FUNDAMENTALS OF VIBRATION

BY:- SHUBHAM CHAURASIYA

(DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING PUNJAB UNIVERSITY)
BASIC CONCEPTS OF VIBRATION?
 Vibration is a mechanical phenomena whereby
oscillation occur about an equilibrium point
 All bodies having mass and elasticity are capable of
producing vibration
 The mass is inherent of the body and elasticity
causes relative motion among its parts
 When body particles are displaced by the
application of external force the internal forces in
the form of elastic energy are present in the body
 In this way, vibratory motion is repeated indefinitely
and exchange of energy takes place
SOME BASIC DEFINITIONS
FREE AND ITS SUB TYPES
FREE VIBRATION:-
In Free vibration, the object is not under the influence of any
kind of outside force.
a)Longitudinal vibration: when the particles of the body move
parallel to the axis of the body, the vibration is known as
longitudinal vibration.

b)Transverse vibration: hen the particles of the body move

nearly perpendicular to the axis of the body, the vibration is
known as transverse vibration.

c)Torsional vibration: When the particles of the body move in

a circle about the axis of the body, the vibration is known as
torsional vibration.
LONGITUDINAL TRANSVERSE TORSIONAL
VIBRATION VIBRATION VIBRATION
FORCED VIBRATION
When a periodic disturbing force keeps the body in
vibration through out its entire period of motion,
such vibration is said to be a forced vibration. The
frequency of vibration of the body is same as the
frequency of the applied force.
DAMPED VIBRATION
 If the vibratory system has a damper the motion of
the system will be dissipated in friction.this type of
vibration is called damped vibration
UNDAMPED VIBRATION
 On the contrary,the system no damper is known as
undamped vibration
LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR VIBRATION
 If in a vibratory system mass,spring and damper
behave in a linear manner,the vibrations caused are
known as linear in nature.Linear vibrations are
governed by linear differential equations.They
follow the law of superposition.Mathematically if a1
and a2 are solution of 1 &2 then a1+a2 is solution
of 3 1

On the other hand if the amplitude of vibration is very high it

Becomes non linear in nature
RESONANCE
 When the frequency of external excitation is equal
to the natural frequency of a vibrating body,the
amplitude of a vibration becomes excessively
large.This concept is known as resonance
CONTINUOUS SYSTEM
 Most of the mechanical system include elastic
members which have infinite no. Of degree of
freedom are called continuous system

cantilever beam a typical example of continuous system

DISCRETE SYS

 System with finite number of degree of freedom are

called discrete or lumped system

System with
System with 2 degree of freedom
1 degree of freedom
SHM(SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION)
SHM
SHM CONTINUED.....
SHM CONTINUED.....
ADDITION OF SHM
FOURIER SERIES

 J.Fourier, a French mathematician, developed this

 It is a periodic function in terms of series of sines

and cosines

 With the help of this series vibration results

obtained experimentally can be analysed
analytically
MATHEMATICAL FORM OF FOURIER
SERIES