psychosocial Pathways Towards Peace
Dr. Syeda Shamama tus Sabah
1625 – 1640 Role of Military Bands in Conflict and Post Conflict.
Dr. Saad Khan
1640 – 1650 Post 9/11 American Foot-Prints in Pakistani Media: A Critique of Semiotic
Discourses of Pakistani Newspapers.
Dr. Akbar Sajid & Ms. Saima Umar
1650 – 1700 Q&A
1710 – 1730 Tea Break

Concurrent Session 2- English
War, Trauma & Peace in Pakistani Literature
Chair: Dr. Husnul Amin Host: Fayaz Ahmad
1535 – 1555 English Becomes Woman: The Trauma of English and Pakistani Cultural
Unconscious.
Dr. Iftikhar Shafi
1555 – 1610 Recapturing War to Reconstruct Peace in “From East Pakistan to Bangladesh.”
IMLC 2019 25
Dr. Aalia Sohail

1610 – 1625 Polic(y)ing Postconflict Writing: Lessons on Silencing from Urdu Short Fiction of
Zia Era.
Dr. Muhammad Sheeraz Dasti
1625 – 1640 Traumatic Effects of Global War on Terror Survivors in Pakistan.
Dr. Humaira Shahbaz
1640 – 1650 Trauma & Regional Peace: The Experience and Consequence of Global War and
Conflict in Sindhi Fiction.
Dr. Mubarak Lashari
1650 – 1700 Q&A
1710 – 1730 Tea Break

1800 – 1930 Cultural Program
1930 – 2030 Dinner
DAY 2: TUESDAY, APRIL 30

0800 – 0900 Registration
Special Session
Dialogue with Pakistani Writers
Moderator: Dr. Najeeba Arif Chair: Rector NUML
0900 – 0905 Recitation of Holy Quran
0905 – 0920 Keynote: Iftikhar Arif
0920 – 1040 Speakers: M. Hameed Shahid, Akhtar Raza Saleemi, Amna Mufti, Hafeez Khan,
Zaid Syed, Muhammad Sheeraz
1040 – 1055 Q&A
IMLC 2019 26
1055 – 1100 Presentation of Souvenirs
1100 – 1105 Group Photograph
1105 – 1120 Tea Break

Academic Session – English
Trauma & Migration in Literature
Chair: Dr. Nukhbah Langah Host: Faraiba Ahmed
1135 – 1150 Keynote: Dr. Taqi Sadique, Head Department of Quran Studies, Bonjonrd
University, Director Tasneem News Agency
1150 – 1205 Psychosocial Challenges of Iranian Asylum Seekers in Turkey.
Prof. Nevfel Boz & Zehra Ersahin
1205 – 1220 Coping and Adaptation Mechanisms of Syria Refugees in Turkey.
Prof Zehra Erahin, Nevfel Boz & Sevgi Kurtulmus
1220 – 1235 Poetics of Migration Trauma in Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West.
Ms. Qurratulaen Liaqat & Dr. Asia Mukhtar
1235 – 1250 Impacts of Trauma on the Identity of Refugees.
Zunera Bukhari
1250 – 1305 Trauma in Diaspora: Siraiki Language Speakers in Britain (An Ethnographic
Study).
Dr. Nukhbah Langah
1305 – 1315 Q&A

Concurrent Session 1- Urdu
Chair: Dr. Moeen Nizami Host: Dr. Saima Nazir
1130 – 1135 ‫تعبرف‬
1135 – 1150 ‫کلیذی همبلہ‬
‫ڈاکٹر ضیبء السطي‬
1150 – 1205 ‫غکیل زطیي ضیذ‬
IMLC 2019 27
‫ زبغیے پر رکھے گئے لوگوں کے زہٌی صذهبت اور اردو افطبى‬9/11 ‫هب ثعذ‬
1205 – 1220 ٍ‫ڈاکٹر ضعذیہ طبہر‬
‫ ضیذ علی گیالًی کی کتبة روداد لفص کے تٌبظر هیں‬،‫تسریک آزادی کػویر‬
1220 – 1235 ‫ڈاکٹر دمحم اغرف کوبل‬
‫اکیطویں صذی کی اثتذا هیں لکھے خبًے والے اردو ًبولوں پر ًبئي الیوى کےاثرات‬
1235 – 1250 ‫ڈاکٹر هختبر ازوذ عسهی‬

‫ پٌبٍ گسیٌی اور رہٌی صذهبت‬،‫اًطبى دوضتی‬
1250 – 1305 ‫ڈاکٹر ًبہیذ لور‬
‫لرحالعیي زیذر کے ًبولوں هیں صذهبتی ثیبًہ کب اظہبر‬
1305 – 1315 Q&A
Concurrent Session 2- Arabic

Chair: Dr. Nuha Afoundi Host: Muhammad Shafiq
1135 – 1150 Keynote: Dr. Nuha Afoundi: The Creative Experience Of Palestinian Women In
The Resistance Cultural Project
‫التجربة اإلبداعية للمرأة الفلسطينية يف اظتشروع الثقايف اظتقا ِوـ‬
1150 – 1205 ‫األدب العريب اظتعاصر وػتنة البلجئُت‬
Contemporary Arabic Literature and the Plight of Refugees.
Dr. Abdul Mujib Bassam
1205 – 1220 )‫ثقافة السبلـ يف الشعر العريب اضتديث (اظتوقف واألداة‬
Culture of Peace in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Attitude and Tool.
Dr. M. Iqbal & Dr. Kafait Ullah Hamdani
1220 – 1235 ‫األفبلـ العربية واحملن يف األدب اضتديث‬
Arabic Pictures and Hardships in the Modern Period.
Mr. Zain Ul Abideen & Dr. Hafiz M. Badshah
1235 – 1250 )‫وسائل اإلعبلـ ودورىا ىف التقارب الثقاىف بُت البلجئُت السوريُت واظتواطنُت (دراسة حتليلية‬
Media and its Role in Cultural Rapprochement Between Syrian Refugees and
Citizens.
Mr. Zia Ul Husnain & Dr. Abu Bakar
IMLC 2019 28
1250 – 1300 Q&A
Reporters: Sultan e Room & Abdul Malik

Concurrent Session 3 - English
Trauma & Challenges in Trauma Theory
Chair: Dr. Zhang Daojian Host: Sana Tariq
1135 – 1150 Canonizing Trauma, Relativizing Peace, Cannibalizing History.
Dr. Sibghatullah Khan
1150 – 1205 Translation in Trauma, Trauma in Translation: Speaking the Unspeakable.
Dr. Jamil Asghar Jami
1205 – 1220 The Politics of Remembering the Holocaust: An Analysis of Euro-American
Cultural Production.
Alla ud Din
1220 – 1235 Trauma & Conflict: A Post-Colonial Analysis of Kamila Shamsie’s “Burnt
Shadows.”
Dr. Shahid Abbas & Sarah Gul
1235 – 1250 Translanguaging as a Tool for Eliminating Possible Conflicts.
Dr. Katsiaryan Hurbik
1250 – 1305 Exit the Big Other: “Disintegration of the Big Other” through Unsymbolizability
of Trauma in “Exit West.”
Muhammed Ehtisham
1305 – 1315 Q&A
1400 – 1515 Lunch Break

IMLC 2019 29
Trauma & Recovery

Chair: Dr. Almuth Degener Host:
Mohibullah
1535 – 1555 Keynote: Dr. Judith Herman: Trauma & Recovery.
1555 – 1610 Post-Traumatic Pedagogical Challenges in Resilient Learning and Implementation

of Trauma Informed Teaching Strategies in APS Peshawar.
Nazakat Awan
1610 – 1625 War narratives, PTSD and Coping Mechanisms: Cultural Productions in Focus.
Kulsum Shahzor
1625 – 1640 Russia’s History in the 20th Century: A Permanent Trauma.
Prof. Sergei Serebriany
1640 – 1650 Q&A

Terror, Trauma & Memory
Chair: Dr. Rukhsana Qambar Host: Fayaz Ahmad
1535 – 1555 Keynote: Cara Cilano
Reading Trauma: English-Language Pakistani Fiction, the Local Collective, and
the Global Stage
1555 – 1610 Trauma, Memory, and Cognition of Remembered Self.
Dr. Ghazala Tabassum
1610 – 1625 The Role of Native Informers in Representation of 9/11: A Critical Study of Khaled
Hosseini’s Novels.
Dr. Waheed Ahmad Khan
1625 – 1640 Comparative Study of Traumatic Lives of Artur Sammler in Saul Bellow’s “Mr.
Sammler’s Planet” and Eliezer in Elie Wiesel’s “Night.”
Dr. Faisal Sukhera
1640 – 1650 Trauma Stories from Latin America and Pakistan. Dr. Rukhsana Qambar
1650 – 1700 Q&A
IMLC 2019 30

Terror, Trauma & Memory
Chair: Dr. Mazhar Hayat Host: Afzal Khan Arbab
1535 – 1555 Virtual Reality, Hybrid Body, Gender Transformation and Prosthetic Memory in
Cyber Cause Trauma in Individuals: Exploring Cyber Culture Works of Bruce
Sterlin and Scott Westerfield.
Junaid Mehmud
1555 – 1610 Digitalizing Partition: A Way Forward to the Problematic of Identity.
Ms. Sadia Akram & Dr. Asma Aftab
1610 – 1625 Situating Women in Trauma in War: An Analysis of “Baghdad Burning”, a Blog
from an Iraqi woman.
Muhammad Rizwan & Ms. Saima Anwar
1625 – 1640 Women in the Traumatic Narrative of Conflicting Wars and Diaspora.
Shamsa Malik
1640 – 1650 Palestinian Literary Response to the Trauma of Occupation.
Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan
1650 – 1700 Q&A
Closing Session
Hosts: Zafar Sutlan & Bushra Mehr
1800 – 1805 Reception of Chief Guest
1805 – 1810 Recitation from Holy Quran
1810 – 1820 Closing Remarks by Dr. Muhammad Safeer Awan, Dean Faculty of Languages
1820 – 1830 Glimpses of Arts for Peace Competition

IMLC 2019 31
1830 – 1840 Remarks by Maj. Gen. Zia Uddin Najam (Retd) HI (M), Rector NUML
1840 – 1850 Address by the Chief Guest
1850 – 1900 Presentation of Souvenirs/Certificates
1900 – 1910 Group Photographs
1910 – 1930 Refreshment

IMLC 2019 32
Abstracts – Keynote
Keynote Speech: Trauma and Recovery
Judith L. Herman, M.D.

Professor of Psychiatry
Harvard Medical School
People who have endured atrocious events suffer predictable psychological harm. There
is a spectrum of traumatic disorders, ranging from the effects of a single overwhelming event to
the more complicated effects of prolonged and repeated abuse. This is equally true whether
atrocities occur in domestic and sexual life, the traditional sphere of women, or in war and
political life, the traditional sphere of men.
Trauma destroys the social systems of care, protection, and meaning that support human
life. The essential features of trauma are disempowerment and disconnection from others. The
recovery process, therefore, is based on empowerment of the survivor and restoration of
relationships. This lecture will delineate an overview of the traumatic disorders and the healing
process, with illustrations from art and literature.
Keynote Speech: Reading Trauma: English-Language Pakistani Fiction, the

Local Collective, and the Global Stage
Cara Cilano
Professor and Chair of the Department of English
Michigan State University in the USA
To take up the questions raised and addressed by trauma studies in a postcolonial and
post-9/11 Pakistani context carries with it an obligation to engage not just the historical events
and legacies of colonial and neocolonial power but also the critical structures that define
IMLC 2019 33
―trauma‖ and its working through. Accordingly, this talk will, first, rely upon postcolonial
critiques of trauma studies to shift the focus of that critical work from the individual to the
collective. In doing so, I set the stage for a reconsideration of the role of the literary—
specifically, post-9/11 English-language Pakistani literature—as one way to the cultural can
move the social and political toward peace-building.
More specifically, I examine the sociological aspects of the literary, including both how
we read and how we form national literary identities, in order to consider how the debates over
representation that Pakistani English-language literary production sparks may be productively
shifted. Rather than drawing lines around who gets to represent and how, this talk articulates
concerns over how the social reception of these works offer an opportunity for a collective
reckoning with the aftermath of trauma that avoids reductions to victimhood or determinism.
Keynote Speech: Trauma from war and terrorism - and what does literature
have to say to it?
Almuth Degener, Mainz (Germany)

Head of the Indology Department
Mainz University
South Asia, as many other parts of the world, has been badly
affected by wars, terrorist attacks, and other kinds of politically motivated
violence for over 70 years. In the aftermath of the direct experience many people suffer from
trauma, affecting their attitudes, self-perception, and behaviour. Trauma has found manifold
reflections in literature and the visual arts. What, however, can literature, contribute to the
rehabilitation of trauma victims and the creation of a modern peaceful world?
The paper will focus on three functions of literature dealing with trauma: writing back
against colonialist views and mainstream historiography, giving a voice to those who are
speechless because of traumatisation, giving a new significance to historical events and
redefining the role of the participants.
IMLC 2019 34
Keynote Speech: Post-migration Trauma and Urdu Short Stories
Dr. Shahid Siddiqui

Professor & Dean
Faculty of Social Sciences NUML
Partition of India and Pakistan in 1947 led to a mass scale migration from both sides. Its
magnitude was such that it impacted almost all walks of life. The colossal experience of
migration changed the individuals‘ lives, affected the families and brought a tremendous change
in the living at societal level. Literature, being so closely linked with life, portrayed this historic
event from multiple perspectives in different ways. The partition experience crept into prose,
poetry, drama, short stories and novels. This study focused on the short stories, written in the
backdrop of migration. The study employed qualitative approach and focused on some major
themes like, homelessness, violence, estrangement of relations, identity crises, maladjustment in
strange settings, nostalgia, parting with dear ones, sense of permanent loss, kidnapping of
women, rape and killing, girls committing suicide, kidnapped girls turning into prostitutes, ethnic
prejudices, examples of bravery, selflessness and sacrifice etc. The study looked at the impact of
gender and time on the treatment of theme. The study also focused on the writers‘ perspectives,
as reflected in the stories. It is interesting to note that majority of these writers transcend the
petty ethnic prejudices and are generous in portraying characters of the other ethnic groups.
Keynote Speech: War Imposed on Islamic World since last forty years and
Urdu Ghazal
Dr. Zia ul Hasan

Associate Professor
Department of Urdu
Punjab University
‫ هیں افغبًطتبى پر روضی لجضے کے ثعذ پبکطتبى خصوصی طور پر اور اضالهی دًیب‬1999
‫هدووعی طور پر ایک ایطی ًبهختن خٌگ اور دہػت گردی کب غکبر ہوئی خص کے اختتبم کے آثبر آج‬
ٍِ ‫ غبم اور یوي ثرا‬،‫ لیجیب‬،‫ ایراى‬،‫ عراق‬،‫ افغبًطتبى‬،‫ هیں ثھی ًہیں ًظر آتے۔اش دوراى هیں پبکطتبى‬2019
IMLC 2019 35
‫راضت اور ثبلی اضالهی دًیب ثبلواضطہ طور پر اش ضے هتبثر ہوئی۔ الکھوں هطلوبى غہیذ ہوئے اور‬
‫ کھرثوں ڈالر کی اهالک کو ًمصبى پہٌچب اور دہػت گردی کب السام ثھی‬،‫الکھوں گھر ضے ثے گھر ہوئے‬
‫ افطبًہ اور ًبول کی طرذ اردو غسل ًے ثھی اش صورت زبالت کو اپٌے داهي‬،‫اًہی کے ضر آیب۔ ًظن‬
‫هیں خگہ دی۔ غسل گو غعرا ًے ًہ صرف اش کب تدسیہ کیب ثلکہ اش دوراى ضطکتی ہوئی اًطبًیت کے‬
‫زخووں پر هرہن ثھی رکھب۔ اش دور کی غسل ًے خہبں زبالت کو آًے والی ًطلوں کے لیے ریکبرڈ کیب‬
‫اور ایک هتوازی تبریخ هرتت کی وہبں ثعض ًئے اضتعبروں هثالً دعب کے رریعے خیٌے کی ایک ًئی‬
‫راٍ ثھی دکھبئی اور خیٌے کب زوصلہ پیذا کیب۔‬
After Russian control over Afghanistan, chiefly Pakistan and collectively whole Islamic
world fell prey to such never-ending war and terrorism whose signs of cessation cannot even be
seen in 2019. During this period, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Libya, Syria and Yemen were
directly and rest Islamic world was indirectly afflicted. Millions of Muslims were martyred and
millions were dishoused. Property of Billion Dollars value was obliterated and yet THEY were
alleged of terrorism. Just like poems, short stories and novels, Urdu Ghazal also gave room to
these factors. Ghazal ports not only analysed it but also cured the ailments of maimed humanity.
The Ghazal of this era has recorded a balanced history for new generations and paved a new
ways of subsisting through metaphors like living by prayers, developing courage and desire to
live.
Keynote Speech: The Creative Experience Of Palestinian Women In The

Resistance Cultural Project
‫التجربة اإلبداعية للمرأة الفلسطينية يف اظتشروع الثقايف اظتقا ِوـ‬
Dr. Nuha Afouna / Al-Aidi
Professor of Modern Literature and Literary Criticism - Al Quds Open
University
Representative of the Palestinian Ministry of Culture
‫وعربت عن قضية أمتها وشعبها يف اآلداب والفنوف‬

ّ ،‫دتكنت اظترأة الفلسطينية من وضع بصماهتا يف حقوؿ اإلبداع كافة‬
‫ وزتلت قضااي الوطن والشتات واعتجرة والتهجَت واظتعاانة بطريقة إبداعية تسهم ابلتمسك ابعتوية مبتعدة عن‬، ‫اليت أنتجتها‬
‫مرت اها فلسطُت من فًتة‬
ّ ‫البكائيات أو تضخيم ضتجم اظتآسي واحملن اإلنسانية اليت عايشتها وعاشتها على امتداد اضتروب اليت‬
‫ كتبت اظتبدعة الفلسطينية عن حياهتا وحيوات‬.‫االنتداب الربيطاين وما تبله من احتبلؿ صهيوين اصتامث على صدوران حىت اآلف‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬
‫اآلخرين وأنتجت أداب وفنا غنيا ابلقيمة الثقافية‪ ،‬واحتدـ اصتدؿ يف أعماعتا بُت االضطهاد والتحرر مؤمنة ابظتستقبل واألمل‬
‫والتفاؤؿ ألف النفس البشرية جبلت على حب اضتياة وعززت رفض العيش وسط الدمار‪ ،‬وهنضت كطائر الفينيق الكنعاين‬
‫ونفضت الرماد عنها لتصنع ظاىرة ثقافية يف ميادين الشعر والسرد القصصي والروائي والًترتة والفنوف البصرية ‪،‬بل وامتلكت‬
‫اصترأة لتسجل جتربتها يف اظتعتقبلت رافضة يف إبداعها الدمار الروحي واظتادي الذي تعرضت لو‪ .‬سأعرض يف مداخليت لنماذج‬
‫من الكتاابت النسوية يف غتاؿ الشعر واليت تربعت على عرشو الشاعرة فدوى طوقاف " سنداينة فلسطُت" حيث احتفلنا العاـ‬
‫اظتاضي مبرور مائة عاـ على مولدىا‪ ،‬مع استمرار لتدفق الشعر الوجداين والوطٍت أبقبلـ شاعرات غتددات كثَتات‪ .‬واحتلت‬
‫الرواية اظتكانة الرفيعة والواسعة االنتشار يف التجربة اإلبداعية النسوية فربزت أشتاء كثَتة وأقبلـ متنوعة يف التعبَت عن القضااي‬
‫الفكرية اليت تطرحها يف رواايهتا من أمثاؿ‪ :‬سحر خليفة وليلى األطرش وليانة بدر وغَتىن‪ .‬وأبدعت اظترأة الفلسطينية يف حقل‬
‫الًترتة‪ ،‬فنقلت الكثَت من روائع األدب العاظتي إىل العربية من اللغات الروسية والفرنسية واالؾتليزية مثل أشتى طويب‪ ،‬عبلوة‬
‫على الرايدة يف الًترتة العكسية حيث نقلت األديبة سلمى اطتضرا اصتيوسي عددا من موسوعات األدب العريب إىل اللغات‬
‫األخرى عرب مشروع "بروات" للًترتة‪ ،‬برؤيتها الثاقبة لضرورة اطبلع العامل على ثقافة وحضارة الشرؽ من خبلؿ قراءة األدب‬
‫العريب بلغات أخرى‪ .‬وتعرضت اظترأة الفلسطينية لئلعتقاؿ وذافت مرارة السجوف‪ ،‬فسجلت ىذه التجربة النضالية برباعة وكتبت‬
‫وىي تؤمن ابلضوء البلمع الذي تراه يف هناية النفق‪ ،‬بل مل يفارقها اضتلم ابضترية‪ ،‬فأعماؿ األسَتة احملررة عايشة عودة خَت مثاؿ‬
‫على " أدب السجوف"‪ .‬أما اضتكاية الشعبية والسرد الشفوي لقصص التهجَت من الوطن اصتميل مل يغب عن التجربة األبداعية‬
‫النسوية الذي تتقنو ابلفطرة وىي تقص اضتكاايت على مسامع النشأ وىي هتز السرير بطفلها وترضعو حكاايت اضترية‪ .‬فاىتمت‬
‫الباحثة الدكتورة فيحاء عبداعتادي يف ىذا اجملاؿ وأبرزتو بشكل كبَت يف أعماعتا‪ .‬ومل تتناسى اظتبدعة الفلسطينية األثر الكبَت‬
‫للقصص القصَتة يف القدرة على األمتاع والتأثَت والتقاط اضتدث اظتكثّف واظتعاصتة الفورية للحظة الزمنية ‪ ،‬فنشرت اجملموعات‬
‫القصصية والقصص اظتتناثرة على صفحات اجملبلت والصحف مثل الكاتبة شتَتة عزاـ‪.‬‬
‫‪The Palestinian women were able to put their fingerprints in the fields of creativity and expressed‬‬
‫‪the cause of their nation and people in the arts and literature they produced. They carried the issues of the‬‬
‫‪homeland, diaspora, migration, displacement and suffering in an innovative way that contributes to the‬‬
‫‪identity of the people. Palestine passed through the period of the British Mandate and the subsequent‬‬
‫‪Zionist occupation that is still on our chests. The Palestinian writer wrote about her life and the lives of‬‬
‫‪others and produced literature and art rich in cultural value. The controversy in her work intensified‬‬
‫‪between persecution and liberation, believing in future, hope and optimism, because the human soul‬‬
‫‪overcame the love of life and strengthened the refusal to live amid the destruction and raised the‬‬
‫‪Canaanite phoenix. Poetry, storytelling, novelism, translation, and visual arts. She even had the audacity‬‬
IMLC 2019 37
to record her experiences in detention camps, rejecting her spiritual and material destruction. I will
present in my intervention examples of feminist writings in the field of poetry.
Keynote Speech: Russia's History in the 20th Century: a Permanent Trauma
Sergei Serebriany
Professor
Russian State University, Moscow, Russia
The history of Russia in the 20th century, according to the official Soviet mythology, has
been a story of "world-historical" victories. After 1917, for about seventy years, the "Soviet
people", under the wise guidance of the Communist Party, were busy "building socialism". This
mythology (still taken seriously by quite a few people in Russia and other countries) do not
explain why, in the late 1980s, the "Soviet Union" collapsed and finally, in 1991, disintegrated.
We still do not have a commonly accepted description/interpretation of Russia's history in

the 20th century. But a more plausible narration may be like this. The fist world war (1914-1918)
brought about the collapse of the Russian Empire. By the beginning of 1918, a small party of
resolute and unscrupulous extremists captured power in Russia. A bloody civil war followed
(1918-1920), which took more lives and damaged the country much more than the preceeding
world war. The next decade was marked by a struggle for power within the ruling party. By the
end of the 1920s, Stalin, probably the most unscrupulous of the gang, emerged as №1. He
launched the "collectivisation" (actually, the destruction of peasantry) and, in the late 1930,
waves of state terror, which have not been so far explained properly. In 1939, Stalin was one of
the initiators of the second world war, which brought about terrible losses to the country and the
people. After the war, new waves of state terror took place. Stalin's successors tried, half-
heartedly, to rule the country in more civilised ways, but the system eventually failed by 1991,
and, till now, Russia has not been able to recover fully from the traumas of the "Soviet" past.
Those traumas have not been, as far as I can judge, fully reflected in the works of art and
creative literature. Perhaps, the very scale, the enormous immensity of this traumatic experience
IMLC 2019 38
is forbidding for any artistic presentation. In my opinion, what is needed, in the first place, is a
comprehensive study of 20th century Russian history by historians and other social scientists.
Keynote Speech: Translanguaging as a Tool for Eliminating Possible Conflicts
Dr Katsiaryna Hurbik
Assistant Professor
Department of English Language and Literature
The University of Lahore
The study reflects on translingual practices of Pakistani authors in English. It attempts to

look at literary texts of renowned Pakistani writers in English from the perspective of a practice-
based analysis, adopting translanguaging as a central concept of the work. Present study diverts
from the Kachru‘s three-circle model of World Englishes that is highly preoccupied with New
postcolonial varieties of English. We claim that the writings of Pakistani authors in English do
not simply represent one of the Outer Circle varieties of English; rather there is more to it. These
texts do not communicate ideas of a bilingual or a multilingual Pakistani writer, but a
translingual one, capable of tapping into diverse semiotic resources and transit from one
language into another by the use of code meshing. Owing to a fluid nature of translanguaging,
the context is comprehensible to a wider audience nationally and internationally. As
multilinguals are more open for change and negotiation, the works of translingual writers help in
creating dialogical cosmopolitanism by finding common values and beliefs across cultures and
nations. Such writings may be effectively used as a tool for resolving conflicts and help in
achieving global peace.
IMLC 2019 39
Abstracts – Invited Speakers

Invited Speaker Speech: War, Trauma, and Literature
Iftikhar Arif
Urdu Poet, Scholar and Litterateur
War has far-reaching socio-psychological ramifications than being confined merely to

disturbance of the geographical demarcations. The military encounters have disruptive impact on
the human psyche as they trigger terror and trauma. The consequent psychic disruptions —
extremism, angst, and despondency— disturb and reshape the behavioristic pattern of people.
Engagement of literature with the post-war predicament is a multilateral one, ranging from
diagnosis of crises to proffering consolation. Reading of literature of the war-ravaged regions
confirms that it is awake to prevailing traumas. Especially the contemporary Pakistani literary
yields have scrupulously represented the traumatic conditions and sagaciously suggested
solutions.
Invited Speaker Speech: 9/11 in Urdu Literature
Dr. Asif Farrukhi

Associate Professor and Director
Arzu Center for Vernacular Languages and Humanities
Habib University, Karachi
‫ت‬
‫اعمرص یارخی اور وصراحتؽ رپ یانئ اویلؿ ےک واےعق اک رہگا ائر وہا اور اس ےک ےجیتن ںیم دیپا وہےن وایل ایسیس‬
‫دبتویلیںےن اہجںامسیجوصراحتؽ رپائر ڈاال۔وںیہ ادب وک یھباتمئرایک۔اردو ادب ںیم اساک ائر تہب آیگتسہ ےس ومندار وہا۔اردوشارعی ںیم وت اساک‬
‫ااہظر تہب دعب ںیم آیا اہتبل اردواک ااسفہن وہ فنص ےہ سج ےن وفری وطر رپ اانپ راپسسن اور ردلمع س ےس ےلہپ دیا۔اور اخص رک اؿ ااسفہن راگروںےن‬
‫ادرھوتہجیکوجایھبئررگےنھکلواولںںیمشالمہنوہےئےھت۔ایاعیملواےعقرپاسیکفلتخماہجتاکادیبردلمعاردوااسفےنےکوحاےلےساقب‬
‫وتہجےہسجےناسوحاےلےسقیلختوہےنواےلاعیملادیبراحجؿںیماےنپےصحاکرکداراداایک۔‬
IMLC 2019 40
The historical event of 9/11 left grave impacts on the contemporary history of the world
and its socio-political scenario; particularly post 9/11 geo-political changes not only affected the
social fabric of the world at large but the literature[s] also. Although in Urdu literature the
positional response appeared much later however it was Urdu fiction which instantly textualized
this change. Especially the younger lot of fiction writers made these issues the central theme of
their writings. This multidimensional response on 9/11 in Urdu literature is an essential
intellectual asset that foregrounds the indigenous position, in world literature.
Invited Speaker Speech: Urdu Fiction in the Time of Terror
Muhammad Hameed Shahid

Urdu Fiction Writer, Critic, Author & Editor, Banker, Horticulturist
& Trainer
There is proliferation of literature on the tragic incident of 9/11. Beyond being merely an
unfortunate event on11 September 2001 of hijacking of two American planes by terrorists—later
to be crashed into WTC— it was, to appropriate Karl Rove words, a part of the American project
of creation of its ―own reality‖. The Mujahideen of the first phase of creation of reality, the
proxy war fronted by Pakistan to curtail Russian expansion on the planes of Afghanistan, turned
terrorists in the new scenario. But again Pakistan was on the front-line to face the enemy.
Irrespective of the question of its being the Ours war or the Other’s one, Pakistan had to fight it
as the wave of terrorism in the aftermath of the War on Terror engulfed the country: innumerous
valuable lives were lost and suicide attacks on schools and mosques were encountered. The
scenario was marked by sheer indifference to the Islamic teaching of tolerance and prohibition of
bloodshed. The monster of terrorism has consumed around 50,000 lives and caused financial
damage of around 80 billion dollar. Now having prevailed over our consciousness, it has
transformed the themes, narratives, and styles of our fiction. The metamorphosed man we
encounter in the contemporary Urdu fiction is no more the crown of creation. The study aims to
explore the fictional representations of the traumatic condition in Urdu literature.
IMLC 2019 41
Invited Speaker Speech: Terror, Violence, and Precariousness: Contemporary

Women Fiction in Urdu
Najeeba Arif
Professor/ Chairperson, Department of Urdu
International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
‫دشتداوردعؾظفحتےکااسحسےنہبلغیاایلےہاور‬،‫اعمرشیتاوررکسعیانترظںیمدتشہ‬،‫اوسیکںیدصیےکآاغزےسیہداینرھبںیمایسیس‬
‫ت‬
‫یاوصخلصنشکف ںیمیھباانپائرداھکیاےہاوراوسیکںی دصیےکےلہپ‬،‫آیےہ۔اسوصرتاحؽےنادب‬
‫وجہیکمگدشیگاکلمعوہظرںیم ا‬
‫انانےک ر‬
‫اےسیویسیبںیاوؽاورااسفےنقیلختوہےئںیہوجاعمرصاویملںےکائرات‬،‫ںیھنجلمکموہےنںیمابطقفڈئرھدوئرسیایقںیہ‬،‫دورشعوںےکدوراؿ‬
‫ںیمڈوبرکےھکلےئگںیہ۔اساقمےلںیماردویکدنچامندنئہوخانیتنشکفراگروںےکاہںاؿائراتاکزجتہیشیپایکئاےئ ااورہی ےنھجمیکوک شیک‬
‫ااہتندنسپیوردتشہرگدیوکسکرظنےسداھکیاورشیپایکےہ۔‬،‫ئاےئیگہکنایئتیسحےناعمرصدہعیکوخؿرئری‬
At the outset of the 201st century, terror, violence, and precariousness have pervaded the
political, social, and military consciousness across the globe that resulted has in the loss of
human essence. The predicament has found reflection in the contemporary fiction: numerous
novels and short fictional works envisaging the tragedies and traumas of the time have been
produced in the first two decades of the century. The proposed study aims to develop a critique
of representation of trauma in works of the representative women fiction writers to understand
the reception of terrorism and extremism from the perspective of the female sensibility.
IMLC 2019 42
Abstracts – Presenters
Regional Variations: Trauma Stories from Latin America & Pakistan
Dr. Rukhsana Qamber
Professor & President
Institute of Regional Studies, Islamabad
Victor Jara defines a special period in Chilean history. He was poet, whose works were
often put to music. The trauma of his brutal torture and murder by the military, captured in his
literary works, is quintessentially Latin American, searing, and curative in memory. The story of
Victor Jara echoes trauma stories from across the world. The mediums may be different: poetry,
literature, art, film and more. The burning agony of the victims remembered over time and space,
ultimately serves as curative at the personal and the national level. Jara‘s twentieth century story
is repeated during the horrors of the twenty-first century‘s anti-terror wars. This paper will
explore similarities and differences between Latin American and Pakistani stories in the context
of literary trauma theory.
Victor Jara, ―Oh God, is this the World that You Created?‖
The blood of our President, our compañero,
will strike with more strength than bombs and machine guns!
So will our fist strike again!
How hard it is to sing
when I must sing of horror.
Horror which I am living,
horror which I am dying.
To see myself among so much
and so many moments of infinity
in which silence and screams
are the end of my song.
What I see, I have never seen
What I have felt and what I feel
Will give birth to the moment …
September 11, 1973
IMLC 2019 43
Trauma, Testimony and Critical Refashioning of the Self in Selected Pashtun

Songs about Waziristan
Dr. Amal Sayyid
Assistant Professor
English Department, IIUI
Zahida Younas
MS Scholar, English Literature
International Islamic University
This study aims to analyse selected contemporary Pashtun songs about Waziristan as an
example of testimonial narratives that enable the Pashtun community to narrate their traumatic
experience of living under the necropolitical regime of drone attacks. In this study we focus on
how Pashtuns are not merely passive victims who endure trauma. Rather the selected songs
recast the Pashtun community as survivors who consciously bear witness to trauma in order to
disrupt official discourses of counterterrorism, rewrite history from the perspective of the
marginalized and reconfigure the self and national belonging. This study draws upon John
Beverley and George Yudice‘s theoretical conceptualization of the creative and critical potential
of testimonials in the shaping of a poetics of resistance. In addition, LaCapra‘s and Brison‘s
characterization of trauma as enabling a critical refashioning of the self will be employed to
explore how the selected songs enable the Pashtun community to challenge necropolitical
regimes and achieve self-representation.
Breaking the Monolith: The Fluidity of 1971 War Narratives in Anglophone

Pakistani Literature
Dr. Asma Aftab
Assistant Professor
Department of English, GC University, Faisalabad
Fozia Suleman
MS Scholar
Department of English, GC University, Faisalabad
The argument in the present article is based on a critical and reflective reading across
texts produced in the wake of 1971 conflict/ war culminating in the secession of Pakistan. As
such the selected texts (from the historiographic metafiction of Aquila Ismail‘s Of Martyrs and
Marigold, Moni Mohsin‘s End of Innocence and Sorrya Khan‘s Noor) are situated at the
IMLC 2019 44
continuum of a real historical event and its imaginative narrativization, however, they tend to
problematize the totalistic and categorical representations of victim vs. villain often found in the
modicum of official histories from both Pakistan and Bangladesh. Reading across these texts
unearth some interesting angles to view the 1991 conflict by offering how authors‘ subjectivity
politicizes the process of historiography and, in turn, creates narrative condition that chisel out
alternative perspectives to remember and re-member the otherwise forgotten aspects of national
history. The article concludes that far from settling into easy categories, the war narratives of
1971 conflict embody the complex and myriad experiences of traumatized individuals and
communities faced with many ethical and moral dilemmas during and aftermath of war. Viewing
history from the subjective views of different authors, the article is likely to reconcile these
differing voices and perspectives by viewing them against some objective, if not absolute,
historical referent that is not complicit with a mystified view of nationalist histories. This critical
and intertextual view of history also points out to the possibility of how to encompass the
complex issues of moral responsibility, guilt and acceptance in order to invest the therapeutic
potential of post-conflict literature.
Collective Trauma Wounds Social Identity: A Post-9/11 Study of Ali’s

Traumatic Script
Dr. Mohsin Iqbal Butt
Assistant Professor
University of Central Punjab Gujrat
Ms. Saima Anwar

Assistant Professor
University of Gujrat, Gujrat
Trauma is a phenomenon that can transform the subjectivities of human beings. It can
take you to utopian altitudes or to the pits of desolation. Sometimes, trauma becomes a collective
occurrence and harms the social identity of masses. The collective trauma is neither individual
suffering nor actual event but the description of what is, what must have been and what should
be. There is a need to look at social sufferings on a broader scale. The collective injuries affect
social perception that essentially be considered collective trauma rather than individual. Cathy
Caruth‘s Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History diverted the attention of critics
to the phenomenon of trauma in 1996 who regarded the study of trauma as a Poststructuralist
IMLC 2019 45
psychoanalytic approach and an unsolvable problem of the unconscious that illuminates the
inherent contradictions of experience and language. The current study does not focus the
psychoanalytic dimensions of this phenomenon rather its social aspects. Jeffery C. Alexander in
his book Trauma: A Social Theory categorized trauma as collective rather than an individual
issue by exploring its social along with psychological nature. The purpose of this study is to
explore collective trauma of Pakistani community in post 9/11 perspective while proposing civil
repair rather than an individual one. The researcher has selected Usman Ali‘s plays The Odyssey
(2016) as data. The researcher will try to probe, collective trauma in the Pakistani society that is
haunted by war on terror which has destroyed the balance of the whole society, in Ali‘s play. It
will also try to dig out the solutions proposed by the text to bring proportion in the society. The
study sets objectives of identifying collective trauma of the society having in view the traumatic
events that took place after the incident of 9/11 which became major causes of social turmoil and
imbalance. Moreover, the study will provide a detailed and practical solution for the wellbeing of
the world in general and Pakistan in particular. The research will conclude that the narratives of
9/11 should be reconstructed and broader solidarity must be established, so that there could be
civil repair and wounds of the past could be healed by promoting narrative of peace for all and
suggesting that war cannot end war. Only peace dialogues, equal chances of liberty to every
country and respect for the sovereignty of every country can stop such events that bring a large
scale physical and psychological tension and violence in communities.
War Imagery in War on Terror Pashto Poetry: Analysis from Poetry on

Social Media
Zia Ur Rahman
Secondary School Teacher, Elementary & Secondary Education Department, KPK
The so called War on Terror affected majority areas of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa and FATA.
As a result, these regions turned into active battlegrounds where many Pashtuns lost their
properties and livelihood. It also cost them great physical and mental loss. During this era of
absurdity, mental depression, and chaos writers felt the urge to express the new experiences in
new ways and thus war became a dominant theme in the poetry of many poets .Especially,
Young poets on social media have been very active to reflect the war driven scenario and
landscape. Along with this, many people having love for poetry have been sharing such stuff.
IMLC 2019 46
The poets started to adopt different techniques for narration, usually a melancholic and grim tone
to reveal the new reality. The use of one such tool by these poets is imagery. Imagery is the
representation of sense experience through language or it is the use of vivid figurative language
that appeals to our senses. The main aim of this paper is to reveal that how Pashto poets,
especially young poets on social media have reflected the war landscape by using imagery as a
useful poetic tool. Moreover, it also aims to show that how these poets have expressed their angst
at the bloodshed and slaughter.
Narrativizing Traumatic Memory: A Re-traumatizing Asperity or A Sanative

Antidote for the Victims of Kashmir Conflict
Fatima Syeda
Assistant Professor
English Department at Forman Christian College (A Chartered University)
Muhammad Abdullah
Assistant Professor
English Department at Forman Christian College (A Chartered University)
Kashmir, post 1990, has become a land rife with the struggle for freedom by the
Kashmiri militants and the resultant military invasion by the Indian Government. As the clash
between the military and the militants gains momentum, the native Kashmiris experience a major
shift in their lives. The natives, irrespective of religious affiliations, endure the worst of violence.
The collective cries for freedom resulted in attracting the antagonism of the Indian Army for the
Kashmiri Muslims as well as the exodus of the Kashmiri pundits. The trauma of exile as well as
the trauma of the violence perpetrated by the Indian Army is formative of a memory which
becomes a permanent communal identity marker of Kashmiris. With each violent event, the
traumatic memory evolves, and each tragedy contributes to complete the picture of victimization
in the conflict Zone. Whereas the violent events reduce the Kashmiris to living ghosts, the
narrations of the stories of these victims help them relieve the burden of their traumatic memory.
Basharat Peer, the writer of Curfewed Nights, feels the drive to write on Kashmir each time he
comes across a victim. Curfewed Nights manifests the force of the traumatic narrations which
compel the writer to listen to the tragedies and to pen these down. Writing becomes an obligation
for the writer for it seems to work not merely as his own catharsis but also as a means to recover
the victims. The study of the text Curfewed Nights is supported by the works of Cathy Caruth
IMLC 2019 47
(1995), Shoshana Felman (2002), and other writers in Trauma Studies. This research argues that
narrating the traumatic experiences by the victims is therapeutic in nature for them and
narrativizing the collective traumatic memory is helpful in relieving the writer of the pain
inflicted upon him by bearing the burden of an ever growing traumatic memory.
Post Nine-elevenism: “An inquiry of Kashmir dispute through Exceptionalism

and Doval doctrine”
Sheikh Gh.Rasool Waleed (Ph.D. Sch)
Assistant Professor
Director of Kashmir American Council and Executive Director of Institute of Multi-Track
Dialogue, Development and Diplomatic Studies, IIUI
Prof. Dr Mansoor Akbar Kundi

Ex, Vice Chancellor and Executive Director of HEC
IIU-Islamabad
The qualitative study examines post-Nine-elevenisim and underlines that it helped India
tremendously to use unbridled state power to quell UN recognized movement of the right to self-
determination in Kashmir. Nine-elevenism created ripples in the contemporary history of the
world as it completely changed the narrative of the war on terrorism. Nine-elevenism squashed
space for independence movements and the thin line between terrorism and struggle for
liberation was trampled over in favour of dominant powers. The study enquires as how 9/11
diluted Kashmiris‘ UN-sanctioned right to self-determination under the garb of terrorism and
unrest. The study also maintains that 9/11 fanned hyper-nationalism, xenophobia, Hindu
fundamentalism, hyper-patriotism, ethnic cleansing and caste oppression in India. It underlines
that there is a correlation between 9/11, exceptionalism and Doval Doctrine to crush freedom
movement in Kashmir. The study tests the theory of exceptionalism in Kashmir context which
emerges as hyper catalyst for India to interpret AFSPA and PSA within the parameters of 9/11 to
take undue advantage to suppress the mass movement in Kashmir, while paying a total disregard
to the UN resolutions granting Kashmiris the right to decided their future in accordance with
their free will and choice.
IMLC 2019 48
War Trauma, Collective Memory, and Cultural Productions in Conflict

Zones: Kashmir in Focus
Samia Mudasser
Assistant Professor
Department of English, FJWU, Rawalpindi
Euro-American exclusivity has mostly been responsible for eclipsing the universalizing
appeal of trauma studies. In a bid to cater for trauma accounts of the Global South, the present
study attempts to look into the trauma of people living in Kashmir, a conflict zone in the middle
of the third-world Asian countries. Kashmir is one of the disputed regions and a center point of
conflict between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The
political turbulence as well as the resulting militarization has rendered the entire Kashmiri
community listless and prone to traumatic experiences. Despite the serious nature of the
traumatic experiences of the people living in Kashmir, and as depicted in the literature produced
therein, little scholarly attention has been given to it to voice out these accounts, which are
necessary for claiming the truthful depiction of the Kashmiris. This article uses Jeffery C.
Alexander et al.‘s Cultural Trauma and Collective Identity and Kai. T. Erikson‘s Collective
Trauma as the theoretical framework to analyze the selected Kashmiri Anglophone literary text
titled The Collaborator by Mirza Waheed. The study finds that the traumatic memories of
Kashmiri people, as a community, are no different from the likewise traumatized people of the
Global North. Here, the Kashmiri narrative takes the responsibility of presenting the reality of
life. The investigation concludes that fictional narratives, through memory of the past, bring a
compelling tale of eternal suffering, establishing the fact that it is not the individual that must
bear the moral responsibility; rather, it should be the collective.
Strategic Improvidence in Leadership and Imbroglio of Kashmir: A

Historiographic Study for Peace, Reconciliation, and Justice
Rabia Aamir
Assistant Professor, Department of English
National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan
This paper examines the imbrications, ―deceptions‖ (Lamb 159), and interpellations in
the context of Kashmiri leadership in its history. Many historians have critiqued the pre-decided
acrimony against Pakistan‘s stand on Kashmir, no matter how principled that may have been.
IMLC 2019 49
Some of them consider this hostility due to a constructed ―mythology of Kashmir dispute‖
(Lamb 155). They are of the opinion that this mythos is a direct result of a ―come what may‖
(Lamb 158) stance adopted by some ‗know all, tell all‘ crafters of Kashmir imbroglio. Studying
different history texts, this research paper, while bringing out elements of ―economic
expansion‖1 (Guha 98), also indicates and discusses different facets of leadership, or its lack
thereof, resulting in a strategic profligacy on the part of some of its leaders. Belying all the
concocted rhetoric and propaganda that has
1 See ―Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Perservation: A Third World
Critique‖ an article by Ramachandra Guha in the journal, Environmental Ethics, 1989. Lobbied
for three quarters of a century, this study of historical texts, not only helps us to understand the
background of trauma in this land, but also assists for inventing spaces for peace.
Causes and Paradigms of War and Peace in the Contemporary World
Prof. Ali Asghar Mosleh
Professor of Philosophy
Allameh Tabatabaì University / Iran
War and peace makes up a dichotomy from which man cannot be free. War has a relation
to other-conflict, violence and divergence whereas peace has a relation to other-reception,
affection and convergence. The two states of war and peace are rooted in a variety of other issues
from human moods and consciousness to the interests and climate and culture. Contemporary
philosophical thinking has entered into more internal layers of this dichotomy of war and peace.
If, in the past, war was applied only to confrontation between two groups of human beings, today
with recent developments and deeper reflections, we have found out that man faces the
dichotomy of war and peace at least in four domains: self, other humans, nature and technology
Among these realms, past thinkers focused on the first three, and a wide range of the
doctrines of religions and sects have been directed toward human peace with oneself, others, and
nature. But the war or peace with technique is a new topic in recent years.
On the other hand, with the formation of global civilization and fundamentally different
relations with the past, peace is no longer just a human topic authorized by human beings. In
contemporary times, war or peace has found some other meanings within modern complicated
relations, and in the "power system" with its economic, political and technical structures, it has
IMLC 2019 50
taken on a different role. In this article, on the one hand, by referring to thinkers like Kant,
Nietzsche, Freud, Heidegger and Foucault, and on the other side, by citing some of the Muslim
sages, the causes of the occurrence of the four wars have been discussed and the conditions for a
stable peaceful life in the contemporary world is examined.
Metamorphosis of Aesthetic Visual Culture, an Aftermath of War

Prof. Dr. Mamoona Khan
Head Department of Fine Arts
GPGCW, UOG Rawalpindi Campus
Creative brains are kept only by sensitive creatures, and the most empathetic are of those
associated with visual arts fields, affected even by a minor stir in their surroundings, which is
reflected in their creative endeavours. They sub consciously interpret their time. Unpleasantness
of war or situations analogous to war has always left a negative mark on their aesthetic
interpretations. History is replete with such examples. But the most stunningly heinous
transgressions were exercised by modern mechanisms of war that violated ethics par human
perception. The era shattered belief of man on humanitarian values. It also caused transformation
in the field of aesthetics which is beyond human comprehension. The metamorphosis was so
rapid that it brought aesthetics and beauty at antithetical stages, which led the French artist Paul
Duchamp to display a urinal as a piece of sculpture in an art exhibition. Hence, weirdness
replaced beauty; logical delineations substituted the abstruse and crafty ousted the artistic, still
protected under the umbrella of art. It is labelled as modern, subjective or abstract but not viewed
as a repercussion of war trauma. The paper will be an exploratory research to probe reasons
behind the apparently unreasoned transformations delineated through art. Modern art specimens
of post-war era along with those resulted from a few chaotic situations will be analysed to draw
conclusions. It will be based on deductive methods of reasoning to scrutinise history, psychology
and the field of art in order to comprehend the impact and reactions of war trauma on sensitive
souls of artists that led them to transform the entire visual field of aesthetics.
IMLC 2019 51
Conflict, Imposed OR Internally cultivated: Psychosocial pathways towards

peace
Dr. Syeda Shamama tus Sabah
Associate Professor
Deptartment of Psychology
Govt. Post Graduate College (W) (Sub-campus UOG) Satellite Town, RWP
History of violence and conflict in Pakistan goes back to 1947. Millions of people
experienced violence and terror during migration and after migration due to lack of
socioeconomic stability and resources. Violence during 1971 resulted in the separation of East
Pakistan. Moreover Soviet-Afghan War led to internal conflicts which ultimately resulted in
Talibanisation. Incident of 9/11 further highlighted Pakistan as supporter of Muslim Terrorists
(Nizami, Hassan, Yasir, Rana & Minhas, 2018; Wadhwani, 2011). Briefly stated, violence was
not only externally imposed but it had been internally cultivated and passed on to generations.
Bulk of literature both from West and East is available which highlight post-conflict affects,
mental health problems, psychosocial factors and other possible causes of violence and stories of
victims. Unfortunately very little has been done to develop indigenous theoretical framework to
combat violence, the post-conflict affects, to highlight the cultural changes that provide the
breeding ground of violence and aggression, to cultivate values that could provide the building
block of peaceful society. The present paper highlights the process of human development, major
possible causes of aggression/violence from neurobiology to psychosocial factors within the
framework of Bronfenbrenner‘s Bioecological Model. The paper also discusses significant
findings from prior research in Pakistan on post traumatic affects. The aim is to provide a
guideline for a system that could work internally within Pakistani society and culture. Peace
building is a process of an attitude development that could be attained only through behavioral
modification, emotional regulation and cognitive restructuring both on micro and macro level.
Role of Military Bands in Conflict and Post Conflict: Cultural Expressions in

Peace-Building
Dr. Saad S. Khan
Professor and Instructor
National School of Public Policy, Government of Pakistan, Lahore
IMLC 2019 52
The armed conflicts can be the most traumatic experiences for the nations, communities
and persons involved or directly affected by it. Since the establishment of United Nations in
1945, the adoption of the Geneva Conventions in 1949, and the creation of International
Criminal Court in 2002, the conflicts have been dwindling in terms of numbers and ferocity. One
of the most understudied topic has been the role of Military and civilian marching bands during
the conflict and in the post-conflict healing process.
The role of Military Bands in the conflict situation dates back to at least 6,000 years in
History. The first known battle where Bands were used, as reported in the Old Testament, is the
siege of Jericho, present-day Palestine, by prophet Joshua (A.S). Over the next millennia, the
role of Military Bands became central in conflict situation. Ottoman Caliphs made the Mehter
Marching Bands as essential feature of the demonstration of state power. The musical tunes,
among many other uses, also increased the patriotic spirit in the troops. However, whenever a
war ended, the Bands were taken to peace treaties to herald the end of conflict and ushering of
peace.
There is a strong practice, in the nature of Customary international law, that members of
the Bands are not harmed during warfare. In post-World War II, the marching bands have been
brought to the theatres of armed conflicts to bring peace and harmony as well as to give sense of
reassurance to non-combatant and civilian populations. The marching bands of Palestinian
children in occupied territories, the bands in Syrian refugees and the ones in Chechnya stand
testimony to the healing role that Bands perform during and after the conflict.
The paper will argue that, absence of Bands due socio-cultural reasons, in the conflicts in
Kashmir, Afghanistan and, more recently, in Pakistan‘s erstwhile FATA, the emotional and
psychological harm of the conflict may last longer. The paper will suggest the introduction of
internationally acceptable mechanisms to institutionalize the role of Marching Bands in post-
conflict arenas.
Post 9/11 American Foot-Prints in Pakistani Media: A Critique of Semiotic

Discourses of Pakistani Newspapers
Dr. Muhammad Akbar Sajid
Head, Department of English
NUML, Multan Campus
IMLC 2019 53
Ms. Saima Umar

Senior Instructor
NUML, Multan campus
This paper aims to highlight the power of image in shaping perception of the people
regarding American post 9/11 representation in Pakistani print media discourses. The study
deconstructs the semiotic discourse(s) of Pakistani newspaper Dawn (daily) from September
2018 to February 2019 to argue that linguistic and semiotic devices and techniques work
discursively to shape the readers‘ perception regarding American foot-prints in Pakistani print
media. It employs Multimodal Critical Discourse analysis approach by drawing upon Machin
(2009), Van Leeuwen framework for recontextualization (2008) and Fairclough‘s (2003) for
visual and linguistic analyses to lay bare embedded ideologies propagated through word-picture
conjunction. The researcher has validated findings of semiotic analysis by conducting two focus
groups discussions among the students of M.Phil. English (Linguistics) and the students of other
disciplines. The focus group data has been analyzed at the levels of word, context, internal
consistency, extensiveness, frequency and finding the big idea. Whereas, semiological discourse
analysis consists of participants, settings, poses, objects and discourse levels. The findings
reveal that no use of language is ideology free and American superiority is asserted through
visual discourses of the mentioned newspaper. Additionally, the research contends that word-
picture conjunction works insidiously to propagate desired ideologies to the target audience to
make certain ideologies as common sense.
English Becomes Woman: The Trauma of English and Pakistani Cultural

Unconscious
Iftikhar Shafi
Associate Professor
Department of English
University of Karachi
--- ‫الکھ پردوں میں رہوں‬
‫بھید مرے کھولتی ہے‬
‫ شاعری سچ بولتی ہےـ‬---
‫ قتیل شفایی‬--- ‫ــــــــــــــــ‬
IMLC 2019 54
Psychoanalytically, traumatic past events become a part of the unconscious, and are often
expressed through displaced and condensed images in dreams. Poetry and literature, in a similar
way, may be seen as reflecting the collective unconscious of a culture in metonymic and
metaphorical ways, the figurative counterparts of displacement and condensation in dream work.
This paper is part of a larger study that notes the uncanny and recurrent appearance of English
(as a synecdoche signifying language, Western culture, modernity, etc.) as a feminine figure in
the Muslim cultural discourse (literature / biography) in the subcontinent under the British rule
and also in the so-called postcolonial period. The study follows an analogical methodology while
trying not to be illogical. It argues that in various phases of its cultural interaction with the
Muslims of the subcontinent, English analogically appears in various canonical texts of this
cultural narrative first as a step-mother, then as a social sweetheart, and more contemporaneously
as a woman with whom one may only have a ―worldly‖ relationship — the Jahānzād (literally,
the one born of the world) of Noon Meem Rashid‘s famous quadrilogy Hasan Kūzagar. This
analogical / associational investigation into the unconscious of the narratives of Muslim cultural
history in the subcontinent was initially spurred by Shibli Nomani‘s biographer Sheikh
Muhammad Ikram‘s comment (later critically exploited by Nasir Abbas Nayyar) that for Shibli
English was like his step-mother, whose marriage to his father was a trauma similar to the
trauma of English usurping the position of Shibli‘s mother-tongue. The present paper, however,
focuses on the times in which perhaps English is no more seen to be playing even a step-
motherly role in our cultural life, rather it may arguably be seen as a woman presented by Rashid
as Jahānzād — a woman of a relentless market orientation.
Recapturing War to Reconstruct Peace in “From East Pakistan to
Bangladesh”
Prof. Dr. Aalia Sohail Khan
Director Rawalpindi Sub campus (Govt. Postgraduate College for Women)
University of Gujrat
Hearts are as ravaged by war and as much in need of reconstruction, as burnt out cities.
Thus, the success of peace building depends, at least in part, on individuals‘ life writings that put
their pasts of war and horror behind them to offer future possibilities of reconciliation and peace.
The life writing (memoirs) ‗East Pakistan to Bangladesh‘ written by Brig. (R) Saad Ullah Khan
in 1975, is used as a test case in this research paper to support this argument. This qualitative
IMLC 2019 55
study explores how the writer, who not only fought in the Civil war and 1971 war in Bangladesh,
but was also made a prisoner of war, moves beyond a cycle of revenge and retaliation to
something more constructive. The objective is to explore how after having encountered the
horror of war, human beings can feel compassion for antagonists and offer alternative narratives
divergent from official narratives. I have used Bottom-up approach associated with individual
psychosocial process of healing and peace building to analyse ‗East Pakistan to Bangladesh‘. An
analysis of the war imagery demonstrates that the writer does not use it to create a meta - conflict
to legitimize war, demonizing the enemy to justify the killings, polarizing the us versus them as
good and evil as a means for dealing with the conflict. He rather uses the war imagery as an
organizing principle, determining, impacting people‘s response to see the world and war with a
new perception and comprehension that emphasizes factors of contingency and ambiguity. This
approach enables him to eschew blame; he does not attribute the causes of conflict to the out
group members, thus suggesting possibilities of transformation and peace, rather than ascertain
factors such as the nature of enemy that suggests the impossibility of peace.
Polic(y)ing Post-conflict Writing: Lessons on Silencing from Urdu Short

Fiction of Zia Era
Muhammad Sheeraz Dasti
Assistant Professor & Chairperson Department of English
International Islamic University Islamabad
Literary responses to various forms of local and international oppressions can be found in
all major Pakistani languages. However, most of them have not received as much of scholarly
attention as has the Anglophone Pakistani literature of this kind. One of the reasons for this
indifference in Urdu scholarship is that resistance literature is usually mistaken as incidental
work produced in haste and thus not a serious subject or high art worthy of being considered
critically. Its thorough scholarly reading in English could not happen because most of this
literature has not yet been translated into English, and scholars proficient in Urdu and producing
critical works in English have contented themselves to the critique of a few prominent writers of
Urdu, for instance, Faiz Ahmad Faiz and Saadat Hassan Manto. While there is no denying the
fact that they hold a significant position in Pakistani literature, the tradition of resistance is in no
way limited to them. Bringing to the limelight other resistant voices from Urdu fiction, this paper
employs Barbara Harlow‘s framework of resistance literature to explore the strategy of silencing
IMLC 2019 56
as used in short stories written during the regime of Zia ul Haq (1977-1988) in Pakistan. With the
help of this exploration, I would try to argue how silencing has always brought forth innovative
literary models that document realistic history and voice much of what is termed unsayable by
the oppressive rules.
Traumatic Effects of Global War on Terror Survivors in Pakistan

Dr. Humaira Shahbaz
Senior Instructor
Department of Persian Studies, NUML
All Wars undeniably change the fundamental structure of families and their social and
economic life. Since Pakistan has been at the forefront of War on Terror since September-11
attacks, not only military families but also thousands of civilian lives have been impacted,
especially those of women who are often silent survivors of the conflict.
This article attempts to study the gender specific impact of armed conflict on women and girls.
This impact is studied as role of military women, military family women, women of non-military
war affected families and role played by non-military women in society in times of conflict.
This is both quantitative and qualitative study. It is limited to the review of non-fiction write-ups
of Hilal, an acclaimed journal of Pakistan Army. Women from different spheres of life as
warrior, war survivors and social activists will be interviewed for data collection.
This study highlights women's proactive roles as peace makers. It challenges governmental and
nongovernmental organizations to focus more consideration upon building women's capacities so
as to better protect children's physical and psychosocial well-being.
Trauma and Regional Peace: The Experience and Consequence of Global

War and Conflict in Sindhi Fiction
Dr. Mubarak Lashari
Assistant Professor
Institute of English Language & Literature
University of Sindh, Jamshoro Sindh
Literature is inevitably the mirror of society and its intrinsic and extrinsic happenings and
the consequences. It portrays the picture from different but very unique perspective of human
IMLC 2019 57
life. The experience of war, either at global or local, leaves marks and inscriptions at very deep
and significant level. The world has seen two major wars or conflicts in the perspectives of
thoughts and ideas i.e. cold war and 9/11 incident in the modern period. Both the happenings
have their unusual effects and consequences on the minds of the people. Literature, as accepted
well, has been main weapon of transferring the ideologies or has been used as tool for the
promoting one or the other school of thoughts. Therefore, literature, as repository of ideas,
thoughts and mottos, remained at core of the conflicts and the global peace.
Pakistani languages have been part of postcolonial, post-cold-war and post 9/11 effects
and shocks. Sindhi as the one of the major languages has been a great warehouse of ideas of the
conflicts and its experiences felt by Sindhi society. The paper is aimed to analyse the
consequences of the conflicts at regional level, though not restricted, portrayed in creative
literature. Sindhi fiction has been a foremost genre of its literature to depict reaction, influence,
shock, trauma and the other consequences of the war and conflicts. This paper would address
some selected short stories and novels directly addressing to trauma, conflict, reaction and the
consequences of the people or the state towards the people. The paper would discuss state and
non-state actors as well in the perspective.
Psycho-social Challenges of Iranian Asylum-Seekers in Turkey: A Case of

Transition and Conflict
Nevfel Boz
Assistant Professor
Department of Media and Communications,
Social Science University of Ankara, Turkey
Zehra Ersahin
Assistant Professor
Social Sciences University of Ankara
Much of the literature in refugee mental health focuses on anxiety, trauma and loss in the
context of situational environmental factors. But there is hardly any research on the dynamics of
psychosocial challenges the transition process inflict within conflict-affected and displaced
populations. The depressive and grief response that come with loss of home and resources can
manifest as emotional, and psychological symptoms- such as anger, confusion, agitation and
stress. Such stress and exposure to traumatic experiences could easily impact on how an asylum
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seeker may respond to host societies‘ cultural and other living resources. In this light, current
research aims to question how conflict and transition impact on the psycho-social challenges of a
relatively less investigated community of people - that is Iranian asylum seekers in Turkey.
Among those Iranian refugees waiting for residency status from third countries, a sample of 300
hundred participants were drawn. Culturally adapted measures of exclusion, adaptation, language
proficiency, grief, depression and living difficulties on a temporary refugee status were
administered to the participants. Temporary Iranian refugees in Turkey reported a number of
psychological difficulties besides financial and social challenges. We identified a major issue of
complicated grief which encompasses depression, loss (of identity, resources, routine, comfort
zone and social network) and loneliness that comes with stigmatization and exclusion. A
temporary status as well as language inefficiency seems to prolong grief processes, with a
persistent sense of longing and need for belongingness. This also seems to correlate with
subjective degrees of social isolation of the sample. Findings of the current work have important
implications for academics, clinicians and policy makers who are interested in the issue of
addressing the complexity of psycho-social challenges of refugees.
Coping and Adaptation Mechanisms of Syrian Refugees in Turkey: A
Framework for Post-traumatic Growth
Zehra Ersahin
Assistant Professor
Chartered Clinical Psychologist
Nevfel Boz
Assistant Professor
Sevgi Kurtulmus
Professor
Individuals experiencing traumatic events are prone to develop posttraumatic conditions,

most commonly Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). In the case of a forced migration, the
impact may overlap with other challenging experiences triggering complex responses to the
overall impact of such negative events. Factors such as war, death of family members, loss of
security and communal identity may trigger such a complex presentation. As much as situational
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factors, individual factors also play a role in how survivors of conflict respond to challenging
traumatic events. This is theorized to have an impact on the severity of PTSD symptoms, as well
as post-traumatic growth (PTG)- a positive change that empowers adaptive resources of
survivors. Intense emotions that are part of this transition are a critical component of how
individuals regulate their emotions to a new environment.
Current study examines how coping styles and personality traits interact to influence PTSD and
PTG. A minimum of four hundred immigrants of Syrian refugees residing in Turkey completed
self-report measures of trauma exposure, coping styles, personality traits, emotion regulation,
coping styles and PTG.
Factors of personality traits, coping style, emotion regulation – specifically expression
suppressive tendencies of an individual seem to mediate the relationship between traumatic
experiences and PTG. Acceptance, positive personality traits such as openness, and higher levels
of emotion regulation correlated with positive adaptive coping strategies and partially mediated
the relationship between traumatic experiences and PTG. Maladaptive coping, catastrophizing
and neuroticism were negatively correlated with PTG. All levels of emotion suppression
predicted lower social adaptation, isolation of others, and lower social satisfaction. Our findings
are subject to the limitations of the self-report and cross-sectional nature of the data. We suggest
emotion regulation and coping-oriented clinical interventions have potential to reduce symptoms
of trauma exposure and promote positive growth.
Poetics of Migration Trauma in Mohsin Hamid’s Novel Exit West
Ms. Qurratulaen Liaqat
Assistant Professor Department of English Language and Literature
Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore
Dr. Asia Mukhtar

Assistant Professor Department of International Relations
Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore
Migration has emerged as one of the most pertinent issues in the contemporary milieu.
Currently, more than ever, people from many countries are being forced to migrate because of
religious, social, cultural, national, racial and economic issues. This increasing trend of shifting
from one place to another is causing an epistemological shift in the current milieu of human
history. Creative fiction is playing a crucial role to understand, analyse and chronicle this
IMLC 2019 60
changing nature of reality. Exit West by Hamid is one of those novels that develops a discursive
discourse of the ongoing migrant crisis, and highlights the ugly realities related to the
phenomenon of relocation. It chronicles the story of two lovers, Nadia and Saeed, who migrate
from their conflict-ridden country to save their lives. In addition to their migration, there are
numerous vignettes incorporated in this narrative which capture the multiple dimensions of
refugee crisis. In order to capture this paradigm shift of the contemporary times, a new praxis is
needed to analyse the emerging aesthetic discourse of trauma of migration. This paper intends to
critically analyse the artistic aspect of migration traumatic according to the framework of Critical
Trauma Theories proposed by Maurice Stevens (2009), Eric Wertheimer and Monica Jasper
(2016). In fact, this research intends to configure the poetics of migration trauma in the
contemporary literature by analysing the symbols, metaphors and narrative technique used in
Hamid‘s text. In short, the paper aims to draw a discursive aesthetic trajectory of the migration
trauma discourse.
Impacts of Trauma on the Identity of Refugees

Zunera Bukhari
Visiting Lecturer
Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur
Refugees are the people who are compelled to flee their homelands to escape human
rights abuses and other causes of prolonged physical and human distress. Consistently the
essential privileges of exiles are abused in endless countries around the globe, and an expanding
number of refugees are presented to calamities, episodes of extreme trauma and continuous
physical, sexual and mental persecution. The impacts of trauma on refugees are unlimited,
dependable and shattering to both their internal and external selves. This research paper analyzes
various works from the refugee literature and sheds light on how trauma has destroyed the
identity of the refugees. The discussion from the traumatic works of various writers like Khaled
Hosenni, Jean Arasanayagam's, Abdullah Al Baraduni's and Mahmoud Darwish will be an
example of how the individual‘s life is affected by the past, and how the past creates traumatic
present. This notion of trauma is not locatable in the simple violent or original event in an
individual's past, and it returns to haunt the survivor later on. Among some traumatized people,
the memory of a trauma is experienced as unbearable not only because it generates intensely
IMLC 2019 61
painful feelings but also because in recalling an event that destroyed a cherished certainty, a
great many contradictory thoughts and feelings are likely to arise.
Canonizing Trauma, Relativizing Peace, Cannibalizing History

Dr. Sibghatullah Khan
Assistant Professor
NUML, Islamabad
This paper attempts to investigate how the white western trauma (of war) has been
canonized and, as a result, how other traumas have been silenced or underrepresented through
imperialist axiomatics. Together with Michel Foucault‘s concept how power is used to control
and define knowledge, Gayatri Spivak‘s notion of ―Worlding‖ helps us understand how
canonization of the western trauma has been stage-managed. Predicated on the theory of
biological determinism, the superiority of the White West, established through a long history of
colonization, has provided sufficient alibis for its wars and war traumas to be textualised, filmed,
and consumed ad nauseam. From Thucydides‘ History of the Peloponnesian War through the
narratives of the American Civil War, Holocaust, Pak-India Partition, and 9/11 to the Gulf Wars,
the Kashmir and Palestine affairs, and ISIS crisis, the west has been propagating the idea that
―your pain may be forgotten but not ours.‖ It makes a good case against the westerners for giving
a superior coloring to their suffering and thus foregrounding their politics of remembering. In its
role as an arbiter and godmother of modern-day traumas, the UN works in collusion with the
western agenda, and its solecisms about Kashmir and Palestine, Darfur, Iraq, and Syria only
testify to the ways how our traumas are cathected as humanitarian crises. This intrusive
representation of the western trauma at the expense of our collective history of grief is, in
Spivak‘s terms, the ―worlding‖ of the Global South (Muslims‘) traumas that relativizes the
concept of peace. And this ―worlding‖ becomes possible only through ―[colonialist] / imperialist
narrativization of history‖ fashioned largely by historians, life writers, novelists, and filmmakers
of the Global North. Unless the cannibals of history are implicated, we will not be able to forget
the ―worlding‖ of our traumas.
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Translation in Trauma, Trauma in Translation: Speaking the Unspeakable

Dr. Jamil Asghar Jami
Director, Department of Translation and Interpretation
NUML
Translation traumatizes. Whether it is a matter of turning a paralyzing, irritant,

rebarbative guilt into a textual shame or, at a broader level, a case of dealing with the poetics and
politics of translation, trauma by definition entails a blockage of representation which is difficult
to capture in what Walter Benjamin terms the ―now-time‖ (Jetztzeit). Translations of trauma
belong to that family of texts which bear witness to a cultural memory under the violent
manifestations of history. While seeking to recover and recuperate the pained episodes of trauma
through or despite translation, translators tend to be located on the varied spectrum ranging from
the retrieval and relocation of the texts to their alienation and utter subversion. From unconsoling
pain to unassuaged loss, transmission of trauma entails a great deal of the unspeakable in the
face of which all the notions of so-called ―portable pathos‖ fly. The metaphor underlying trauma
is of untreated, sub-superficial wound: that which is not dealt with, cauterized, anaestheticized in
the present but which comes back later, expressed on the body in a different form. The same
metaphor in varying degree characterizes translation as well. Reading a translation of trauma at
times gives one a feel of reading a text resistant to commodification of suffering which
necessitates an indeterminacy which is both formal and affective. From Agamemnon‘s death to
Cordelia‘s hanging, everything is arrēton (‗unspeakable‘), yet it must be spoken, and in the
speaking, it is relived textually. This repetition is the only means to achieve restoration which
actualizes in translation.
The Politics of Remembering the Holocaust: An analysis of Euro-American

Cultural Production
Alla Ud Din
Lecturer
Baluchistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences
(BUITEMS) Quetta Baluchistan
The world witnessed some inhuman instances of barbarity during World War II. One
such instance, amidst the barbaric case of Hiroshima and Nagasaki is the Holocaust. The
Holocaust, which essentially refers to the Jewish extermination at the hands of Nazi Germany
IMLC 2019 63
during World War II finds remarkable recourse in art and literature. This event is exuberantly
idealized through the Euro-American cultural means of representation to the extent of matchless
persecution which cannot be equaled by any other event in history. Although it is not history for
Hilberg (1985) claims that history is deficient in capturing the ethos of the Holocaust for the
historians lack the skill of storytelling. This treatment of the Holocaust imparts it magnanimity
and raises it beyond space and time (Busse 2002). Hence, an encyclopedic literature gives an
unparalleled representation to the Holocaust memory.
Parvikko claims that ―remembering is not historically innocent; on the contrary, historical
memory is profoundly political. One could even claim that politicking with memory is one of the
most influential ways of doing politics‖ (2004, p.189).This study explores the case of the
Holocaust literature by analyzing Schindler’s List by Thomas Keneally and In My Enemy’s House
by Carol Mattas with a Foucauldian notion of discourse and shows the political nature of the
Holocaust memory in art and literature. The seismic effect of the Holocaust literature is analyzed
with special reference to Palestine, a country which is the victim of the Holocaust survivors.
Trauma And Conflict: A Post Colonial Analysis Of Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt

Shadows
Dr. Shahid Abbas
Lecturer
University of Sargodha
Sarah Gul
Research Scholar
University of Sargodha
This research investigates the traumatic impact of conflict and colonial legacy in
Post-Colonial perspective of Burnt Shadows. This novel is chosen because it minutely describes
the trauma of war and separation by a prolific author. The novel revolves around a woman
named Hiroko Tanaka who is forced to see conflicts in her life spanning many years. The story
starts from Japan and goes through many twists and turns and ends at the place which was
responsible for her first displacement from home. The book explores global conflicts like World
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War Two, Partition of India and Pakistan, Cold War and 9/11. The postcolonial theory explores
how these migrations are product of the workings of oppressor countries who disregards the
condition of people in colonized countries. Colonizer countries looted the resources of the
colonized people but left behind a bloody legacy as in the instance of India-Pakistan partition.
The findings of this study after deep textual analysis of the characterization and settings in novel
show the condition of colonized/oppressed countries and their sufferings and trauma and expose
the shadow of colonizer countries that looms large after the decolonization. This study will
benefit us in knowing about the workings of the colonial powers and how its traumatic effects
are still felt.
Exit the Big Other: “Disintegration of the Big Other” Through the
Unsymbolizability of Trauma in Exit West
Muhammad Ehtisham
Lecturer, Department of English
Edwardes College Peshawar
This paper is an analysis of the traumatizing conflict in Mohsin Hamid‘s 2019 novel, Exit
West. It is interesting that once the conflict-induced traumatic event occurs, the big Other as
authority for repression and oppression collapses. Moreover, the big Other of traditional cultural
values/norms also disintegrates. Saeed and Nadia secretly date each other, since the big Other
does not allow this. However, once Saeed‘s mother is killed, Nadia moves in with him and his
father. In the wake of the traumatic event, social rules are suddenly nullified and this makes it
possible for an unmarried couple to live together with the father and for Nadia to be integrated
into the family without any certificate from society – something that was entirely unimaginable
prior to trauma. The cause of this demise of social structures is the nature of trauma itself.
Trauma is that which functions in the Lacanian Real: it cannot be symbolized. Since, the big
Other of social customs is inscribed within the Lacanian Symbolic, with the storm of trauma this
big Other disintegrates. This opens up a niche of freedom unique to the victimized society. This,
moreover, opens doors that lie in the space of that which has not yet been symbolized. Hence, the
members of Saeed and Nadia‘s city escape the conflict through magical doors, since an escape
cannot happen in the symbolic world of visas but can only occur through that which is beyond
the logic of the symbolic: the domain of the magical real which becomes similar to the Lacanian
Real insofar as it is pre-symbolic and post-symbolic in this case.
IMLC 2019 65
Russia's History in the 20th Century: a Permanent Trauma

Prof. Sergei Serebriany
Professor
Russian State University, Moscow
The history of Russia in the 20th century, according to the official Soviet mythology, has
been a story of "world-historical" victories. After 1917, for about seventy years, the "Soviet
people", under the wise guidance of the Communist Party, were busy "building socialism". This
mythology (still taken seriously by quite a few people in Russia and other countries) do not
explain why, in the late 1980s, the "Soviet Union" collapsed and finally, in 1991, disintegrated.
We still do not have a commonly accepted description/interpretation of Russia's history

in the 20th century. But a more plausible narration may be like this. The fist world war (1914-
1918) brought about the collapse of the Russian Empire. By the beginning of 1918, a small party
of resolute and unscrupulous extremists captured power in Russia. A bloody civil war followed
(1918-1920), which took more lives and damaged the country much more than the preceeding
world war. The next decade was marked by a struggle for power within the ruling party. By the
end of the 1920s, Stalin, probably the most unscrupulous of the gang, emerged as №1. He
launched the "collectivisation" (actually, the destruction of peasantry) and, in the late 1930,
waves of state terror, which have not been so far explained properly. In 1939, Stalin was one of
the initiators of the second world war, which brought about terrible losses to the country and the
people. After the war, new waves of state terror took place. Stalin's successors tried, half-
heartedly, to rule the country in more civilised ways, but the system eventually failed by 1991,
and, till now, Russia has not been able to recover fully from the traumas of the "Soviet" past.
Those traumas have not been, as far as I can judge, fully reflected in the works of art and
creative literature. Perhaps, the very scale, the enormous immensity of this traumatic experience
is forbidding for any artistic presentation. In my opinion, what is needed, in the first place, is a
comprehensive study of 20th century Russian history by historians and other social scientists.
IMLC 2019 66
Post Traumatic Pedagogical Challenges in Resilient Learning And

Implementation Of Trauma Informed Teaching Strategies in APS Peshawar
Nazakat Awan
Lecturer, Department of English
Hazara University Mansehra KP
On 16th December 2014 the students of Army Public Peshawar witnessed an unprecedented
tragedy in their life. A cold blooded terrorist attack in moments killed more than one hundred children
and many faculty members leaving behind a gloomy and traumatic learning premise. The impacts of such
appalling incident are natural especially on immediate affectees hampering their emotional and cognitive
capacities to cope with post traumatic challenges. Souers & Hall (2016) describe trauma as an exceptional
experience in which powerful and dangerous events overwhelm a person‘s capacity to cope. Children
affected by trauma are more vulnerable to stress, anxiety and cognitive debilitation. They need additional
support both at personal and academic level to moderate intensity of emotional imbalance on one hand
and to progress in academic activities on other. This poses a great pedagogical challenge to the teachers to
deal with extraordinary classroom situations. There are trauma informed teaching strategies which claim
to foster resilient learners in post-traumatic scenario. These strategies are implemented in classes to attain
objectives of adequate learnability. Present study will discover trauma related pedagogical challenges
faced by teachers in Army Public School in the backdrop of 16th December 2014 tragedy. The study will
also investigate implementation of trauma informed teaching strategies in the classes. Data will be
collected from the teachers of APS through semi structured questionnaires (Souers & Hall, 2016). The
study will be significant in assessing how theraupic pedagogy can facilitate learning in post-traumatic
instances. The same can be replicated in other traumatic situations like earthquake or some other
unexpected catastrophe. The significance of study cannot be denied owing to its practical benefits for
positive learning.
War Narratives, PTSD and Coping Mechanisms: Cultural Productions in

Focus
Kulsoom Shahzor
MS Scholar
Air University
Literature has witnessed diversification in the past few decades. With varied dimensions and
areas to discover, literature has tremendously widened its scope and likewise altered its course on
many levels. War literature has gained significant importance. Numerous writers have shared their
IMLC 2019 67
views and narrativised them in the form of novels as well. Iraq war gave new perspectives to
literature. Writers, journalists and soldiers came forward to narrate their stories for the world to see
and observe. The novel chosen for this research is The Yellow Birds by Kevin Powers. Centered in
Iraq, this is a story of comradeship, love, loss and trauma afterwards. It is a qualitative research and
bases Judith Lewis Herman‘s model of trauma for analysis. The study concludes that though trauma
is a wound to the human mind yet recovery at certain levels is possible in human beings and
specifically in soldiers.
Siraiki Language Speakers in Britain: An Ethnographic Study
Nukhbah Taj Langah, PhD

Associate Professor English Department & Dean of Humanities
Forman Christian College University, Lahore
This presentation is based on an ethnographic study to explore the ways in which the first
and second generations of Siraiki speakers have settled in Britain after 1947 and continue to
associate with their origins through their mother language as their key identity marker. I observe
their diasporic experience as traumatic because it is convoluting their Siraiki- Pakistani-British
identities. Thus, I aim to interrogate how they have struggled to preserve their ethno-linguistic
origins and passed it on to the next generation through speaking the language at home, reading
(folk, classical or contemporary) literature or following certain cultural practices. The theoretical
impetus in this study is critical discourse analysis of the ethnographic data collected from
London in the light of social hierarchies, inequality and power that surround the Siraiki identity
politics (Blommaert and Bulcaen 2000). The discussion will shed light on methodological
choices for this research, challenges of subjectivity, key theoretical and argumentative
engagements and sharing a brief overview of the results of data collected from London. In this
study the diasporic experiences of this community and their struggle to preserve their identity are
approached as narratives and testimonies of trauma.
Trauma, Memory and Cognition of Remembered Self: A Case study of
Wastes of Times; Reflections on Decline and Fall of East Pakistan (a memoir)
by Syed Sajjad Husain
Ghazala Tabbasum
Associate Professor of English & Head of English department
UOG Sub Campus RWP
IMLC 2019 68
This qualitative study explores a memoir entitled as Wastes of Times; Reflections on the
Decline and Fall of East Pakistan (1995) by Professor Dr. Syed Sajjad Husain who was the Vice
Chancellor of Dhaka University at the time of this national tragedy. He recollects and reflects on
the memories of events of 1971, 1947, and independence movement beyond 1947 in an attempt
to provide a complete historical, cultural and political context of the Fall of Dhaka. The context
in which the memoir was written i.e. author‘s trauma of physical torture on the hands of Mukti
Bahani (Bengali Separatists) that crippled him for life time, and psychological trauma he
suffered during his imprisonment in the Central Jail Dhaka (1971-73), plays a significant role in
shaping the content of the memoir and the function it serves for its author.
A careful investigation of the memoir highlights selection, signification and omissions in

representation of past. The author has focused on certain details, marginalized some others while
completely omitted some well-known historical facts related to the subject. He includes only
those details that fit neatly into the author‘s perception of the event and comport most cleanly
with the self-image he wishes to evolve for himself.
This paper argues that the traumatic experience of 19th Dec. 1971 has affected the self-
image of the author and he tries to rebuild it through act of remembering. By applying two
concepts of Memory Studies i.e. memory as a social construct and selective remembering under
trauma (Halbwachs,1950), the critical investigation shows that representation of the past in the
memoir is subjective and selective and serves as a tool for reconstruction of the remembered self.
The writing of memoir thus is a cognitive attempt to decolonizing trauma.
The Role of Native Informers in Representation of 9/11: A Critical Study of

Khaled Hosseini’s Novels
Dr. Waheed Ahmad Khan

Assistant Professor
Government College of Management Sciences No-II, Nowshera
The event of 9/11 has changed not only the political scenario of Afghanistan but also the
mode of literature written about this country, its people and culture. The attack on Afghanistan is
justified in the name of peace by the writers who are acclaimed for their knowledge production
especially after 9/11. This kind of knowledge production mainly misrepresents the Subaltern and
IMLC 2019 69
legitimizes domination of the U.S. The paramount concern of this paper is to analyze the role of
native informers in misrepresentation of the Subaltern (Pashtun people) in order to justify
brutality of the imperial power in the name of war on terror. Khaled Hosseini is a native informer
who paves ground in the form of ‗knowledge production‘ for warmongering in Afghanistan in
order to serve interests of the U.S. imperialism. He represents American forces as angels who
help Afghan people. In his novels, he does not reveal failure of American forces in Afghanistan.
For him, presence of American forces is inevitable because without them Afghanistan will not
prosper. However, the Taliban-US talks, which should have been the first option in 2001, in
Doha in 2019 shows failure of the U.S. in Afghanistan. The representation of 9/11 and post 9/11
needs to be questioned in the manner of ‗counter-knowledge production‘. The Subaltern instead
of being represented needs to represent themselves. It is better that we change the ‗self-appointed
interlocutor‘ not only at political level but also in terms of literature. Native informers rely on the
imperium of the U.S. for their knowledge production. It ensures promotion of their career and
also the interest-based agenda of the U.S. Empire.
Comparative Study of Traumatic Lives of Artur Sammler in Saul Bellow’s

Mr. Sammler’s Planet and Eliezer in Elie Wiesel’s Night
Dr. Faisal Arif Sukhera
Assistant Professor of English
IMCB, H/9, Islamabad
This essay explores the traumatic memories of Artur Sammler of Saul Bellow‘s novel,
Mr.Sammler’s Planet and is compared with that of Eliezer‘s trauma in Elie Wiesel‘s memoir Night. Mr.
Sammler is a fictional character while the narrator-- Eliezer is Elie Wiesel himself, who was subjected to
the oppressive Nazi atrocities during World War II. His memoir is a harrowing tale of ruthless murder and
torture meted out to the hapless Jewry during the Holocaust. Being a Polish Jew, in his early teens, Wiesel
was captured by the Nazis and he remained in the concentration camps till the end of the War. Mr.
Sammler miraculously escaped the killing spree of soldiers, but his wife was ruthlessly killed by the
Germans and consequently, his psyche was marred to such an extent that he could not lead a normal life
even after lapse of many years. The application of Cathy Caruth(1995) and Dominick La Capra‘s(1999)
trauma theories support my contention that the intensity of trauma faced by the two protagonists may be
different but generally both suffer from certain psychosocial issues like phobia, anxiety, restlessness,
PTSD, etc. These traumatic patterns in the behavior would be further analyzed by close reading of the
texts.
IMLC 2019 70
Palestinian Literary Response to the Trauma of Occupation

Muhammad Ajmal Khan
Assistant Professor of Literature
GIFT University, Gujranwala
Trauma connotes a suddenness that exceeds the available resources for withstanding it. It
is an uncontrollable and unmanageable phenomenon. It reduces the possibility of normalcy and
lingers in memory for a long time. It redefines life and continues to do so for all times to come. If
it loses this inherent redefining feature, it was never a trauma; it was only a happening, a mishap
at the most. The Palestinian trauma is unique in the sense that what began at the turn of the
twentieth century with Balfour Declaration, has persisted through the first two decades of 21st
century with no end in view. Millions of refugees dispossessed of their rights of return await the
world‘s conscience to stir. The way Jewish settlements proliferate and are provided legal cover
domestically and internationally is common knowledge. Disproportional punishments are
extended to the Palestinians who show any signs of confrontation to the illegitimacy of Israeli
empire building. Experts of international affairs cry cautioning against an impending global
tragedy.
Apart from the initial militaristic response to the occupation and post occupation Israeli
mechanization, Palestinians have invariably dealt with the situation with fortitude, persistence,
collectivism and sumud, an Arabic word that denotes perseverance and resilience with focus on
survival through passive resistance including literary production. This literature is growing in
scope and dimensions circumventing what Judith Herman calls episodic amnesia while it keeps
pace with the challenges of a complex and apartheid colonial occupation. The paper attempts to
trace this representational literary response that defines and redefines the traumatism inherent in
Palestinian struggle from the creation of Israel in 1948, an event they call Nakba, ‗the
catastrophe‘ to the present day when, in the words of Mahmoud Darwish, ―The Palestinian
people have launched a redemptive journey to the future.‖
IMLC 2019 71
Virtual Reality, Hybrid Body, Gender Transformation and Prosthetic

Memory in Cyber Culture Cause Trauma in Individuals; Exploring Cyber
Culture Works Of Bruce Sterlin and Scott WesterField
Junaid Mehmud
Assistant Professor, English Department
GPGC Jhelum
We listen every day that we are living in cyber culture. Cyber culture is a result of
scientific progress made by the man. Especially, the inventions of computer and internet have
changed the outlook of culture. There is not a single department of human life left which has not
been revolutionized the human life by machine. On the other hand, this scientific revolution has
already posed many problems and threatened the human being.
Living in Cyber Culture has become a challenge. People face many traumas since they
come across blur realities, cyborgs, transformed genders and memories based on images instead
of their personal experiences. Human face anxieties, agonies and conflicts Cavallaro in his book
“Cyber Punk and Cyber Culture” science fiction and the work of William Gibson has explored
the causes of trauma in the individuals of cyber culture. According to him, trauma is caused by
virtual reality, that blurs the image and real, haunting fears of hybrid body , new roles of
transformed gender and the memory provided the individuals through images. In this paper, I
will explore the cyber culture works of Sterling and Scott Wester Field to investigate the trauma
in the individuals of these works. I will try to point out how virtual reality, Hybrid body, gender
transformation and prosthetic memory [play their role in creating traumatic situations for
individuals. This paper will also explore, how the individual try to come out of these traumatic
sufferings.
Digitalizing Partition: A Way forward to the Problematic of Identity

Ms. Sadia Akram
Lecturer, Department of English Literature
Dr. Asma Aftab

Assistant Professor
Department of English Literature
IMLC 2019 72
This paper deals with the problematic of identity during/after partition of 1947. It focuses
on the difference between digitalized and textualised version of the past and to understand it in
the wake of postmodern hyper-reality/differend. It seeks to anlayse Javed Jabbar‘s adapted
version of Ramchand Pakistani and Razia Butt‘s dramatized version of the novel Bano
(Dastaan). It explores how characters undergo different changes in an attempt to cope with the
trauma of forced separation from their families. Human identity is not fixed and the changes in
character‘s identity occur due to shifting faces of communitarian politics. This shift, in its
discursive form gives way to changing faces of identity which, in turn, are subject to the medium
of representation with their entailing politics. The study further explores how does textual or
digital version of history correspond with or collide to the representation of the 1947 partition?
In other words, it discovers how an introspective representation of the past differs from a
retrospective illustration of the official history? It does not solely privilege the literary texts as
embodiment of truth and reality, rather it focuses on the multiplicity and diversity of perspectives
regarding the highly politicized debate of partition and its aftermath vis-à-vis its effects on the
lives of common people and subaltern history. This study concludes that digitalizing partition or
the past can serve as a way forward to the identity crisis related to partition, with the hope of
accepting and respecting difference based on separate ideological, ethnic, political and cultural
identities of all agents as an important lesson that we should all learn from our history as well as
our present.
Situating Women in Trauma of War; An Analysis of Baghdad Burning, a Blog

from an Iraqi Woman
Muhammad Rizwan
Lecturer
Govt. Higher Secondary School (grade 16), Sarai Alamgir, Gujrat
Ms. Saima Anwar

Assistant Professor
University of Gujrat, Gujrat
The paper deals with situating women in war trauma in Baghdad Burning a girl‘s blog
from Iraq. During the course of the study, the researcher attempts to reveal the rising of
fundamentalism in Iraq after the war. The status of the women in the country kept altering
IMLC 2019 73
because of the atrocities of the war but media does not bother the poor plight of the Iraqi women
and their families and only makes its dirty money. The objective of this study is to safeguard the
rights and honour of the women after the traumatic experiences. The study explores whether the
unlashed media is doing its duties truthfully or it dishonestly manipulates the facts about the
Iraqi women‘s traumatic experiences. The paper exposes the reason behind the hiding of the true
identity of the author pseudo-named Riverbend. The framework for the study has been taken
from an article ―A Conceptual Framework for the Impact of Traumatic Experiences‖ written by
Eve B Carlson and the co-author Constance Dalenberg. The researcher attempts to highlight the
negative, sudden and uncontrollable experiences of the writer in the context of the war of Iraq.
The paper gives a textual analysis of the non-fiction. The post-effects of trauma of war on the
migration of Iraqis to the nearby countries have also been identified. The study unfolds the
reality that a traumatic event becomes a nightmare especially for a woman and a series of
flashbacks to the same traumatic experience becomes recurrent. The paper uncovers the fact that
women are more susceptible to trauma.
Women in the Traumatic Narrative of Conflicting Wars and Diaspora: An

Analysis of Burnt Shadows by Kamila Shamsi
Shamsa Malik
Assistant Professor
National University of Modern Languages (NUML)
Lahore Campus
Human race has always been struggling for civilization, enlightenment and cultivated
culture. Despite all the efforts and huge claims of the civilized world, there has always been a tug
of war for dominance, control and supremacy over the other races, nations and countries which
resulted in colonialism/imperialism, neo-colonialism and war on terror 9/11. This has created
massive destruction worldwide imparting nerve racking effects on the psyche and lives of human
beings. The present research examines the condition of women in the traumatic narrative of war
in the fictional world of Burnt Shadows (2009) by Kmila Shamsi and presents the post-conflict
effects of these wars on individuals, situating women in the middle of the crisis. The paper also
explores how immigrants bear multiple losses incurred on them facing stress and torture in a new
culture, struggling to adapt new ways of life and negotiating the previous losses. The novel
presents shadowy presence of the past and multiple ways of diasporic existence as faced by the
IMLC 2019 74
characters particularly the protagonist Hiroko Tanaka revealing the strength of her character. The
research design used in this study is qualitative while the textual analysis along with the
interpretive analysis is used for the purpose of analyzing the data. The research pursues different
theoretical concepts such as the standpoint theory by bell hooks (2004) and Homi K. Bhaba‘s
concept of ‗Hybridity‘ in the postcolonial context.
Creation of an Imaginary Enemy
‫وخداسہتخوصترایتدنمش‬
‫ڈاکٹش قبضی عببذ‬

‫ هلتبى‬،‫ بہبؤالذیي صکشیب یوًیوسسٹی‬،‫صذس شعبہ اسدو‬
‫ت‬
‫انتزعاورمیسقتدیپاوہیئ۔رغمبےناالسیمرشمؼںیمایایندنمشاسحایکسجےن‬،‫داینںیمرسدجےکاخےمتےکدعبایاوررطحیکج‬
‫ رغمیب ج وک دیپا ایک۔ اس م ن ںیم دوونں رطػ ےک ا ماؾ وک اردو ےک ن ے راگوؽ راگروں ےن سک رطح داھکی ےہ۔ اس‬/‫ای یئن وعض یک االسیم‬
‫دفصروقنیاورریشازدیتسےکیاوولںےناییالکن ےادنازںیماسوصرتاحؽوکداھکی۔‬،‫میعنگیب‬،‫آہنمیتفم‬،‫ومضمؿںیماسارماکزجتہیایکئاےئ ا‬
At end of the cold war we have seen a new war, conflict and divide in the world. West
discovered a new enemy in Muslim World. A new war started between west and Islam. It
produced a menu of ambiguity. New Urdu novelists like Mufti, Naeem Baig, Safdar Naqvi and
Sheeraz Dasti have analyzed this situation in form of literature.
The Comical Symbolic Expression of Social Insensitivity and Political Shocks

in Munir Niazi’s Poetry
ِ
‫ایسیس دصامتاکزنطہیالعیتماولسبںیمااہظر‬،‫الکؾمراینزیںیمامسیجےبیسح‬
‫ت‬
‫ڈارٹکفرحںیبجورک‬
‫دصرہبعشاُردو‬
‫راوڈنپلی‬،‫افہمطانجحوونمیویوینریٹس‬
ِ
‫ںیہ۔مایؾیاناتسؿ‬ ‫ُاردورعشاااصحتسیل ےقبطیکرکموہاچولں اوراغمہطلرطازی ےکحیبقڈنکھتہوں ےکالخػہشیمہآوا ِزااجتحجدنلبرک ے آےئ‬
‫ت‬
‫لبقاوردعبےسیااحؽرعشاےنتقیقحدنسپاہنادنا ِزرکفیکڈرگوکایلسلستےساانپیاےہاوراےنپجراتدنماہنؤمفقوکاانپےئرےنھکیک ُئراخرراہرپ‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪75‬‬
‫اےنپوخؿِ رگجےسںیعمشالجںیئ۔اےسییہرعشاںیممراینزیاکیاؾامنیاںےہہکوجاحالتاکامراوہاااسیاسحسشارعاھتہکسجےنزدنیگیکوتقیقحںوک‬
‫حسوروزاےنپاسےنمفشکنموہ ےداھکیوتآ ایہےکاسروزؿےسآیہگیکںیعمشرونشںیک۔‬
‫اِس رفسِ آیہگ ےن ر‬
‫م اینزی وک ُح اولینط اک وچال جراھےئ تہب ےس اناؿ امن ویشح و ونجمں تفص دردنوں ےک الص رن و روپ ےس اعتمرػ‬
‫م اینزی(اجنپیب و اردو)ںیم اعمرشے ےک اگبڑ یک ووجاہت‪،‬امسیج ےبیسح‪،‬ایسیس دصامت اور اناین زدنیگ ےک ُدوھکںاک ااہظرزنطہی العیتم‬ ‫رکای ِ‬
‫ا۔الکؾ ر‬
‫ت‬
‫ادناز ںیماتلمےہ۔وہذاتاوراعؾاناینزدنیگےک ُدوھکںاکذہمداروخدوعاؾاانلساوراےنپایسیسرھنمااؤںوکفراردےتیںیہ۔‬
‫دہعِ جذیذ ںیم اناؿ اور رہشوں ےک رگد یٹپل ڈر‪،‬وخػ‪،‬دتشہ اور نکھت یک دزیب اچدر وک اوڑاھےن واےل اہوھتں ےک ےئل ح وہ ادنریھی‬
‫رات‪،‬جرولیں‪،‬وھبوتں‪،‬اسوپنں‪،‬اسدوھؤں‪،‬آسزدہویتسبں‪،‬رہشوںاورولگنجںیکالعامتاامعتسؽرک ےںیہ‪،‬وتاؿےکسپِرپدہاعمرشےںیمیایئ‬
‫ئاےنوایلےبیسب‪،‬نٹھگاوراناینزدنیگےک ُدھکاوردصامتاصػےتکلھجںیہ۔‬
‫ماینزی یک شارعی اےنپامسج یکاہکین اور تقیقحاک وہ ایبہینےہےسج ایبؿ رک ےوہےئ مر اینزی ایوصخمص ااسریطی اضفاک‬
‫درالص ر‬
‫اہسراےتیلںیہ۔‬
‫اقمہلہذاںیم ِ‬
‫الکؾمراینزیےکانترظںیمایسالعیتمزنطہیاولسباکزجتہیشیپایکئاےئ ا۔‬
‫‪Reflection of 9/11 in the poetry of Urdu poets of England‬‬

‫بشطبًوی اسدو شعشا کی شبعشی هیں ًبئي الیوى کی عکبسی‬
‫ڈاکٹش شیشعلی‪،‬چیئشهیي اسدو ڈیپبسٹوٌٹ‬
‫هذیش ایچ ای سی هٌظوس شذٍ سیسشچ جشًل الحوذ‬
‫الحوذ اسالهک یوًیوسسٹی‪ ،‬اسالم آببد‬
‫جنج‬
‫یانئ اویلؿ اک واہعق ای ااسی درد یاک اسہحن ےہ‪ ،‬سج ےن وپری داین وک ھوڑ ےک رھک دیا ےہ۔ سج ےک ےجیتن ںیم ااغفؿ ج اک آاغز وہا اور‬
‫ت‬
‫رقتابی امتؾ امہ اممکل اسیج ہک ئراطہین‪،‬فراسن‪ ،‬آرٹسایلی‪ ،‬ڈینیکا‪ ،‬وینزی ڈنیل‪،‬دحتمہ رعب اامرات‪ ،‬وعسدی رعب اور ماں ی ہک یاناتسؿ دتشہرگدی‬
‫ےکالخػجںیمارمہکیےکفیلحنبےئگ۔‬
‫ادب زدنیگ اک اکعس ےہ۔ ئراطہین ںیم میقم اردو رعشا ےن یھب اس امل یاک واہعق اک ائر وبقؽ ایک۔ ہی ای رطػ ااہتنیئ رکب یاک ہحمل اھت وت‬
‫دورسیرطػاسواےعقےنبیذ ںوںےکمدادؾےکم نںیما ھااسیساورہ ےتگوہےئلااالتوکد مدیا۔‬
‫ئراطہینےکا ھاردورعشاےن یانئاویلؿےکاتمئرنیےکزومخںاکاوحاؽرمقایکاوراسواےعقوکاناینبیذیرپہلمحرگدایا۔ا ھدورسوں‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫ےنارمہکیاوراسےکااحتدویںاکااغفناؿاوررعاؼےکوصعمؾولوگں‪،‬وعروتںاوروچبںرپےبدرداہنہلمحاورابمبرییکیتخسےسذممیک۔اوھنں‬
IMLC 2019 76
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫ےن ارمہکی یک رعاؼ ےس لیت ےک وصحؽ یک وصرت ںیم ااصحتسؽ یک یھب ذمم یک۔ اؿ اک اولسب ااہظر یھبک العیتم راہ اور یھبک اوھنں ےن ئراہ راس‬
‫اےنپاظفحتتاکااہظرایک۔‬
‫ ڈارٹک‬، ‫ڈارٹک ادباافغر زعؾ‬، ‫ ڈارٹک اتخمر ادلنی ادمح‬، ‫ڈارٹک میل ارل نم‬، ‫اس رصتخم اردو رپی ںیم ئراطہین ےکامتؾامہ اردو رعشا الث ًاسیق افرویق‬
‫اردشفیطلوریغہیکشارعیںیمیانئاویلؿیکاکعیساکرعشیاثمولںاکوحاہلدےتیوہےئ‬،‫یانیمسبیبح‬،‫یشعبانمت‬،‫رپورسیفالغؾاقدرآزاد‬،‫یفصنسح‬
‫ئائرہایلایگےہ۔‬
9/11 is one of the most terrible incidents that shattered the whole world. As a
consequence, Afghan War was started and approximately all important countries such as UK,
France, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UAE, KSA and even Pakistan became alley of USA in
this War against Terror.
Literature is reflection of life. Urdu poets residing in England also took great impact from
this tragic incident. It was a moment of intense sorrow on one hand, but on the other hand, this
incident arose some vital and burning questions of Clash of Civilization.
Some Urdu poets of England described the wounds of affected families and considered it
as an attack on Human Civilization. Some others also strongly condemned the barbaric attack
and bombing of United State of America and its 48 allies over innocent people, women and
children of Afghanistan as well as Iraq. They also criticized the exploitation of America in the
form of getting oil from Iraq. Their way of expression is symbolic at times and some time they
directly express their grievances.
In this brief Urdu article, the reflection of 9/11 in the poetry of Urdu poets of England has
been analyzed and discussed by questing poetic examples from all important poets such as Saqi
Faruqqi, Dr. Saleem Ur Rehman, Dr. Mukhtar Ud Din, Dr. Abdul Ghafar Azam, Dr. Safi Hassan,
Prof. Ghulam Qadir Azad, Yashab Tamana, Yasmin Habib, Arshad Latif etc.
Post-Conflict Literature and Urdu Poetry
‫امدعبانتزہعادباور ُاردومظن‬
‫اسئرہ وتبؽ‬
‫االسؾآیاد‬،‫نیباالوقایماالسیمویوینریٹس‬،‫ہبعشاردو‬،‫اٹنٹسسرپورسیف‬
‫امدعبانتزعادباوراردومظن‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪77‬‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫‪۹۱۹۱‬ےس‪ ،‬ینعی ح ےس روس ےن ااغفناؿ یک رسزنیم اخیل یک‪ ،‬ااغفناؿ ارمیکی نشکف‪ ،‬وطبراخص ملف اور ڈراہم اک ای لقتسم ہصح نب‬
‫اکچےہ۔نکیلیسکےنوخدااغفینادبںیمدیپاوہئاےنواےلاالقنبرپیھبکرظنںیہنیک۔اسیکوہجہیریہہکااغفؿایبےینوکیھبکیھبوہذراعئرسیمہن‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫آےکس نجےک اامعتسؽ ےس وہ اانپ ادبداین ےک ادیب راگراخےن ںیم اجس ے۔یاناتسؿ اُؿ دوونں وگنجںاک ّفاؽ ئرنیہصحراہ ےہ اورآج ی رشیےہ‪ ،‬وج‬
‫ت‬
‫ااغفناؿ ںیم ڑلی ںیئگ ینعی نج ی ج ےسج ارمیکی ا داد ےس روس ےک الخػ یاناتسؿ ےن لمکمایک اور دورسی ج وج ااغفؿ اطک نؿ ےک الخػ ارمیکی‬
‫ت‬
‫اوفاج زگہتش ااھٹرہ اسؽ ےس ڑلریہ ںیہ۔ارگہچ ارٹنن رپ ارمیکی دافیع ادارے یک وی اسن رپ وموجد اُؿ اممکل یک رہفس ںیم‪ ،‬وج امدعبانتزہع‬
‫ت‬
‫اتمئرنی اممکل ںیم شالم ںیہ یاناتسؿ اک یاؾ شالم ںیہن ےہ نکیل یاناتسؿ اک یاؾ ’’وھچےٹ انتزہع‘‘ اک اکشر اممکل یک رہفس ںیم شالم ےہ۔ہکبج‬
‫ت‬
‫وھچیاانتزہعیاناتسؿاوردنہواتسؿےکدرایمؿہلئسمریمشکوکاھکلایگےہ۔وغررکےنیکیاتہیےہہک‪ 9/11‬ےکدعبےسابیہلئسمریمشکاردوادب‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫یک داین ےس رف ی رف ی وقفمداربخل یہ ےہ۔اساک ہی ہرزگ بلطم ںیہن ہک یاناتسین اھکلری اور رعشأامدعب انتزہع یقیلخترسرگیم ےک دیماؿ ںیم یایق داین‬
‫ےکاقمےلب ںیم ریغ احرض رےہ ںیہ۔ ہکلب اس اک بلطم ہی ےہ ہک یاناتسین اھکلری اور رعشأاور یاوصخلص اردو ےک اھکلری اور رعشأامدعب انتزہع ادب یک‬
‫ت‬
‫قیلختںیمیہرصموػرےہںیہاورآجیرصموػںیہ۔انچہچنیاناتسینادباوریاوصخلصاردومظناسوحاےلےسوپریرطحقیقحتیکقحتسمےہ۔‬
‫ت‬
‫اساقمےلےکذرےعیمہدںیھکیےگہکاردومظنسکرطحامدعبجذیذ یےکائرےسلکنرکامدعبانتزہعادبیکئایوتمہجوہیئ۔ریمعیمجن‪،‬املسؿ‬
‫افرساورادرسییائرےسیجونوجاؿمظنوگرعشأتیمسویسیبںاےسیمظنوگرعشأںیہوہنجںےنادبیکاسیئنرحتیںیمئاےنااجنےنںیمہصحایلاور‬
‫امدعبانتزہعادبیکقیلختںیماانپاگلاوررفنمداقمؾدیپارکےنںیماکایمبوہےئ۔امدعبانتزہعادبںیموسحمسایکئانکسواالسےسامہفرؼہیےہ‬
‫ہکاسادبںیماعؾاناینئاؿایڑلااکوفیجیکزدنیگےکابتمدؽےکوطررپاسےنمآیئ‪،‬ن ےن ےاسملئاکاکشروہیئاورلسلسماضعئوہیئےہ۔ہیفرؼ‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫یارخیِ اناین ںیم نج ی یار اعتمرػ وہا لا ادب ںیم یھب اس ےک پ ے نج ی یار یئن یئن ‪،‬تاحیمت‪، ،‬تاہیبت‪ ،‬ااحالاحت اور ئربات اامعتسؽ وہیئ ںیہ۔امدعب‬
‫انتزہع ادب اور اردو مظن اک یقیقحت اطمہعل رک ے وہےئ مہ ہراروں درگی ومظنں وک ای رطػ یھب رھک دںی وت طقف آریم کلبپ وکسؽ ںیم شیپ آےن واےل‬
‫اانملکاسحنےکومعقرپیھکلیئگاردوومظنںاکیہوکیئدبؽںیہن۔‬
‫‪Since 1989 when Soviet Union left Afghanistan, Afghanistan became one of the‬‬
‫‪permanent parts of American Fiction, specially, films and dramas, but nobody ever saw the shift‬‬
‫‪in Afghani literature. This is because Afghan Narrative hadn‘t the sources to display itself in the‬‬
‫‪shelf of the world‘s literature. Pakistan‘s been and is directly and effectively involved in both‬‬
‫‪disastrous wars, the cold war between America and Soviet Union in Afghanistan and the war‬‬
‫‪between America and Taliban in Afghanistan. Although the list of post-conflict countries‬‬
‫‪contains the name of Pakistan under the heading of ―Minor Conflicts‖ and brings Kashmir as the‬‬
‫‪minor conflict between Pakistan and India. On the other hand, we don‘t see Kashmir Issue as the‬‬
‫‪topic of Urdu Literature anymore after 9/11. It doesn‘t mean Pakistani literature is absent from‬‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪78‬‬
‫‪the scene, rather, since 1989 Pakistani literature has been more than involved in post-conflict‬‬
‫‪creative writings. In fact, considering the after effects of the big shocks Pakistan‘s been a super‬‬
‫‪victim of the post-conflict issues because of Afghan-America war, therefore Pakistani literature‬‬
‫‪and specifically Urdu poem speaks for itself.‬‬
‫‪Through this article and presentation, we shall see that how Urdu poem turned from post-‬‬
‫‪modern trends into post-conflict inflections. Umair Najmi, Salman Faris, Idrees Babur and so‬‬
‫‪many well-known young poets clearly reveal their insights and reflections about the new style of‬‬
‫‪modern day catastrophes like murdering innocent citizens instead of soldiers during wars.‬‬
‫‪Among many, the holocaust of Army Public School created thousands of worth reading poems in‬‬
‫‪Urdu and in other Pakistani languages. We shall focus on Urdu Poems in order to limit the topic‬‬
‫‪and minimize the time. Our goal is to determine the place for Urdu poem in Post-conflict‬‬
‫‪literature.‬‬
‫‪Global, Local and Cultural Spatiality of Fiction; Cultural Criticism on‬‬

‫”‪Sheeraz Dasti’s “Saasa‬‬
‫بیه االقوامیث‪ ،‬مقامیث اورفکشه کی ثقافحی مکاویث‪ :‬دمحم شیراز دسحی کا واول "ساسا" ثقافحی جىقید کے‬
‫آئیىے میں‬
‫فشخ ًذین لیکچشاس‬

‫شعبہ اًگشیضی‪ ،‬بیي االقواهی اسالهی یوًیوسسٹی اسالم آببد‬
‫آزادی پطٌذ اًطبى دوضتی کے کالهیوں ثیبًیوں هیں عبلوگیریت اور ثمبفتی تٌوع کو) ایک خبؼ‬
‫زاویہ ًظر( ضے پسیرائی هلتی رہی ہے۔ اش ضلطلے هیں دًیب ثھر کے ادثی اور ثمبفتی هتوى ًے ًطلی‬
‫اهتیبزات اور کوسور الوام کے هعبغی‪ً ،‬فطیبتی اور خسثبتی اضتسصبل کے خالف تخلیك ہوًے والے‬
‫هبثعذ ًوآثبدیبتی هطبلعبت کو خو زرکی تواًبئی فراہن کی ہے‪ ،‬وٍ ثھی )ثبِلواضطہ یب ثالواضطہ( عبلوگیریت‬
‫کے هوضوع پرعصری هجبزث هیں وضعت کب ضجت ثٌتی ہے۔ لیکي ثیي االلواهی ضیبضت هیں ثمبفتی‬
‫تٌبوکے پیع ِ ًظر یہ کہٌب خبصب هػکل ہے کہ عبلوگیر روغي خیبل فکر )عولی طور پر( عبلوگیر‬
‫تعصت کو غکطت دیٌے هیں کبهیبة ہو گئی ہے اوراًطبى اور عوام دوضتی اش خطہء زهیي کو رًگ و‬
‫ًطل‪ ،‬طجمہ‪ ،‬صٌف‪ِ ،‬خلذ اور زثبى کی ثٌیبد پر رائح تعصت اور اهتیبزی ضلوک ضے پبک کرًے هیں‬
‫کبهیبة ہو گئی ہے۔ دًیب ثھر کےعبم اًطبى اپٌے روغي خیبل ًظریبت کے ثبوخود اپٌے ضوبج کے ضیبضی‬
‫کلچر ضے الگ ًہیں رٍ ضکتے اش لیے کہ وٍ ایک خبؼ هعبغرتی زبلت یب ضہولت هیں رہتے ہیں یب‬
‫رہٌے پر هدجور ہیں خطے ہن ثمبفتی هکبًیت کہتے ہیں۔ ادة‪ ،‬اگر اًطبًی هعبغرت اور ًفطیبت کب عکبش‬
‫ہے تویہی ادة کطی خبؼ هکبًیت کی ثمبفتی ًفطیبت کب ڈضکورش ثھی ہے۔ غیراز دضتی کبًبول" ضبضب"‬
‫عبلوگیریت اور ثیي االلواهیت کی التجبضی اغکبل کوًہ صرف واضر کرتب ہے ثلکہ اى ضیبضی ًموظ کی‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪79‬‬
‫تصویر کػی ثھی کرتب ہے خو روغي خیبلی‪ ،‬عوام دوضتی اور هسجت کی کبئٌبت کو گرہي کب غکبر‬
‫کرتے ہوئے کرداروں کی ثمبفتی هکبًیت کب تعیي کرتے ہیں۔ ثمبفتی تٌمیذ چوًکہ هتي‪،‬ضیبق اور تٌبظر کی‬
‫تثلیث ضے هتػکل ہوتی ہے اش لیے‪،‬اش همبلے هیں‪ ،‬ضبضب ًبول هیں هوخود‪ ،‬اى )تمطیوی اور تفریمی(‬
‫هسرکبت کب تٌمیذی خبئسٍ پیع کیب خبئے گب خو ایک طرف رہي ضبز ہیں تو دوضری طرف ثمبفتی هکبًبت‬
‫کے هعوبر۔‬
‫‪Impression of War on the Sentiments and Creativity of the artists‬‬
‫فٌکبس کے جزببت اوس تخلیق پش جٌگ کے اثشات‬
‫رضاریائری‪،‬رچکیلار‬
‫ہبعشاالسیمونفؿوریمعتات‪،‬نیباالوقایماالسیمویوینریٹس‪،‬االسؾآیاد‬
‫ت‬ ‫مص ن‬
‫ہاناؿاسےساتمئروہرکرماتکسےہ‪ ،‬جیسکیکحتفںیہنوہیت۔ فین‪،‬اکنفر‪،‬اوررعشاجوکیادنسپفراردےتی‬
‫وکیئیھبجیتیجںیہن ئایتکس‪ ،‬ر‬
‫ںیہویکہکنہیابتیہاکیاعےہاوردامیغابتیہیھبایسیکوہجےسوہیتےہ۔اورہیابتیہقیلختاوروخوصبریتوکاٹمرکرھکدیتیےہ۔جاؿامتؾاومرےک‬
‫الخػےہوجاقثیتفاابتعرےسوخوصبرتاورشادنارائررےتھکںیہ۔‬
‫وسیبںیدصیےکاوالئںیموتانمراہنکیل‪9191‬ءںیمنج یجمیظعیکادتبارشوعوہیئ۔ھچاسہلہیجخلتاتنجئ ‪،‬اؿتنگاومات‪،‬رٹسہیااور‬
‫دصےماکومحینب۔ہیانیقیئاؿوبھجرکنفےکالخػایاسزشیھجمسئایتکسےہ۔‬
‫ت‬
‫امتؾ رئاکنفروںاکاکؾقیلختجذہباک ااسحسےہ‪،‬اوراینبدیوطررپ قیلختاک قلعتجذیاتےسےہ۔دبیتمسقےسجاکنفرےکدامغاورلاچںیمجذیایت‬
‫ریغتئریارکیتےہ۔‬
‫ت‬
‫ریمیوجیھبگنٹنیپ‪99/1‬ےکدعبینبوہاسیکتقیقحوک وا حرکیتےہہکامتؾ رئروصریایسےسدیپادشہدصہمےکیاعےہ۔ہیامتؾ زگنٹنیاؿ‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫وحادث اور ومغں وک وا ح رکیت ںیہ سج ںیم اناونں ےک اسھت ملظ و ئرئر ی وک داھکیا ایگ ےہ۔ ارگ اہجں انان ہن وہ واہں نف اک وکیئ قلعت ںیہن ۔‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫رکیےہ۔ نکیلج ہاری لاچ اوراوطار وکدبتلی رکےک‬ ‫اکنفروں اک یقیلختاکؾجذیات اوریقیقحقیلخت وہیت ےہوج اسےک دامیغ ااسحاست یک ئرامجین ا‬
‫ت‬
‫دامیغابتیہاکیاعیھبیتنبےہوجاکنفراےنپنفےکذرےعیوا حرکیاےہ۔‬
‫ت‬
‫اناؿآسپںیمایہگجرپھٹیبرکاےنپرظنیاتاافلظ‪ ،‬روگنںاوروطخطوکوطبرایھتہرایاےھچادنازںیمایبؿرکنکسںیہ۔اسادنازوکاانپ ےوہےئمہ‬
‫ت‬
‫ج وک اوریگنجایھتہروںےک اامعتسؽوک اعمرشے ےس متخرک نکسںیہ۔اچہچن ںیمہ وگنجں یکفلمنوں اورڈراومںےس یھب اانتجبرکیاوہ ا‪ ،‬شایذ اس‬
‫رطحاکریسکیکزدنیگاچبےناکومعقفرامہوہےکس۔ںیمہدنمشوکمتخرکےنےکپ ےقیلختاکا اھادنازاانپرضوریوہ ا۔‬

IMLC 2019 80
Nobody wins a war. Every human suffers and die. There is no victory in war. Writers,
artist and poets do not like war because war causes destruction. When there is destruction, there
is no creativity and beauty. War is against everything that is cultured, everything that is beautiful
and everything that is sublime. The 20th century started well, the world was at peace but in 1914,
World War I broke out. After four years of bitter fight and countless deaths, a product of hysteria
and shock was the only result. It was deliberately anti-art and anti-sense, intended to outrage and
scandalize, and its most characteristic production was the reproduction of Mona Lisa decorated
with moustache. This sense of feel converts the creativity into the trauma. All the artist work
with the sense of sentiments and basically creativity related to sentiments. Unfortunately, war
always creates the sentimentality in artist‘s brain. The paintings done by me after 9/11 also
shows this reality. All these paintings were created in trauma which is the depiction of
oppression and brutality with the humans. If there is no human, there is no art. In creativity artist
works with sense of sentiments and true creation of his mental images but war shapes our senses
into mental disaster which is reflected in the art too. The human can sit together, discuss on the
table with ideology of words, line, colour weapon on one table in a sensible way. So, using this
way we can stop the war and weaponry in our society and moreover, by not showing the war
movies and dramas. May be this will give someone the chance to live, we must eliminate the
enmity and the best way is the use of weapon of creativity.
Trauma of Marginalized Communities and Post 9/11 Urdu Short Fiction
‫ حاشیے پر رکھے گیے لوگوں کے ذہىی صدمات اوراُردو افساوہ‬9/11 ‫مابعد‬
‫لیکشنیسحدیس‬
‫اٹنٹسسرپورسیفاُردو‬
‫وگرٹنمنتلماکجلاتلمؿ‬
‫یپاچیڈیااکسرلہبعشاُردو‬
‫اتلمؿ‬،‫اہبادلنیزرکیاویوینریٹس‬
‫ت‬
‫ ج یک اغرترگی اور ابتیہاک ااسحس ہراروں اسؽےلہپ قیلخت وہین وایللگ‬،‫ادب اورانماک قلعت تہب دقمیےہ۔ا س رےتش یک دقام‬
‫ اشمیکدااتسؿںیماسمگیاؾرمیسیوعرتیکرصتخممظنںیم ‘راامنئ‘ اہم اھبرت‘وہرمےکرزویمںاورفردویسےکشاانہےمںیمداھکیئااتکسےہ۔‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪81‬‬
‫یلھچپ دصی ںیم االقنب ےک یاؾ رپہرمسق اک دشتد روا اھت رگم آج اوسیکںی دصی ںیم دتشہ رگدوں وک اسسنئ اور انکیٹولیج ےک اسھت دشتد‪ ،‬ج اور‬
‫ت ت‬
‫دتشہ رگدی یک ہر وصرت ےک پ ے رظنیایت و االخیق وجاز یک اطق احلص ےہ۔ ای رظنیایت ریایتس ںیم اینبدرپیتس اور دتشہ رگدی وکرظنیات ےک‬
‫اکروثاباکدرہجاحلصرکاتیلےہ۔‬
‫اسےئےلتاالخیقوجازاحلصوہںوتہیلمعضحمدتشہرگدیںیہنہکلب ِ‬
‫امدعب‪1/99‬مہاحشرپےنسبوایلوقومںوکایسیتنطلساکاسانمےہوجآامسینفرامؿےساوروعیسامیپےنرپابتیہالیھپےنواےلایھتہروںےس‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫حلسمےہ۔ہیتنطلساینپرمیضےسجےکآاغزاکقحریتھکےہذمیبہاینبدرپوتسں‪،‬آرموںیفنصفرؼیکاینبدرپامازیروویںاوررغیےساجنت‬
‫ت‬
‫دالےن یک ذہم داری راضاکراہن وطر رپ اےنپرس ےل یل ےہ۔ اسرمایج وہمجری ڈروؿ اور ڈئری کرز ےک ذرےعی آپ ےک رھگ یک دزیلہ رپ تفم اچنہپیئ ئایت‬
‫ےہ۔‬
‫دشتدےکاسرظنمیاےمںیموجرکداررسرگؾلمعںیماؿےکپ ےآرٹاورادبےبینعمںیہ۔وموجدہایسیسوامسیجانترظںیماُردوااسفہن‬
‫ت‬
‫ای ن ے ایسیس ‪ ،‬ااصتقدی‪ ،‬ادیب رعشیات یک لیکشت‪ ،‬قیلخت وعشر یکڈیاکولانلئرنشیاقثیتفیادداس یک احبیلزئردوتسںاک ومفق رغمیب رظنیایت و امسیج‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫وہمجریےکالخػمراتمحاوراینپانشحرپارصاریکلکشںیموموجدےہ۔اسانترظںیمہاریاچہپؿوہاطوتقرااخشصںیہنوجہردؾرسویخںاوریٹ‬
‫ت‬
‫وی رپ وموجدںیہ۔ الص اچہپؿ اسانمگؾ زئردس آدیم ےکرہچے ےسوہیگ وج میسقت ےک دعب "ئاےگ یاک رپورگد ار ںیم" اور "یلین یار" ااغفؿ اہجد‬
‫ت‬
‫امدعب‪ 1/99‬ےک ذینہدصامت ریبوینےبلغ یک جراںیش اور اےنپ جذواخؽ رپیمج وہیئ رظنیایت طلسمرکدہیارخی ےکربج ےک رپوتں ےسرپدہ ااھٹےن اور ُاؿ‬
‫ت‬
‫وقوتںےساےنپ ُئرانمومفقاکااعدہرکیاوہان ےآزاداناؿیکلیکشتاوررپانماعمرشےیکاحبیلےکپ ےاسدرھیتںیمجیبوبراہےہ۔‬
‫‪Literature literati, and search for peace Twentieth Century, in the whole of history, has‬‬
‫‪been greatest violence ever and the 21st century has received this pervasive heritage in legacy.‬‬
‫‪All cultural, linguistic, political and sentimental violence are the off spring of the 20th century.‬‬
‫‪People who have caused all this trauma and unrest know nothing of art and literature. They are‬‬
‫‪deprived of true reason and humane behavior industry, trade, and economy all pivot around‬‬
‫‪politics and the politics of our time pivots around a new economical culture. In this atmosphere,‬‬
‫‪Art and literati become in effective and vain; they find their place only in the margins .It is‬‬
‫‪important to admit that we as society have gone disrupt and have lost our destination. We are‬‬
‫‪facing a great crisis. As a result of all this we have gone far away from our national, political,‬‬
‫‪cultural, social and moral identify, and we are thought to be rigid fundamentalists and pessimist‬‬
‫‪internationally .Literature and literati point out these underlying facts and this social crisis. In‬‬
‫‪this way cause revolution: mental, political, economical and social. In the contemporary world, it‬‬
‫‪has become paramount to find all the possible solutions of such social crisis and ever increasing‬‬
IMLC 2019 82
unrest and violence through art and literature and very serious effort is the need of the time.In
order to develop and atmosphere of peace and rest, the contemporary literati and intelligentsia
will have to think of ways of promoting creative culture and moral aspects of social and political
life.
Kashmir Freedom Movement as reflected in Syed Ali Gilani’s “Roodad-e-

Qafas”
ِ ‫دیسیلعالیگینیکرودادسفقںیم‬
‫رحتیآزادیریمشکاکسکع‬
‫ڈارٹکدعسہیاطہرہ‬
‫االسؾآیاد‬،‫اٹنٹسسرپورسیفہبعشاردونیباالوقایماالسؾویوینریٹس‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫دیس یلع الیگین وک رحتی آزادی ریمشک ےک احمذ رپ دا ِد اجشع دےنی واےل ئرزگ ئرنی رحی دنسپ اک ازعاز احلص ےہ۔ اُؿ یک وخدونس‬
‫ت‬
ِ ‫رحی اک آاغز‬
‫مایؾ یاناتسؿ ےک اسھت‬ ِ‫ونعباؿ’’ رودا ِد سفق ‘‘ رحتی آزادی ریمشک ےک ےلسلس ںیم اُیکن دیق و دنب یک ُ رئ اصمی اہکین ےہ۔اُؿ یک دااتسؿ‬
‫ت‬
‫ روحِ دنی اک انشاس ‘‘ ںیمہ‬:‫وہی ےہ۔ دیس یلع الیگین یک ای اور اتکب ونعباؿ ’’اابقؽ‬ ‫رحتی آزادئ ریمشک ےس ا‬ِ ‫رشوع وہےن وایل‬
‫ئراطونی دنہ یک وسیبںی دصی یک رسیتی داہیئ ںیم ےل ئایت ےہ۔ ح ڈورگا ملظ و متس ےک الخػ رحتی آزادئ ریمشک اک آاغز وہا‬
‫اھت۔آج یھب وہ دنہواتسؿ ےک ربجو ادادادےک الخػ آزادئ ریمشک یک رحتی یک مایدت فرام رےہںیہ۔ ںیم ےن اےنپ اس اقمےل ںیم اُؿ یک اس لاا‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ‘‘‫ایحتوکرحتیآزادئریمشکےکآجیےکاذییاکاور ُ رئرطخرفسیکروینشںیمداھکیاورشیپایکےہ۔دیسیلعالیگینیکہی’’رودا ِدسفق‬
‫رحتی‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ‫وتمائ‬
‫رحمکرکفولمعےہ۔‬ ‫آزادئریمشکےکآجیےکرفسںیمریمشکیوعاؾےکپ ےایلسلسماور ر‬
Syed Ali Gilani has the distinction of the oldest freedom fighter on the Kashmir front. His
autobiography is a reflection of the long and torturous story of his imprisonment titled as
―Roodad-e-Qafas‖. He is associated with the movement since the creation of Pakistan when the
contemporary phase of the movement started. If we take into consideration his book entitled
‗Iqbal: Rooh-e-Din ka Shanasa‘ his discourse takes us back to the very start of the Kashmir
freedom movement in the 1930s of British India. Even today he is leading the movement in the
face of the Indian brutalities. I have focused my attention in this paper on his autobiography with
a reference to the ongoing struggle for freedom in Indian held Kashmir under his brave and
untiring leadership. His book is a constant source of inspiration to the people of Kashmir.
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪83‬‬
‫‪Impact of 9/11 on the Early Twenty First Century Urdu Novel‬‬
‫اکیسویں صدی کی ابحدا میں لکھے جاوے والے اردو واولوں پروائه الیون کے اثرات‬
‫ڈارٹکدمحمارشػامکؽ‬
‫دصرہبعشاردو‬
‫وگرٹنمنوپسرگوجییاکجلرکھب‬
‫ت‬
‫وزگنٹیرپورسیففرہبطویوینریٹس۔ڈیآیئاخؿ‬
‫اوسیکںی دصی ےکآاغز ںیم یانئ اویلؿ ےک اسحن ےن داین ےک انم وک ئریاد رکےک رھک دیا۔اس اسحن ےک دعب داین ںیم یئ دبتایلیں روامن‬
‫جیلین‬
‫وہںیئ۔یانئاویلؿاکاسہحندایناوراخصوطررپملسمداینےکپ ےن ے جزرےلرکاسےنمآیا۔املسمونںوکارمہکیاوررغمیبداینںیمدتشہرگداھجم‬
‫ئاےن اگل۔اناین اسموات اور اناین وقحؼ ےک فروغ یک یاںیت اور وہمجری روےی زمکور ڑپےن ےگل۔اؿ وہانلک وااعقت اور ریغ ہذرداہن روویں ےن‬
‫اناونںےکااصعباورایسفنتوکئریرطحاتمئرایک۔‬
‫ت‬
‫درشیپ وصراحتؽ وک د رظن رےتھک وہےئ یاناتسؿ وک ارمہکی یک دتشہ رگدی ےک الخػ ج ںیم ااحتدی اننب ڑپا۔سج ےک ےجیتن ںیم ااغفناؿ ےک اسھت‬
‫اسھت یاناتسؿ ںیم یھب مب دامھےک اوردتشہ رگدی ومعمؽ یک یات نب یئگ۔یاناتسین وعاؾ وک اس وحاےل ےس اھبری تمیق ادا رکین ڑپی۔امیل یھب اور ئاین‬
‫یھب۔۔۔اطک نؿ‪،‬ااقلدعہاورداشعےنہاراانمابتہرکےکرھکدیا۔‬
‫ت‬
‫یانئ اویلؿ ےک اسحن ےس دیپا وہےن وایل وصراحتؽ ےن ہن رصػ اعیمل ادب وک اتمئر ایک ہکلب اردو ادب رپ یھب اس ےک رہگے ائرات رمی وہےئ۔‬
‫ت‬
‫دورسی اانصػ یک رطح اس اانملک وصراحتؽ وک اردو یاوؽ ںیم یھب ومئر ادناز ںیم وموضع انبیا ایگ۔رصنتسم نیسح یارڑ ‪ ،‬ارکاؾ ئرولیی‪ ،‬دمحم اایلس‪،‬میعن‬
‫گیب‪،‬رسفرازگیب‪،‬قفش‪،‬ڈارٹکایخؽآافیق‪،‬رپورسیفع رفنیلع‪،‬املسؿادباوادماوردرگیاردویاوؽراگروںےناےنپیاوولںںیمدتشہرگدی‪،‬وخںرئری‬
‫اوراانملکوصراحتؽیکاکعیسیک۔‬
‫‪The 9/11 incident disturbed the global peace. The exposure of fundamental rights and the‬‬
‫‪democratic institutions are attitude. The affecters became psychologically invalid. Pakistan was‬‬
‫‪forced to b the ally of America against the war on terror. The terroristic activities started as‬‬
‫‪routine matter in Pakistan on the part of Afghanistan. Pakistan had to pay a heavy price of their‬‬
‫‪lives and properties. Talban and Al-Qaida destroyed our peace.‬‬
‫‪This situation not only reflected in the global literature but also influenced effectively our‬‬
‫‪Urdu literature. Like other genre of literature the Urdu novel also imbibed its decaying‬‬
‫‪tendencies. Mustansar Hussain tarad,Ikram Brelvi, Muhammad Ilyas, Naeem Baig, Sarfraz Baig,‬‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪84‬‬
‫‪Shafaq, Khayal Aafaqi, Ghazanfar Ali, Salman Abdussamad depicted the scenario of war and‬‬
‫‪terror in their novels.‬‬
‫‪Humanitarianism, Refugees and Trauma‬‬
‫اًسبى دوستی‪،‬پٌبٍ گضیٌی اوسرہٌی صذهبت‬
‫ڈارٹکاتخمرادمحزعیم‬
‫ڈنییٹلکیفآػوگنیلزجی‬
‫اہنمجویوینریٹس‪،‬الوہر‬
‫وبحمبجذﷺ یکاغ ِروثرںیمانپہ‪،‬‬

‫وہ‪،‬ااحصبفہکیکاغرینیشنوہیا ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫رجہتاایتخریوہیاارطضاری‪،‬ہیازؽےساناؿاکدقمرےہ۔آدؾؑاکدلخےس یکلیاا‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫رکیےہ۔ ’’ زامےنیکمسق‪،‬اناؿاسخرےںیم‬
‫ہیہشیمہےسئاری‪،‬ایالمایہلمعےہ۔اسےلسلسںیماخقلِاک تاتاکایاباوصؽہاریریئامیئ ا‬
‫ےہ۔‬
‫لااےئ اُؿ ولوگں ےک وج اامیؿ الےئ اور کین اامعؽ رک ے رےہ‪،‬اورای دورسے وک قح یک تحیصن اور ربص‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫ئوہیئگےہ۔وسیبںیدصیںیمدوئریوگنجں‪،‬وسیبؤں‬ ‫التشانپہیکراتفراوردقمارزیت ر‬
‫رکونطاور ِ‬ ‫یکنیقلترک ےرےہ۔‘‘ (‪ )۹‬دہعِاحرضںیمئ ِ‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫رک ونط رپ وبجمر وہےئ ںیہ۔اس وق ااغفناؿ‪،‬ریمشک‪،‬‬‫وھچیٹ وگنجں اور اوسیکںی دصی ںیم ‪۱‬؍‪ ۹۹‬ےک ردلمع یک ابتیہ ےک دعب رکوڑوں ولگ ئ ِ‬
‫گمن ت‬
‫نیطسلف‪،‬رعاؼاورشاؾےکاہمجرنیاچیبریگیکزدنیگزگارےنرپوبجمرںیہ۔ےلئسمیک ھیر ارییکوہجےسابہراسؽ‪۰۲،‬وجؿوک‪،‬انپہزگونیںاکاعیملدؿ‬
‫انمیائاےناگلےہ۔ایادنازےےکاطمقبآجلک’’ ‪۴‬رکوڑ‪۷۳‬الھکولگاہمجرنییکزدنیگزگاررےہںیہ اور‪۰‬رکوڑ‪۳۷‬الھکاےنپیہوکلمںںیم‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫ےبوکسیںیہ‘‘ (‪ )۰‬اساعملَےباچریگیکامہاورئریووجاہتدرجذلیںیہ۔‪۹‬۔ج‪۰‬۔بصعت‪۷‬دیشکیگ‪۴‬۔امازیولسک‪۷‬دقریتآافت‪۶‬۔‬
‫نیکی‬
‫رتہبوماعقیکالتش۔‪۳‬۔جذیذانکیٹولیج‪،۹‬ویمک شناجیوریغہ۔اسےلسلسوکروےنکیامکرکےنےکےئلوعیسانایناینبدوںرپاکؾرکےنیکرضورت‬
‫وخػجذاآئاےئاور’’اقلخلایعؽاہلل‘‘اکوصترڑجڑکپےلوتہنرصػ‬ ‫ےہ۔اسوحاےلےسدرجذلیادقاامترضوریںیہ۔‪۹‬۔ارگیسکرطحدولںںیم ِ‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫انپہزگینیےسدیپاوہےنواےلذینہدصامتمکوہنکسںیہہکلبوقتئرداسیھبئرےھیگاوررواداریوکفروغےلم ا۔اسےلسلسںیماخقلاک تاتاک‬
‫ت‬
‫رکیےہ۔ ‪۰‬۔امتؾامسویادیاؿاورزیموفسلفںںیم’اناؿدویتس‘ ایدقررتشمکیکتیثیحریتھکےہ‪،‬اسوبضمط‬ ‫ازیلوادبیاوصؽہاریریئامیئ ا‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬
‫دنبنھوکوبضمطئرنیانبےنیکرضورتےہ۔مہسےکوہلاکرن‪،‬اگنماورئرنایےہ۔اسوحاےلےسادب‪،‬آرٹاورڈیمیاامہرکدارادارک‬
‫ت‬
‫االخص لمع تہب رضوری ےہ۔مہ ای دورسے ےک ےئل اور رکوڑوں ااتفد اؿِ اخک (‪ )۷‬ےک‬ ‫االخص ن اور ِ‬
‫اتکس ےہ‪ ۷‬۔یسک یھباکایمیب ےک ےئل ِ‬
‫ت‬
‫ےئل مک از مک کین اعںیئ وت امن نکس ںیہ۔‪۴‬۔ذینہ دصامت ےک افش اخےن ( ‪) Trauma center‬اقمئ رک ےک اتمئرنی وک وفری رفیلی دیا ئا اتکس‬
‫ت‬
‫ےہ۔ا ِؿوموضاعتوکیمیلعتاصنیاتاکہصحیھبانبیائایااچےیہ۔‪۷‬۔داینیکدولدنچاہوھتںںیمرمزکتوہیتئاریہےہ۔اساکوتازؿرضوریےہورہن‬
IMLC 2019 85
‫۔وفیج ذتینہ اک اخہمت رضوری ےہ۔ ج ےس اسملئ یھبک لح ںیہن وہ ے ہکلب اور زیادہ وہ ے‬۶ ‫االقنیات وک اور ئری ابتیہ وک رواک ںیہن ئا ےکس ا۔‬
‫ںیہ۔لمع اور ردلمع اک ای وحنمس رکچ ئاری راتہےہ۔ یبن ارکؾ ﷺیک حتف ہکم ےک ومعق رپ اعؾ اعمیف اور دور احرض ںیم افریقی دئر نسلین ڈنمالی یک‬
‫رطػےساےنپدونمشںےکےئلاعؾاعمیفےکفراجذالہناالعؿںیمدوراحرضےکاسملئاورذینہدصامتاکلحوموجدےہ۔‬
Migration and Refuge, whether compulsory or optional, is always the fate of mankind.
Adam‘s expulsion from heaven, troglodyte of companions of Kah‘af or encampment of beloved
Prophet (PBUH)) of GOD in the cave of Sor, it is an infinite and ongoing process. In this regard,
everlasting rule of God helps us, as quoted under:
“By the time Indeed, man is in loss. Except those who believed and did righteous deeds, and
advised each other to the truth and advised each other to patience”. (1)
The process of migration and refuge was accelerated in 20th century due to two world wars and
dozens of mini wars. Millions of people from Afghanistan, Iraq & Syria has been displaced after
9/11. They are living in miserable conditions. Due to the seriousness of this issue, every year 20th
June is celebrated as ―Refugee‘s Day‖. According to an estimate, these days ―40.37 million
people are spending their lives as refugees. While 20.75 million are homeless in their own
countries‖ (2).
Main reasons of these conditions of helplessness are as follows:
1. War
2. Biasness
3. Strain
4. Racism
5. Natural disasters
6. Search for better opportunities
7. Technological advancement
Work is required on wider human bases to stop or minimize this ongoing process. In this regard,
following steps are necessary:
1. If anyone happens to have fear of Allah in his heart or the concept of equality of mankind
then this process may be bearable. It will reduce mental trauma & increase tolerance.
2. Philanthropy is common in all religions & philosophies. There is need to make this
connection even stronger. We all have same gust & color of blood. In this regard, literature,
art & media can play vital role.
3. Sincere efforts should be done. We can, at least pray for ―The Wretched of Earth‖ (3)
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪86‬‬
‫‪4. Victims can be given instant relief by establishing trauma centers. These topics should also‬‬
‫‪be part of curriculum.‬‬
‫‪5. The difference between haves and have-nots should be shortened.‬‬
‫‪6. End of military mentality is compulsory. Wars never resolve any problems but they increase‬‬
‫‪them. Vicious circle of action & reaction goes on. Forgiveness of Holly Prophet (PBUH) at‬‬
‫‪the time of conquest of Makkah & last sermon (4) is the role model of peace. In the modern‬‬
‫‪era Nelson Mandela (5) has set a unique example of forgiveness. No doubt forgiver forgives‬‬
‫‪himself.‬‬
‫‪Educational Values and Culture of Peace in Quran (Prospects and‬‬

‫)‪Challenges‬‬
‫القیم الحربویة وثقافة السالم في القران الكریم (آفاق وجحدیات)‬
‫‪Dr. Etidal M. Tom‬‬
‫‪Associate Professor‬‬
‫‪African International University, Khartoum, Sudan‬‬
‫هتدؼ الدراسة اىل تسليط الضوء على القيم الًتبوية للسبلـ وتوضيح ثقافتها والتحدايت اليت تواجها من حروب‬
‫وغَتىا‪ .‬فاضترب اليوـ الثبات أمامها ليس عسكري سبلحي ألهنا شاملو (اقتصاديو ‪ -‬تعليمية ‪ -‬سياسية)‪ ،‬لذا ال بد من تشكيل‬
‫األمة السبلمية يف قوالب جديدة وفقا للمتغَتات لذلك اختذت الدراسة من القرآف الكرًن منوذجا وخاصة يف تطبيق قواعد ثقافة‬
‫السبلـ فهي من اظتبادئ اليت يسعى االسبلـ لتحقيقها وجعلها رسالة سرمدية الستقرار األمن يف العامل‪.‬‬
‫وتبدأ الدراسة ػتورىا إبطار نظري حوؿ مفاىيم القيم الًتبوية للسبلـ وخصائصها وأىدافها واشكالياهتا‪ .‬ومن مث يتطرؽ‬
‫احملور الثاين اىل ثقافة السبلـ يف القراف الكرًن ويتناوؿ احملور الثالث مناذج وحتدايت للسبلـ العاظتي وذلك لتوضيح األخطاء اليت‬
‫ترتكبها الدوؿ أو األشخاص يف حق غَتىا من العهود واظتواثيق اليت ختل إبحبلؿ األمن والسبلـ وتنتهي الورقة خبادتة تضمنت‬
‫النتائج والتوصيات اليت ميكن أف تفيد اصتهات اظتهتمة بقضااي السبلـ وحتقيقو يف العامل وكذلك الباحثوف يف ذات اجملاؿ‪.‬‬
‫مشكلة الدراسة‪ :‬تتمثل يف السؤاؿ الرئيس التايل‪:‬‬
‫ما القيم الًتبوية لثقافة السبلـ يف القراف الكرًن؟ وما حتدايهتا؟‬
‫أمهية الدراسة‪ :‬تفيد الشرائح االجتماعية االتية‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اصتهات اظتهتمة بقضااي السبلـ وحتقيقو يف العامل‬
‫‪ .2‬الباحثوف يف غتاؿ الدراسات للحرب والسبلـ‬
‫أىداؼ الدراسة‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬التعرؼ على ثقافة القيم الًتبوية يف القراف الكرًن‬
‫‪ .2‬معرفة مدى تطبيقها للسبلـ واظتصاضتة‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪87‬‬
‫‪ .3‬الكشف عن التحدايت اليت تواجو نشر ثقافة السبلـ عاظتيا"‬

‫‪ .4‬التعرؼ على مناذج من القيم والتحدايت لثقافة السبلـ من عهود ومواثيق وغَتىا من القراف الكرًن‪.‬‬
‫منهج الدراسة‪ :‬حتليلي استنباطي‪.‬‬
‫?‪Did Literature Picture the Scale of Syrian Tragedy‬‬
‫صور األدب حجم اظتأساة السورية‬

‫ىل ّ‬
‫‪Dr. Ghassan Saleh Abdul Majeed‬‬
‫‪Lecturer Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Halab, Syria‬‬
‫تعرضت ببلد الشاـ‪ ،‬وسورية خاصة إىل سلسػة مػن األحػداث عػرب اترههػا الطويػل‪ ،‬ولعػل مػن أبشػع الظػروؼ وأقسػاىا‬
‫ىي ماتعرضت لو خبلؿ الثماين سنُت اليت مضت‪ .‬وأظن أنو من اظتبكر أف يبدأ النقد األديب دراسة ما أبدعػو الروائيػوف والشػعراء‬
‫واظتسرحيوف السوريوف خبلؿ ىذه السنوات اليت مضت ألف التجربة ما تػزاؿ يف طػور التشػكل‪ ،‬لكػن إقبػاؿ الكتػاب علػى النهػل‬
‫الغزير من يوميات اضترب الضروس والوحشػية ومػن فػيض مآسػيها اظتلحميػة يسػتدعي أف يهػتم النقػد األديب مبػا ز إؾتػازه لزجػو يف‬
‫ػل مػا أنتجػو األدابء والكتّػاب ال يرقػى‬
‫أتوف العمل الثوري اإلبداعي بوصفو انتاجاً منو وإليو‪ .‬إال أف بعػض الدارسػُت يقػوؿ إف ج ً‬
‫إىل حجم تلك اظتأساة اليت أظتّت بسورية وأىلها‪ ،‬وأف مستوى اإلنتاج األديب السوري بعد مرور ذتاف سنوات علػى اضتػرب مػا زاؿ‬
‫متواضعاً‪ ،‬وحيتاج إىل اظتزيد من التوثيق واصتدية يف الطرح مػن قبػل الكتػاب‪ ،‬لبلنتقػاؿ مػن مرحلػة اظتخػاض الػيت ميػر اهػا حاليػا إىل‬
‫شك أف ذتة مسؤولية ملقاة على عاتق الكاتب السوري‪ ،‬وعليو أف يعترب الكتابة حراب من‬
‫تعرب أكثر عن الواقع اظتعاش‪ .‬وال ّ‬
‫مرحلة ّ‬
‫نوع آخر‪ ،‬على غرار تلك اليت جتري يف اظتيداف‪ ،‬فتوقف الكاتب أو انشغالو عن الكتابػة عمػا يػري يف بػبلده‪ ،‬أو حػىت التقػاعس‬
‫عػػن ذلػػك يعػػٍت اعتزميػػة" مػػع وجػػود مشػػاكل كثػػَتة تواجػػو الكاتػػب منهػػا مػػا يتعلػػق ابصتػػو العػػاـ السػػائج‪ ،‬ومنهػػا مػػا يتعلػػق بتحػػزب‬
‫الكاتب‪ ،‬أو ميولو إىل تيار معُت يؤثر على األدب سلبا‪ ،‬وقد يدفع الكاتػب إىل توثيػق أحػداث اضتػرب حسػب ميولػو السياسػية‪،‬‬
‫وىو ما يعد تزويرا لؤلحداث‪ .‬ولكن يبقى السؤاؿ‪ :‬ىل ارتقى األدب إىل حجم ىذه اظتأساة؟‪ .‬ىذا ما سأانقشو يف ورقػات ثثػي‪،‬‬
‫سائبلً هللا تعاىل التوفيق والقبوؿ‪.‬‬
‫‪Syria has been subjected to a series of events throughout its long history. Perhaps one of‬‬
‫‪the worst and worst conditions has been experienced during the past eight years. I think it is too‬‬
‫‪early for literary criticism to begin to study what Syrian novelists, poets and playwrights have‬‬
‫‪done during these years, because the experience is still in the making. But the book's turn on the‬‬
‫‪heavy news of the brutal and barbaric war diary and the flood of its epic tragedies requires that‬‬
‫‪literary criticism take care of what has been done Achievement of his viscosity in the creative‬‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪88‬‬
‫‪work of creative revolution as a production from and to him. However, some scholars say that‬‬
‫‪most of the literature produced by writers and writers does not amount to the magnitude of the‬‬
‫‪tragedy that affected Syria and its people. The level of Syrian literary production after eight years‬‬
‫‪of war is still modest. From the stage of labor that is currently going through; to a stage that‬‬
‫‪expresses more than the reality of the pension. But the question remains: did literature rise to the‬‬
‫‪magnitude of this tragedy? This is what I will discuss in my paper.‬‬
‫‪Recruit of the Literary Novel in the Recording of Tribulations and its Effects‬‬
‫)‪on its Contemporaries (the novel of Lahn Al-Asi as a model‬‬
‫منوذجا)‬
‫توظيف الرواية األدبية يف تسجيل احملن وآاثرىا على معاصريها (رواية ضتن العاصي ً‬
‫‪Dr. Khansa Mohammed Adeeb Al-Jaji‬‬
‫‪Arabic Department, University of Peshawar‬‬
‫يزخر التاريخ بقصص عن أحواؿ ببلدان يف أزماف قدمية‪ ،‬بعضها مشرؽ يلب السرور وبعضها مؤمل يلب اضتزف‬
‫واألسى‪ ،‬وكلما ازدادت معرفتنا وارتقت ثقافتنا وتقدمت ببلدان ازداد اىتمامنا أبف نسطر يف كتب التاريخ قصة حياتنا‪ ،‬ولكن‬
‫خبلؿ السنوات األخَتة يبدو أف كل ما نسطره ىو حروب وقتاؿ وتشريد وأمل‪ ،‬واألدب ال يكوف أدابً حقيقياً إف مل يكن شديد‬
‫االلتصاؽ اهذا كلو‪ ،‬والرواية أصبحت تتبوأ مقعد "ديواف العرب" اضتديث‪ ،‬حُت كنا نصف الشعر أبنو ديواف العرب قدميًا‪ ،‬وقد‬
‫تسجيبل ألحداث اليوـ‪ ،‬ولن تكوف‬
‫ً‬ ‫اخًتت لبحثي ىذا أف أق ّدـ الرواية األدبية اليت أخذت على عاتقها أف تقدـ للقارئ وللتاريخ‬
‫مبعزؿ عن أحداث األمس القريب‪ ،‬والرواية للكاتبة اظتصرية‪ :‬سامية أزتد‪ ،‬وروايتها بعنواف‪" :‬ضتن العاصي" وىذه الرواية نشرهتا‬
‫الكاتبة على صفحتها الشخصية على الفيسبوؾ ومل تنشر ورقيًّا بعد‪ ،‬تناولت الكاتبة يف روايتها قصة فتاة سورية تعيش يف‬
‫ؼتيمات البلجئُت السوريُت مث هتاجر إىل أورواب عن طريق البحر‪ ،‬لتتشابك حياهتا ثياة شاب كاف يظن أنو فلسطيٍت ليتبُت الحقاً‬
‫بعد أف جتاوز الثبلثُت من عمره أنو سوري ؾتا من مذثة مدينة زتاة اليت حدثت يف الثمانينات من القرف العشرين‪ .‬قدمت الكاتبة‬
‫لنا آاثر اضترب واالقتتاؿ يف سوراي على الشباب واألطفاؿ ومعاانهتم النفسية اليت حتفر يف قلواهم عمي ًقا‪ .‬وىذا البحث سيتناوؿ‬
‫مدى ؾتاح الكاتبة يف أف تكوف مدونة عتذه األحداث بسعة اطبلعها على األحداث وقدرهتا على التوغل يف النفس البشرية‬
‫بقدراهتا اظتختلفة‪.‬‬
‫سأتبع يف ىذا ال بحث اظتنهج الوصفي التحليلي‪ ،‬وكما يتناوؿ البحث عدة ػتاور وىي تشمل اإلجابة على األسئلة‬
‫التالية‪:‬‬
‫ىل يشارؾ األدب يف األحداث اظتأساوية اليت دتر اها ببلدان أـ يعيش يف عامل منفصل عن الواقع؟‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪89‬‬
‫وفكراي؟‬
‫ًّ‬ ‫إىل أي مدى يستطيع األديب أف ينقل لنا معاانة اظتتأثرين ابضتروب عاطفيًا واجتماعيًّا‬
‫ىل الظلم واألذى الذي يلقاه اإلنساف يف بلده سيجعلو ينقلب ضدىا؟ أـ يبقى الوطن يسكن يف قلبو وعقلو وروحو؟‪.‬‬
‫اضترب تدمر الببلد وتدمر العباد‪ ...‬لكن هتلف أتثَتىا ابختبلؼ طبيعة اإلنساف الفكرية والنفسية والعاطفية‪ ،‬فكم‬
‫حيتاج الكاتب من براعة ليصور ىذا كلو ويقدمو يف عملو األديب؟‬
‫‪This research will discuss the extent of the writer's success in being a blogger of these‬‬
‫‪events with a great knowledge of the events and their ability to penetrate the human psyche with‬‬
‫‪its various capacities. I will follow in this research descriptive analytical method, and the‬‬
‫‪research addresses several axes and includes the answer to the following questions: Is literature‬‬
‫‪involved in the tragic events experienced by our country or lives in a world separate from‬‬
‫‪reality? To what extent can the writer convey to us the suffering of those affected by the wars‬‬
‫‪emotionally, socially and intellectually? Will the injustice and harm suffered by man in his‬‬
‫‪country make him turn against it? Or will the homeland remain in his heart, mind and spirit ?.‬‬
‫‪The war destroys the country and destroys the people ... But their impact varies according to the‬‬
‫‪human nature of intellectual, psychological and emotional, how much writer needs to craft all‬‬
‫‪this picture and present in his literary work ?.‬‬
‫‪Contemporary Arabic Literature and the Plight of Refugees‬‬

‫األدب العريب اظتعاصر وػتنة البلجئُت‬
‫‪Dr. Abdul Mujib Bassam‬‬
‫‪Assistant Professor‬‬
‫‪International Islamic University, Islamabad‬‬
‫ؽتا ال هتلف عليو اثناف أف للحرب ويبلهتا‪ ،‬وعتا مآسيها اليت ال تعرؼ اضتدود‪ ،‬وال دتيز بُت األحفاد واصتدود‪ ،‬فنارىا‬
‫وشرد‪ ،‬وابلتايل يُقتل‬
‫ودمر‪ّ ،‬‬
‫أتكل اليابس واألخضر‪ ،‬وتلتهم األكرب واألصغر‪ ،‬وليس عتا إال لغة واحدة تقوؿ مبلئ فيها‪ :‬اقتل‪ّ ،‬‬
‫ويشرد العزؿ من اآلابء واألوالد‪ ،‬والنساء والرجاؿ واألطفاؿ‪ ،‬وىكذا تبدأ أوىل مشاىد قصة ػتنة‬
‫وه ّرب الببلد‪ّ ،‬‬
‫العباد‪ُ ،‬‬
‫البلجئُت الذين يهاجروف ببلدىم اليت كتبت عليها اضترب والدمار واطتراب‪ ،‬مشردين يف الببلد القريبة والبعيدة‪ ،‬ابحثُت عن‬
‫مأوى أيويهم‪ ،‬وملجأ يلجؤوف إليو‪ ،‬علهم يدوف فيو بعض حقوقهم اإلنسانية من الراحة واألماف‪ ،‬واللقمة واضتناف‪.‬‬
‫وؽتن كتبت عليهم ىذه احملنة البشرية يف العصر الراىن عدد كبَت من إخواننا العرب اظتنتمُت إىل عدد من الببلد العربية‬
‫اليت فرض جتار اضتروب عليها اظتعارؾ الدامية‪ ،‬واظتآسي النامية‪ :‬حيث شردوا‪ ،‬وأخرجوا من دايرىم‪ ،‬فاضطروا إىل اعتجرة خارج‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪90‬‬
‫بلدىم عرب الرب والبحر‪ ،‬ابحثُت عن اللجوء اآلمن يف عدد من الببلد الشرقية والغربية اظتتاستة ضتدود ببلدىم أو القاصية عنها‪.‬‬
‫ولقد تصدى لتسجيل ىذه احملنة البشرية عدد كبَت من الوسائل اإلعبلمية واألقبلـ البشرية ابللغات العديدة‪ ،‬وكاف لؤلدب‬
‫العريب يف ذلك نصيب األسد‪ ،‬فقد تسابق إىل ىذا اظتيداف حياوؿ أف يسجل مشاىده اظتتنوعة‪ ،‬وأحداثو اظتتعددة‪ ،‬وحيلل أسباب‬
‫احملنة القاسية‪ ،‬واظتأساة العاتية اليت يعاين منها البلجئوف اظتشردوف‪ ،‬كما أنو مل ينس أف يصور ىذه احملنة البشرية بعدسة األديب‬
‫الشعرية والنثرية‪ ،‬ويربز ما فيها من اآلالـ الراىنة‪ ،‬واآلماؿ اظتستقبلية اظتنتظرة‪ ،‬وىو اهذا حيلل ىذه القضية اظتأساوية بعُت‬
‫األديب‪ ،‬ػتاوال أف يقدـ عتا غتموعة من اضتلوؿ اظتمكنة يف نظر األديب والشاعر‪.‬‬
‫وحياوؿ ىذا اظتقاؿ أف يقدـ نبذة عن اصتهود األدبية العربية اليت بذلت يف سبيل تسجيل ىذه احملنة البشرية‪ ،‬وحتليلها‬
‫حتليبل إنسانيا بشراي بعيدا عن اللوف واصتنس واظتنطقة‪.‬‬
‫وسيقع –بعوف هللا تعاىل‪ -‬يف دتهيد يتناوؿ دور األدب العريب وأمهيتو جتاه ىذه احملنة‪ ،‬ومبحثُت‪ :‬يتناوؿ أحدمها دور‬
‫الشعر العريب يف تسجيل ىذه احملنة وتصويرىا وحتليلها‪ ،‬ويتناوؿ اآلخر دور النثر العريب عموما ودور القصة والرواية اظتعاصرتُت‬
‫خصوصا يف تسجيل ىذه احملنة‪ ،‬وتصويرىا وحتليلها‪ .‬وخادتة ختصص لعدد من النتائج اظتوصل إليها من خبلؿ ىذه الدراسة‪،‬‬
‫إضافة إىل عدد من التوصيات واالقًتاحات اهذا الصدد‪.‬‬
‫‪The Arabic literature has the lion's share. It has raced to this field, trying to record its‬‬
‫‪diverse scenes and events. It analyzes the causes of the ordeal and the great tragedy of displaced‬‬
‫‪refugees. , And he did not forget to portray this human ordeal with the lens of literary and poetic‬‬
‫‪writer, highlighting the current pain and the hopes of the future expected, and this analyzes this‬‬
‫‪tragic issue with the eye of the writer, trying to provide a range of possible solutions in the eyes‬‬
‫‪of the writer and poet. This article attempts to provide an overview of the Arab literary efforts‬‬
‫‪that have been made to record this human ordeal, and analyze it humanely, humanly, away from‬‬
‫‪color, sex and the region.‬‬
‫‪Poetry of Resistance in Pakistan‬‬

‫شعر اظتقاومة يف ابكستاف‬
‫‪Dr. Hamid Ashraf Hamdani,‬‬
‫‪Arabic Department‬‬
‫‪Punjab University, Lahore‬‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪91‬‬
‫أدب اظتقاومة ىو األدب اظتعرب عن الذات الواعية اهويتها واظتتطلعة إىل اضترية يف مواجهة اآلخر العدواين‪ ،‬على أف‬
‫يضع الكاتب نصب عينيو رتاعتو و أمتو‪ ،‬و ػتافظاً على كل ما حتفظو من قيم عليا‪ ،‬وليس متطلعاً إىل اضترية مبعٌت اطتبلص‬
‫الفردي‪.‬‬
‫بدأ شعر اظتقاومة يف شبو القارة يف عصر كانت دولة اظتسلمُت تنهار‪ ،‬وبساطهم يطوى على أيدي اإلؾتليز احملتلُت‪.‬ومن‬
‫شعراء شبو القارة الذين بدت يف أشعارىم روح اظتعارضة ضد النفوذ األجنيب الشاه ويل هللا الدىلوي وعبدالعزيز الدىلوي وفضل اضتق‬
‫اطتَت آابدي وإعزاز علي الديوبندي‪ ،‬ونذير أزتد الدىلوي‪ ،‬وعبدهللا الكوكٍت ‪ ،‬وزتيدالدين الفراىي‪ .‬وشعر اظتقاومة يف ابكستاف بعد‬
‫استقبلعتا عن اعتند امتداد ظتانظمو شعراء شبو القارة يف ىذا اجملاؿ‪ .‬ومن الشعراء الباكستانيُت الذين طرقوا ىذا الباب يف شعرىم العريب‬
‫أصغر علي الروحي وظفر أزتد العثماين ودمحم انظم الندوي وبَت دمحم حسن والدكتور خورشيد حسن الرضوي واظتفيت سعيد أزتد‬
‫حسن‪.‬‬
‫وقضية فلسطُت وأفغانستاف وكشمَت والعراؽ والشيشاف من أىم القضااي اليت تناوعتا شعر اظتقاومة يف ابكستاف‪.‬وتناوؿ‬
‫شعراء ابكستاف القضااي اظتذكورة من الوجهة اإلسبلمية ابعتبارىا قضااي إسبلمية خالصاً ويتحمل مسؤوليتها اظتسلموف رتيعاً و‬
‫أكدوا على أف العبلج الوحيد لضعف اظتسلمُت العودة إىل اإلسبلـ و العمل أبحكامو ورفع رأية اصتهاد على أسس شرعية متينة‪.‬‬
‫فأردت اإلسهاـ يف اظتؤدترالدويل األوؿ اظتتعدد اللغات ‪2012‬ـ ‪:‬أدب ما بعد الصراع واحملن والسبلـ العاظتي ببحث عنوانو ’’‬
‫شعر اظتقاومة يف ابكستاف ‘‘‪.‬‬
‫وسيتناوؿ ىذا البحث اظتوجز ػ إف شاء هللا ػ ما يلي‪:‬‬
‫اظتبحث األوؿ‪ :‬تعريف موجز أبدب اظتقاومة‬
‫اظتبحث الثاين‪:‬نشأة شعر اظتقاومة يف شبو القارة اعتندية الباكستانية‬
‫اظتبحث الثالث‪ :‬أعبلـ شعراء اظتقاومة يف ابكستاف ومناذج من شعرىم‬
‫‪The poetry of resistance in the subcontinent began in an era when the Muslim state was‬‬
‫‪collapsing in the hands of the occupying British. The poets of the sub-continent, who appeared in‬‬
‫‪their poems the spirit of opposition against foreign occupation, Hazradh Shah Wali Ullah‬‬
‫‪Dahlawi, Abdul Aziz al-Dahlawi, Fadhl al-Haq al-Khairabadi, 'Ezzaz Ali al-Deobandi, ,‬‬
‫‪Abdullah Al-Kawkani, and Hamid Al-Din Al-Furahi. The poetry of resistance in Pakistan after‬‬
‫‪its independence from India is an extension of what was organized by the poets of the‬‬
‫‪subcontinent in this area. Among the Pakistani poets who have addressed this section in their‬‬
‫‪Arabic poetry are Asghar Ali al-Ruhi, Zafar Ahmad al-Othmani, Mohammad Nazim al-Nadawi,‬‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪92‬‬
‫‪Bir Muhammad Hassan, Dr. Khurshid Hassan al-Radawi and Mufti Saeed Ahmad Hassan. The‬‬
‫‪issue of Palestine, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Iraq and Chechnya is one of the most important issues‬‬
‫‪dealt with by the resistance in Pakistan. The poets of Pakistan dealt with these issues from the‬‬
‫‪Islamic point of view as purely Islamic issues and the responsibility of all Muslims and stressed‬‬
‫‪that the only remedy for the weakness of Muslims is to return to Islam, Strong foundations of‬‬
‫‪legitimacy. This brief paper will present brief definition of the literature of resistance, the‬‬
‫‪emergence of resistance poetry in the Indian-Pakistani subcontinent and prominent resistance‬‬
‫‪poets in Pakistan and put up examples from their poetry.‬‬
‫‪The Plight of Palestinian People in the Novel “Omer Appears in Jerusalem‬‬
‫ػتنة شعب فلسطُت يف رواية "عمر يظهر يف القدس"‬

‫‪Dr. Hifzur Rehman‬‬
‫‪Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic‬‬
‫‪Gordon College Rawalpindi‬‬
‫‪Dr. Hafiz Haris Saleem‬‬

‫‪Assistant Professor, Department of Arabic‬‬
‫‪Government College Murree‬‬
‫صدرت الطبعة األوىل من رواية )عمر يظهر يف القدس) لنجيب الكيبلين يف عاـ ‪ ،1971‬وكانت مدينة القدس‬
‫الشريفة قد سقطت يف براثن االحتبلؿ الصهيوين ‪ ،‬وشرعت السلطة اإلسرائيلية يف هتويد اظتدينة ‪ ،‬والعمل على ػتو ىويتها‬
‫اإلسبلمية والعربية ‪ ،‬وأصبح األمل معقودا على ظهور اظتخلص الذي ينقذ اظتدينة اظتقدسة‪.‬‬
‫تدور أحداث الرواية يف الفًتة الواقعة بعد ىزمية ‪ 5‬يونيو ‪ 1967‬حىت اتريخ الفراغ من كتابة الرواية‪ 5‬يونيو ‪،1970‬‬
‫ثبلث سنوات من األمل واضتزف واظتعاانة‪ ،‬ثبلث سنوات من العذاب واعتواف‪ ،‬وقد استطاع الكاتب أف حيدث عبورا زمانيا حُت‬
‫أدخل عمر بن اطتطاب الذي عاش يف مطلع القرف األوؿ من اعتجرة ‪،‬وجعلو يعايش أحدااث يف الربع األخَت من القرف الرابع‬
‫عشر اعتجري ) الربع الثالث من القرف العشرين اظتيبلدي) ‪ ،‬مث يتنقل بنا الكاتب من الزمانُت اظتاضي واضتاضر ‪ ،‬من خبلؿ‬
‫اسًتجاع عمر ألحداث اظتاضي وذكرايتو‪.‬‬
‫تبدأ الرواية اهذه العبارة‪ :‬ؿتن جيل الضياع واألحزاف اي أماه ‪ ،‬أايـ الذؿ مزرعة خصبة لآلالـ واألحزا ‪ ،‬وسنوات اعتواف‬
‫الطويلة مل تتفجر عن فجر يبدد الظبلـ والوجوـ‪ ،‬ودتادى العدو يف طغيانو وعبثو وغروره‪ ،‬دوف أف نستطيع الثأر منو‪ ،‬يشعرين‬
‫بعجز قاتل‪ ،‬ويعصف ابألحبلـ اطتضراء ‪ .‬تشَت ىذه اصتملة االفتتاحية إىل التوتر والقلق واظتعاانة والظروؼ النفسية واالجتماعية‬
IMLC 2019 93
‫ينم‬، ‫ وما أصاب اجملتمع من دتزؽ وضياع وأيس‬،1967 ‫الصعبة اليت يعانيها اظتواطن العريب يف القدس احملتلة يف أعقاب ىزمية‬
.‫عما سيجري من أحداث روائية‬
:‫احملاور‬
.‫ التعريف ابلكاتب‬
.‫ التعريف ابلنص‬
.‫ استدعاء شخصية عمر‬
.‫ القضااي اليت يثَتىا النص‬
.‫ التقنيات الس ردية يف الرواية‬
The author was able to make a temporary passage when he introduced Omar ibn al-Khattab,
who lived in the beginning of the first century of migration, and made him live events in the last
quarter of the fourteenth century AH (third quarter of the twentieth century), and then moving
writer from the past and present times, And the long years of humiliation did not explode from a
dawn that dispels darkness and gloom, and persevere the enemy in its tyranny, absurdity and
arrogance, without being able to take revenge on it. , I feel a fatal helplessness, and it blows up
Green Mother. This opening sentence refers to the tension, anxiety, suffering, and the difficult
psychological and social conditions experienced by the Arab citizen in occupied Jerusalem
following the defeat of 1967.
Conflicts and Disasters in the Palestinian Case in the Perspective of

Immigrant Literature
‫ اظتواطنُت السوريُت احملن والکوارث يف‬،‫ البلجئُت السوريُت‬،‫ وسائل اإلعبلـ‬:‫الكلمات اظتفتاحية‬
‫القضية الفلسطينية يف منظور األدب املھجري‬
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abuzar Khalil
Chairman Arabic Department
Zakria University, Multan
‫ وکما ؾتد الباحثُت يف اضتياة موزعة‬، ‫إذا ما نتصفح يف أتريخ البشر اضتضاري والسياسي فنجدىا مليئة ابحملن واظتأساة‬
،‫ واالٓخروف ينظروف إليها نظر حب ورجاء‬،‫ منهم من ينظر إليها نظرة أيس وكراىة‬،‫إلی فئات عديدة من بُت السلب واإلياب‬
.‫ وػتل احملن والکوارث‬،‫ ومنهم من يظنها ظبلما وداىية‬، ‫وفئة يعتقدىا نوراً وىداية‬
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪94‬‬
‫فهذا اظتقاؿ يهتم ابحملن والببلاي التی نزلت ابألمة الفلسطينية فی عصران اضتديث يف منظور األدب اظتهجري‪ ،‬فهو مقاؿ‬
‫فی احملن والببلاي التی نزلت ابألمة الفلسطينية برجاعتا ونسائها‪ ،‬وشبااها وشيوخها‪ ،‬وأوالدىا‪ ،‬وبناهتا‪ ،‬ومازالت احملن والببلاي ترافق‬
‫تراىا ومدهنا‪ ،‬وتزداد وتتولد علی مر األايـ بفعل أشرار اطتلق وعمبلئة اضتاقد الطامع اظتتسلط‪.‬‬
‫قلما نری يف التاريخ أمة جری عليها ماجری علی الشعب الفلسطيٍت من اغتصاب أراضيو وتشريده منها غَت أف مأ‬
‫ساهتم اليت تصدعت عتا القلوب وإهنالت من أجلها الدموع کانت مرتعا خصيا للکتّاب والشعرآء داخل ا ألقطار العربية‬
‫واإلسبلمية وخارجها‪.‬‬
‫والسبب الرئيس الذی دفعٍت إلی دراسة ىذا اظتوضوع‪ ،‬أف دارسي األدب اظتهجري اعتنوا بدراسة ىذا األدب من‬
‫زوااي ؼتتلفة ‪ ،‬وبذلوا يف ذلک جهوداً متضافرة ولکن اضتظ األوفر من تلك اصتهود صرؼ إلی دراسة اضتنُت يف أدب اظتهجرين‬
‫واإلجتاه القصصي والتأملي ‪ ،‬والظاىرة القومية يف أداهم غَت أف القضية الفلسطينية اليت تشکل جانبا ىاما من الظاىرة القومية‬
‫يف أداهم مل حتظ بعناية کبَتة‪.‬‬
‫تتضح أمهي ة ىذه اظتسألة عندما يد القاري لسَتهتم أف أکثر الشعراء اظتهاجرين کانوا من اظتسيحيُت العرب الذين‬
‫ىاجروا إىل القارة األمريکية وقلما نری بينهم من کاف يدين بدين اإلسبلـ‪ .‬کما أننا ما وجدان من بينهم من کانت فلسطُت‬
‫مسقط رأسة وىذا يعکس مدی القيم األخبلقية واإلنسان ية يف أداهم ولذلك ما هتدؼ إليو ىذه الدراسة اظتتوا ضعة ىو تبيُت‬
‫مرتکزات القضية الفلسطينية وػتنها يف أدب اظتهجرين‪.‬‬
‫‪In the history, we rarely see a nation as a crime against the Palestinian people from raping‬‬
‫‪and uprooting its lands. However, their heartbreaking tragedies and tears were a special breeding‬‬
‫‪ground for writers and poets within Arab and Islamic countries and beyond. The main reason for‬‬
‫‪studying this subject is that the scholars of the Diaspora studied the literature from different‬‬
‫‪angles and made concerted efforts. However, the best luck of these efforts was to study the‬‬
‫‪Hanan in the literature of the displaced, the narrative and the contemplative trend, and the‬‬
‫‪nationalist phenomenon in their literature. Palestine, which constitutes an important aspect of the‬‬
‫‪national phenomenon in their literature, has not received much attention. The importance of this‬‬
‫‪issue becomes clear when the Continental finds that most of the immigrant poets were Arab‬‬
‫‪Christians who immigrated to the American continent and rarely saw among them the followers‬‬
‫‪of the religion of Islam. We also found no one among them who was a Palestinian Palestine. This‬‬
‫‪reflects the moral and human values in their literature. Therefore, the aim of this study is to show‬‬
‫‪the centrality of the Palestinian cause and its dilemmas in the literature of the displaced.‬‬
IMLC 2019 95
Culture of Peace in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Attitude and Tool

)‫ثقافة السبلـ يف الشعر العريب اضتديث (اظتوقف واألداة‬
Dr. Muhammad Iqbal
Assistant Professor, NUML
Dr. Kafait Ullah Hamdani

Associate Professor / Head, Department of Arabic, NUML
‫ بل قدمية قدـ التاريخ اإلنساين يف‬،‫ وليست قاصرة على األدب العريب‬،‫الدعوة إىل السبلـ ليست وليدة العصر اضتديث‬
‫ ولكن بوف شاسع بُت اضترب‬،‫ وؽتا وقر يف الذاكرة دعوة زىَت بن أيب ُسلمى إىل السلم يف اصتاىلية‬.‫كل الثقافات ويف كل اآلداب‬
‫ لذلك كانت الدعوة إىل السبلـ يف‬.‫ فاضترب اضتديثة مدمرة ال تبقي وال تذر العتمادىا على أفتك األسلحة‬،‫يف القدًن واضتديث‬
‫ وذلك ألف الرغبة يف حتقيق السبلـ جزء من السلوؾ االنفسي الداخل يف‬.‫عصران اضتديث مدوية ال يكاد هلو منها ديواف شاعر‬
‫ وقد ظهرت‬.‫ فهي ضد الًتعة اضتربية فالرغبة يف حتقيق السبلـ والدعوة لو تزدىراف بصفة عامة يف أزمنة اضتروب‬،‫مركب اضترب‬
‫ وكذلك فيما ز من إجراءات بُت العرب وإسرائيل يف النزاع‬،‫ىذه الثقافة الداعية إىل السبلـ إابف اضتربُت العاظتيتُت األوىل والثانية‬
،‫ وعلى رأسها اضترب العاظتية الثانية اليت راح ضحيتها اآلالؼ‬،‫ وىي رد فعل طبعي ظتا كاف من حروب يف العصر اضتديث‬.‫بينهما‬
‫ بل اتسع ليشمل كثيا من الدوؿ اليت كانت حتتلها الدوؿ األوربية‬،‫ ومل يقتصر أثرىا على أوراب فقط‬،‫وحرقت األخضر واليابس‬
.‫العظمى إابف تلك اضترب‬
‫ وتناوؿ ىذه األشعار ابلتحليل‬،‫ويعٌت ىذا البحث إب لقاء الضوء على ثقافة السبلـ يف دواوين بعض الشعراء العرب‬
.‫والدراسة من حيث اظتوضوع ومن حيث الفن‬
The call for peace is not the result of the modern era, and it is not limited to Arab literature,
but is as old as human history in all cultures and in all literatures. The memory of Zuhair ibn Abi
Salma's call to peace in ignorance is remembered, but a vast gap between the war in the old and
the modern. The modern war is devastating and does not allow it to be adopted on the buttocks
of weapons. Therefore, the call for peace in our modern era resounding is almost devoid of the
poet's office. This is because the desire to achieve peace is part of the psychological behavior of
the composite of war. It is against the war line; the desire for peace and advocacy generally
flourishes in times of war. This culture of peace emerged during the First and Second World
Wars, as well as the actions taken between the Arabs and Israel in the conflict between them. It
was a reaction to the wars of the modern era, especially the Second World War, which claimed
thousands of lives, burned green and land, and not only Europe, but also many of the countries
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪96‬‬
‫‪occupied by the great European countries during that war. This research aims at shedding light‬‬
‫‪on the culture of peace in the writings of some Arab poets, and dealing with these poems analysis‬‬
‫‪and study in terms of subject matter and in terms of art.‬‬
‫‪Arabic Pictures and Hardships in the Modern Period‬‬
‫األفالم العربیة والمحه في األدب الحدیث‬

‫‪Mr. Zain Ul Abideen‬‬
‫‪Lecturer, Arabic Department, NUML‬‬
‫‪Dr. H. Muhammad Badshah‬‬

‫‪Assistant Professor, Arabic Department, NUML‬‬
‫إف للتعبَت وسائل عديدة يعرب اها أصحااها عما ختتلج يف صدورىم من الرؤى واألفكار‪ ،‬ومن ىذه الوسائل وسيلة‬
‫األفبلـ واظترئيات‪ ،‬وىي تعترب وسيلة قوية ومؤثرة يف نفوس اظتتلقُت من اظتشاىدين واظتشاىدات‪ .‬وتعترب ػتن اضتروب واظتعارؾ‬
‫أفضل مادة من اظتواد اليت ترتكز عليها ىذه الوسيلة اظترئية‪ ،‬ومل يكن اإلعبلـ العريب اظترئي أقل حظا ونصيبا من أي إعبلـ بشري‬
‫آخر يف اقتناص ىذه الفريسة الثمينة‪ ،‬وتسجيل ىذه احملنة مبشاىدىا اظتتنوعة‪ ،‬وتقدميها إىل اظتشاىدين بعد حتليلها مغذاة‬
‫ابألغذية اليت أرادىا عتا أصحااها‪ ،‬ومتلونة أبلواف أريد عتا أف تصبغ اها‪ .‬ومن ىنا تعددت الرؤى‪ ،‬وتنوعت األفكار يف عرض ىذه‬
‫احملن وحتليلها وتقدميها يف هناية اظتطاؼ عرب عدد من القنوات العاظتية أو احمللية إىل اظتشاىدين من اصتماىَت‪ ،‬ولكنها وال شك‬
‫أثرت ساحة اإلعبلـ اظترئي بعدد من اإلنتاجات اظتؤثرة اليت كتب عتا القبوؿ بُت عدد من اظتشاىدين‪ ،‬كما كتب عتا التأثَت يف عدد‬
‫من األوساط السياسية واالجتماعية‪.‬‬
‫ويسعى ىذا اظتقاؿ أف يسهم يف إبراز دور األفبلـ العربية يف تقدًن احملن البشرية اظتعاصرة عرب شاشات القنوات إىل‬
‫اظتشاىدين واظتشاىدات‪ ،‬كما أنو يسعى إىل بياف أتثَت اإلعبلـ اظترئي يف اظتشاىد العاـ‪ ،‬وبياف أمهيتو يف نشر وعي ما يف األوساط‬
‫العربية بصورة خاصة ألنو ما من عمل إعبلمي مرئي إال وىو مشرب برؤى أصحابو‪ ،‬ومفعم بكثَت من األفكار اليت حتملها‬
‫نفوس الكتاب واظتخرجُت‪.‬‬
‫وسيكوف ىذا اظتقاؿ مقسما إىل مقدمة ومبحثُت وخادتة‪ .‬أما اظتقدمة فستتناوؿ أمهية اإلعبلـ اظترئي وأتثَته يف اصتماىَت‪.‬‬
‫واظتبحث األوؿ سيتحدث عن األفبلـ العربية الطويلة والقصَتة ابللغة العربية الفصيحة‪ ،‬تلك اليت تناولت احملن واضتروب كمادة‬
‫أساسية عتا‪ .‬أما اظتبحث الثاين فسيكوف يف اضتديث عن األفبلـ العربية ابللغة العربية العامية أو اللهجات العربية‪ ،‬وىي تلك‬
‫األفبلـ اليت تناولت احملن واضتروب واستفادت منها يف التصوير والتسجيل والتحليل ومن مث تقدميها إىل اصتماىَت العامة من‬
IMLC 2019 97
،‫ أ ما اطتادتة فإهنا يف هناية اظتطاؼ ستحتوي على عدد من النتائج اظتهمة اليت يتوصل إليها ىذا اظتقاؿ‬.‫اظتشاىدين واظتشاىدات‬
.‫كما أهنا ستشتمل على عدد من االقًتاحات والتوصيات اظتطلوبة يف ىذا اظتقاـ‬
The expression has many means through which the owners express their opinions and
ideas, and these means means films and visuals, and is a powerful and influential means in the
hearts of viewers and viewers. Warships and battles are considered the best material on which
this visual means is based. The Arab media was less fortunate than any other human media in
capturing this precious prey, recording this ordeal with its varied scenes and presenting it to the
viewers after analyzing it with the food it wanted. The owners, and is full of colors I want them
to dye. Hence, there are many visions, and the diversity of ideas in the presentation of these
ordeals and analysis and ultimately presented through a number of global or local channels to
viewers of the masses, but undoubtedly influenced the field of visual media a number of
influential productions that were written to accept the number of viewers, Have an impact on a
number of political and social circles. This article seeks to contribute to highlighting the role of
Arab films in presenting contemporary human tribulations through the channels of channels to
viewers and viewers. It also seeks to explain the impact of visual media in the public scene and
to indicate its importance in spreading awareness in Arab circles in particular. My media is
visual, but it is a drink of the vision of its owners, and is full of ideas that are carried by the souls
of writers and directors.
Media and its Role in Cultural Rapprochement between Syrian Refugees and
Citizens
)‫وسائل اإلعبلـ ودورىا ىف التقارب الثقاىف بُت البلجئُت السوريُت واظتواطنُت (دراسة حتليلية‬
Dr. Zia Ul Hussnain

Director, Arabic Language Center, Sialkot
Dr. Abu Bakar Bhutta

Assistant Professor
Arabic Department, NUML, Islamabad
‫‪IMLC 2019‬‬ ‫‪98‬‬
‫لقد مر ست سنوات على اندالع الثورة السورية‪ ،‬والىت قضت على األخضر واليابس عاىن خبلعتا الشعب السورى‬
‫عناء شديدا فاؽ احتماؿ ا لبشر‪ ،‬ومل يًتؾ مكاان لصفة اإلنسانية إال وانتهكت‪ ،‬فأعداد الضحااي ىف تزايد مستمر على مرأى‬
‫ومسمع من العامل الذى ال حيرؾ ساكنا أبية قرارات أو اجراءات ضد ىذا االنتهاؾ الغاشم الذى حوؿ الدولة إىل مقربة رتاعية‬
‫يدفن فيها اظتئات يوميا ىذا ما أوضحتو اإلحصائية األخَتة من عدد ضحااي جرائم النظاـ السورى يف سوراي حىت هناية تشرين‬
‫أوؿ‪/‬أكتوبر ‪ 2015‬وذلك طواؿ ‪ 55.5‬شهراً ‪ 19621 /‬يوماً ‪.‬‬
‫وابلرغم من ىذا العدد اعتائل من الضحااي إال أف الصراع مل حيسم حىت اآلف وذلك قد يرجع إىل أف " اضتالة السورية ىف‬
‫تفاعبلهتا الداخلية واطتارجية دتثل منوذجا لتلك اطتصوصية هتلف عن الدوؿ األخرى‪.‬‬
‫ونظرا عتذه الظروؼ القهرية اضطر اظتواطنُت إىل النزوح إىل الدوؿ األمنة واليت تسمح عتم ابللجوء إليها وحيث أف‬
‫عملية اللجوء ىذه تتطلب أف يتأقلم الفرد مع البلد اصتديد ومع اظتواطنُت ىف ىذه البلد فمن سيقوـ اهذا التقارب الثقاىف؟‬
‫إف وسائل اإلعبلـ حتتل مكانة كبَتة عند األفراد وأصحت ىف العصر اضتاىل من الضرورايت واألساسيات ويتابعها‬
‫ؼتتلف األفراد وتستطيع وسائل اإلعبلـ ظتا دتتلكو من إمكانيات وقدرات أف تساىم ىف حل الكثَت من القضااي وتستطيع أف‬
‫تقوـ بتوجيو األفراد ومن ىنا كانت مشكلة الدراسة والىت تتمثل ىف السؤاؿ الرئيس التاىل‪-:‬‬
‫مشكلة الدراسة ‪ :‬ما دور وسائل اإلعبلـ ىف حتقيق التقارب الثقاىف بُت البلجئُت واظتواطنُت؟ ويتفرع من ىذا السؤاؿ التساؤالت‬
‫التالية‪-:‬‬
‫‪ ‬ما نوع اظتواد اإلعبلمية الىت تعرضها وسائل اإلعبلـ للتقريب الثقاىف بُت البلجيئن واظتواطنُت ؟‬
‫‪ ‬إىل أى غتاؿ ثقاىف تنتمى اظتادة اإلعبلمية ( ديٍت وخلقي‪ ،‬سياسي‪ ،‬اجتماعي‪ ،‬معريف‪ ،‬ترفيهى) اظتقدمة ىف‬
‫الربامج ؟‬
‫‪ ‬كم الوقت الذي ختصصو وسائل اإلعبلـ لعرض مواد إعبلمية حتمل ىذا اعتدؼ؟‬
‫‪Six years have passed since the outbreak of the Syrian revolution, which wiped out the green‬‬
‫‪and the land, where the Syrian people suffered a great deal of suffering, surpassing the‬‬
‫‪possibility of human beings, leaving no room for humanity to be violated. The number of victims‬‬
‫‪continues to rise in full view of the world, against this brutal violation that turned the country‬‬
‫‪into a mass grave where hundreds of people are buried every day. This is the latest statistics of‬‬
‫‪the number of victims of the crimes of the Syrian regime in Syria until the end of October 2015‬‬
‫‪for 55.5 months / 1,691 days. Despite this huge number of victims, the conflict has not yet been‬‬
‫‪resolved. This may be due to the fact that "the Syrian situation in its internal and external‬‬
‫‪interactions represents an example of this differentiate from other countries. In view of these‬‬
‫‪coercive conditions, citizens are forced to flee to the security countries, which allow them to‬‬
IMLC 2019 99
resort to them. As this process of asylum requires that the individual adapts to the new country
and the citizens of this country, who will achieve this cultural rapprochement?. The media
occupies a great place in the individuals and cleared the current time of the essentials and the
fundamentals and followed by different individuals and the media can have the potential and
capabilities to contribute to the solution of many issues and can direct the individuals and this
was the problem of study.
Analytical Review of "Vaar"

Professor, Dr Saeed Khawar Bhutta
Chairman Department of punabi,
Govt. College University, Lahore
―Vaar‖ ( epic poem) is such an important genre of Punjabi literature that covers the whole
range of heroic traditions of Punjab. One face of Punjab has been preserved in the tradition of
other languages. However, a different version of Punjab has been documented in Punjabi ―Vaar‖
(epic poem).This write-up discusses only those epic poems (Vaaran) which have been written in
Punjabi language with a thematic focus on foreign invaders. This article is a brief analytical
survey of Punjabi epic poems (Vaaran) spanning from the period of Zaheer-ud-Din Babur to the
War of Independence in 1857. It is actually a Punjabi perspective on the history of this period.
The Trends and Inclinations in Balochi Poetry

Dr Wahid Bukhish Buzdar
NIPS-Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad
Just like every other literature, poets of Balochi literature have explored new trends,
taking Balochi poetry to new heart- alluring heights and have authenticated every new
experience of Balochi poetry, giving Balochi literature a strong and new identity. The two major
themes in Balochi literature are poetry of resistance and romantic poetry, both of which are
treasured and held in high regard in Balochi literature. If we explore Balochi literature, we
would find that the poetry of resistance has always held an edge over other themes of poetry.
Even though, scholars have written many articles on this theme, there is still room to explore and
further elucidate on this theme of poetry.
IMLC 2019 100
Dated or contemporary, there are thousands of poems available in the context of various trends in
Balochi literature which require further research and closer inspection of different perspectives in
the form of dissertations, for the significance of Balochi language and ultimately Pakistani
languages and literature.
Reflections of War Traumatic Conditions After 9/11 In Pashto Short Stories

Dr. Asal Marjan (Muhib Wazir)
Chairman Department of Pashto
Bacha Khan University Charsada, KPK
War is a state of conflict between two or more than two groups in which a number of
people engaged. It is also a destructive situation and considered as an art within the same
group/nation or the armed conflict between forces of various nations.
Visible objectives of the War are to downfall the opponent and occupied their territory, but the
victory in this situation is not considered as the end of war, rather until the winning group defeat
the opponents mentally and psychologically. Generally, it is observed that war has been taken
place due to economic, religious and political factors among nations.
War is the hub of traumatic conditions. War destructions can be overcome with the passage of
time but the traumatic conditions resulting due to war has stressed down the minds. Trauma is
that particular situation in which various harmful intensions have been emerged among the
overwhelmed group/nation.
After the tragic incident of 9/11, Pukhtoon region is in continues state of war traumatic
conditions. The same situation is greatly observed in short stories of Pashto language. The paper
under discussion is about the reflections of War Traumatic conditions after 9/11 in Pashto short
stories.
Conflict and Post Conflict Dimensions of Pashto Short Story

Dr. Ismail Gohar
Department of Urdu and Pashto
International Islamic University Islamabad
Pashtunkhwa is situated between south and central Asia. During the long period of
history, KPK has been affected by foreign aggressions .therefore social stability and peace could
not sustained in the area. Russian forces entered in Afghanistan in 1979 and local armed groups(
Mujahidin) stood up against Russian forces. Due to this situation, the country change in a battle
field. Millions of Afghan refugees move towards Pakistan. This conflict unfortunately promoted
IMLC 2019 101
the smuggling narcotics as well as the country faced a new Kalashnikov culture. Pashtun writers
deeply felt this destructive period on creative level and created so many stories on several topics
of the conflict.
After 9/11, the USA and its allies entered their forces in Afghanistan. Carpet bombing,
drone attacks and B52 became the new names of death. This new conflict destroyed the
humanity, wild life and environment in Afghanistan and suicide bombing destroyed peace and
social stability in KPK. Pashto short stories reflected these circumstances with their global
background. Stories war on terror and its bad effects on Pashtun society were focused in these
stories.
Humanitarianism, Refugee and Mental Torture
Habib Nawaz
Head, Department of Pakistani Language
H-9 NUML Islamabad
In simple words, Humanitarianism, means to think better for a person, have good attitude
and behavior with him, serve it in any field or work of life and work for its welfare, also consider
the basic rights in this regard, protect honor, life and property etc.No religion of the world cannot
deny the importance of humanitarianism and human beings are strong supporters of it.
Humanitarianism has great importance in Islam. This is the reason that it is considered as a
worship. That is why Islam has emphasized on rights of human being than the rights of ALLAH.
Humanitarianism is very important to make human life pleasant. The respect of others, the
protection of life and love for each other have the main element of humanitarianism.
Refugees: In the present time the people of different Islamic countries have taken shelter in
others area or countries just like the people of Syria, Palestinians and Waziristan etc.
Mental Torture: when the human beings are suffering from mental torture due to war or
political situation and take shelter far away in other countries then they are facing many
problems and difficulties just like.
1. Agriculture
2. Food
3. Health
4. Electricity
IMLC 2019 102
5. Lake of income source

6. Education
7. Shelter (Home)
8. Women and children‘s needs and problems etc.
In this serious situation and mental harassment, the concerned, institutions, and other countries
should take steps to control the worst situation and resolve the problems of the refugees and try
to resolve the dispute, due to which their situation is made.
Shaikh Ayaz A Great Modern Poet of Sindhi Language
‫دنسھےکدورجذیذےکمیظعشارعخیشایازیکدنسیھشارعیںیمانماکاغیپؾ‬
Dr. Hakim Ali Buriro
Assistant Professor
AIOU, Islamabad
Sheikh Ayaz was a great poet of Sindhi language in this ara. He was not only a poet but
he was a short story writer also. He had written stories against British rule before Pakistan
independence. Sheikh Ayaz was a lawyer by profession and played a vital role in progressive
movement of literature. We can find a plenty of his Urdu poetry. He translated Shah Jo Rasloo in
urdu. So he is also a great poet of urdu, so he is also a great poet of Urdu and Sindhi. This article
focuses on Sheikh Ayaz sindhi poetry.
IMLC 2019 103
Conference Committees
Sponsorship & Financial Committee
Dr. Abu Bakr Bhutta (Arabic) Dr. Qasim Azzam (Arabic)
Dr. Ansa Hameed (English) Dr. Ghazala Kausar (English)
Dr. Gulfam Baghoor (BICON
IT & Media Committee
Ms. Sherbano Zaidi (English) Mr. Faisal Shehryar (French)
Dr. Amir Zaheer (French) Dr. Muhammad Iqbal (Arabic)
Ms. Rakhshanda (Urdu) Dr. Farooq Anjum (Pak Lang)
Ms. Sahar Riaz (Faculty of

Languages
IMLC 2019 104
Printing Committee
Dr. Humaira Shahbaz (Persian) Dr. Muhammad Fayyaz

(Persian)
Ms. Sahar Riaz (Faculty of

Languages)
Academic Committee
Dr. Abid Sial (Urdu) Dr. Shafiq Anjum (Urdu)
Dr. Rakhshanda (Urdu) Dr. Snobar (Urdu)
Dr. Abu Bakr Bhutta (Arabic) Dr. Iqbal (Arabic)
Dr. H. Muhammad Badshah

(Arabic) Dr. Humaira Ahmad (English)
Dr. Sibghatullah Khan (English) Dr. Shazia Rose (English)

IMLC 2019 105
Dr. Salim Akhtar (English)
Venue committee
Mrs. Nur Yasemin Rahoojo Ms. Khadija Javed (English)

(Turkish)
Mr. Ahtisham Hussain (Korean)
Reception & Registration Committee
Mr. Aamir Ali (Korean) Ms. Elena Sumina (Russian)
Ms. Yevgeniya Buch (Russian) Ms. Uzma Moin (English)
Hall Management Committee
Mr. Ahtesham Hussain (Korean) Ms. Rabiya Amir (English)

IMLC 2019 106
Mr. Danish Yasin (Chinese)
Refreshment Committee
Mr. Farrukh Ishfaq (German) Mr. Abdul Mateen Hashmi

(Chinese)
Boarding & Lodging Committee
Mr. Muntazir Mehdi (English) Dr. Haseeb Nasir (English)
Mr. Faisal Shehryar (French)
Cultural Event
Mr. Ilyas Baber Awan (English) Ms. Gulnaz Begum (English)
Paintings & Calligraphy
Dr. Humaira Shahbaz

Focal Person Art for Peace Competition
IMLC 2019 107
Contributors of Art for Peace Competition

Participants Postcards making competition, titled: ―Post Peace‘‘
Sr # Name of participants
1 Iqra waqar-(Islamabad, Pakistan)
4 Najia Irum (Rawalpindi, Pakistan)
3 Noor Yasmeen (Islamabad, Pakistan)
2 Zaineb waqas (Islamabad, Pakistan)
Participants Creative Writing competition titled: ―Preach Peace‘‘
Sr # Name of participants
1. Amber Waseem (Karachi, Pakistan)
2. Ayesha Tipu (Karachi, Pakistan)
3. Chan wing chi Vinci (Hong Kong, China)
4. Fatima Azhar (Islamabad, Pakistan)
5. Fatima Sajjad (Islamabad, Pakistan)
6. Hafiz Ullah (Islamabad, Pakistan)
7. Imran Shah (Islamabad, Pakistan)
8. Izza Majeed (Islamabad, Pakistan)
9. Minahil Tariq (Islamabad, Pakistan)
10. Muhammad Rashid (Islamabad, Pakistan)
11. Nauman Mumta (Islamabad, Pakistan)
12. Razia Akbar (Islamabad, Pakistan)
13. Siraj Ahmed (Islamabad, Pakistan)
14. Tahir Mehmood Abbasi (Islamabad, Pakistan)
15. Yahya Jan (Islamabad, Pakistan)
Participants Poster making competition titled: ―Practice Peace ‗‘
Sr# Name of participants

1 Aliya noor(Karachi, Pakistan)
3 Masham-i-Zahra, (Rawalpindi, Pakistan)
2 Zeenat Shahbaz (Rawalpindi, Pakistan)
Participants Calligraphy Competition, titled: ―Peace Inscription‖
Sr # : Name of Participants
16. Aqsa Shahid, (Islamabad, Pakistan)
17. M. Abdullah
IMLC 2019 108
18. Maha Waheed (Rawalpindi, Pakistan)

19. Nur Yasmeen Rahoojo (Islamabad, Pakistan)
20. Serdar Athar Rahoojo (Islamabad, Pakistan)
Participants Visual Art competition titled: ―Peace Visuals‘‘
Sr # Name of Participants
21. Aqsa tariq(NUML, Islamabad)
22. Bethard lau(Hong Kong China)
23. Bisma noor (Karachi, Pakistan)
24. Brian chan(Hong Kong, China)
25. Capsian leung (Hong Kong, China)
26. Chan ka yan(Hong Kong, China)
27. Chan lok ching, (Hong Kong, China)
28. Chan po chi angelo(Hong Kong, China)
29. Chan wai ki (Hong Kong, China)
30. Chan wing yin (Hong Kong, China)
31. Chan yi sum clasa (Hong Kong, China)
32. Chow cheuk yiu(Hong Kong, China)
33. Christopher kam(Hong Kong, China)
34. Hania (NUMML, Islamabad)
35. Hayley cheung (Hong Kong, China)
36. Kurt tsui (Hong Kong, China)
37. Lam king long (Hong Kong, China)
38. Lau cheuk ying (Hong Kong, China)
39. Leung cheuk laam(Hong Kong, China)
40. Liberty fayth miuer (Hong Kong, China)
41. Lo hau laam katie(Hong Kong, China)
42. Lo yat sang (Hong Kong, China)
43. Lui chi to michael(Hong Kong, China)
44. Ma yui(Hong Kong, China)
45. Muhammad AfzaL(Fateh Jhang, Pakistan)
46. Osman chan(Hong Kong, China)
47. Pan wai ning(Hong Kong, China)
48. Pang yin hong(Hong Kong, China)
49. Sasa jiu(Hong Kong China)
50. Summer tsang(Hong Kong China)
51. Sunil Roger (Karachi, Pakistan)
52. Sunil roger(Karachi, Pakistan)
IMLC 2019 109
53. Tin ming yan (Hong Kong, China)

54. Tong hoi ching(Hong Kong, China)
55. Tsang cheuk yin(Hong Kong, China)
56. Tsoi tsz hang (Hong Kong, China)
57. Vincci lam (Hong Kong, China)
58. Wong long hei Kayden (Hong Kong, China)
59. Wong wing nam(Hong Kong, China)
60. Yeung sum (Hong Kong, China)

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IMLC 2019 1

PROGRAMME & ABSTRACT BOOK

International Multilingual Conference on

Concept Note .................................................................................................................................. 3

11. Semiotics of suffering in arts

Conference Vision and its Languages

Art for Peace Competition

optimism. We are deeply grateful to many other unsung heroes.

gratitude to all of them.

us in accommodating some of our guests. Thank you all.

Noam Chomsky on IMLC-2019

my health. However, I believe the conference is attended by a number of

means possible. I wish you all the best.

Message from the Rector

On the occasion of IMLC-2019, I‘m reminded of Bertrand Russell‘s

retribution. It is important to remember those who are caught in

Message from Director General

The role of the academia, in the age of media, is going through a

transformation. However, one thing is a constant: they have to come up

with practical solutions to address the burning issues of the time.

NUML‘s Faculty of Languages took the initiative to address the issues

Message from the Dean

The afterlives of 9/11 have affected many of us in myriad ways. It is a

traces the narratives of fear, loss and vulnerability.

In my experience, holding a conference on a specific theme in Pakistan is a daunting task as

in Islamabad. Welcome to IMLC-2019.

IMLC 2019 Organizing Committee

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Safeer Awan

Dr. Kifayat ullah Hamdani

Dr. Rubina Shehnaz

Dr. Arshad Mehmood

Dr. Atif Faraz

Ms. Khadeeja Mushtaq

Dr. Taqi Sadique

Cara Cilano Almuth Degener,

Dr Katsiaryna Hurbik Dr. Shahid Siddique

Dr. Zia ul Hasan Dr. Saeed Khawar Bhutta

Dr. Qazi Abid

Invited National Speakers

Iftikhar Arif M. Hameed Shahid

Akhtar Raza Saleemi Amna Mufti

Almuth Degener Dr. Esra Mirze Santesso

Dr. Rahul Bjorn Parson

Dr. Rukhsana Qambar Dr. Husnul Amin

Dr. Nukhbah Langah Dr. Asif Farrukhi

Dr. Hamid Ashraf Dr. Moeen Nizami

Dr. Abu Zer Khalil

Dr. Muhammad Yousuf

11 Samia Mudasser Assistant Professor, Department of English, FJWU,

22 Dr. Mubarak Lashari Assistant Professor, Institute of English Language &

44 Ms. Sadia Akram & Lecturer, Department of English Literature, Government

0800 – 0900 Registration

Inaugural & Keynote Session

0935 – 0940 Recitation from the Holy Quran

1030– 1035 Presentation of Souvenirs

1035 – 1040 Group Photograph

1040 – 1045 Tea break

Reporters: Umar Muslim & Amna Bashir

1305 – 1315 Remarks by the Chair

1315 – 1325 Presentation of Souvenirs & Group Photograph

Reporters: Tahira Sameen & Kashmala Fakhar

1245 – 1255 Remarks by the Chair

1255 – 1300 Presentation of Souvenirs & Group Photograph