UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & ENERGY STUDIES, DEHRADUN

Department of Mathematics
Course/Semester: M.Tech./I Branch: PLE
Subject: Numerical Methods in Engineering Subject Code: MATH 701
Topic: Finite difference operators, Interpolation Session: 2016-2017

Assignment-01
Q1. Prove that

(𝑖) 𝛿[𝑓(𝑥) 𝑔(𝑥)] = 𝜇𝑓(𝑥) 𝛿𝑔(𝑥) + 𝜇𝑔(𝑥)𝛿𝑓(𝑥)

𝑓(𝑥) 𝜇𝑔(𝑥)𝛿𝑓(𝑥) − 𝜇𝑓(𝑥)𝛿𝑔(𝑥)

(𝑖𝑖) 𝛿 [ ]=
𝑔(𝑥) 1 1
𝑔(𝑥 − 2) 𝑔(𝑥 + 2)

1
𝑓(𝑥) 𝜇𝑓(𝑥) 𝜇𝑔(𝑥) − 4 𝛿𝑓(𝑥) 𝛿𝑔(𝑥)
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝜇 [ ]=
𝑔(𝑥) 1 1
𝑔 (𝑥 − ) 𝑔 (𝑥 + )
2 2

The interval of difference is said to be unity.

Q2. Prove that

1 𝛿2
(𝑖) 𝜇𝛿 = (∆ + ∇), (𝑖𝑖) 1 + ( ) = √1 + 𝛿 2 𝜇2
2 2

7 4 4
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) ∇2 = ℎ2 𝐷2 − ℎ3 𝐷3 + ℎ 𝐷 − ⋯, (𝑖𝑣) ∇ − ∆= −∇∆
12

Q3. Prove that if 𝑚 is a (+)ve integer, then

(𝑥 + 1)(𝑚) 𝑥 (𝑚) 𝑥 (𝑚−1)

= +
𝑚! 𝑚! (𝑚 − 1)!

Q4. Given 𝑢0 + 𝑢8 = 1.9243, 𝑢1 + 𝑢7 = 1.9590, 𝑢2 + 𝑢6 = 1.9823, 𝑢3 + 𝑢5 = 1.9956.

Find 𝑢4 .

ANS: 0.99996

Q5. The following are the mean temperature ( 0 𝐹) on three days, 30 days apart round the pds.
of summer and winter. Estimate the app. Dates and values of max. and min. temperature.
Day Summer Winter
Date Temp. Date Temp.
0 15 June 58.8 16 Dec. 40.7
30 15 July 63.4 15 Jan. 38.1
60 14 August 62.5 14 Feb. 39.3

ANS: Maximum temperature was on 25 July and maximum temperature is 63.7110 𝐹

approximately. Minimum temperature was on mid night of 20 January and minimum
temperature is 38.0350 𝐹 approximately.
3
Q6. Find the value of an annuity at 5 8 %, given the following table:
Rate 4 1 5 1 6
4 5
2 2
Annuity value 172.2903 162.888 153.7245 145.3375 137.6483

ANS: 147.35514

Q7. Determine by Lagrange’s formula, the percentage number of criminals under 35 years:
Age % no. of criminals
Under 25 years 52
Under 30 years 67.3
Under 40 years 84.1
Under 50 years 94.4

ANS: 77.405

Q8. Find a Lagrange’s interpolating polynomial for the given data:

𝑥0 = 1, 𝑥1 = 2.5, 𝑥2 = 4 and 𝑥3 = 5.5; 𝑓(𝑥0 ) = 4, 𝑓(𝑥1 ) = 7.5, 𝑓(𝑥2 ) = 13 and 𝑓(𝑥3 ) = 17.5.
Also, find the value of 𝑓(5).
4 14 5 115
ANS: − 27 𝑥 3 + 𝑥2 − 3 𝑥 + ; 16.29629
9 27

Q9. In the following table, values of 𝑦 are consecutive terms of a series of which 23.6 is the 6th
term. Find the first and tenth terms of the series.
𝑥 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
𝑦 4.8 8.4 14.5 23.6 36.2 52.8 73.9

ANS: First term is 3.1 and tenth term is 100.

Q10. Following are the marks obtained by 492 candidates in certain examination:
Marks range 0-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-65
No. of 210 43 54 74 32 79
students
Find out
 (a) No. of candidates, if they secure more than 48 but less than 50 marks.
(b) Less than 48 but not less than 45 marks.

ANS: (a) 27, (b) 27.

Q11. Certain corresponding values of 𝑥 and log10 𝑥 are given below:

𝑥 300 304 305 307

log10 𝑥 2.4771 2.4829 2.4843 2.4871

Find log10 310 by Newton’s divided difference formula.

ANS: 2.4786.

Q12. Following table gives the values of 𝑒 𝑥 for certain equidistance values of 𝑥. Find the value
of 𝑒 𝑥 when 𝑥 = 0.644 using Stirling’s method.
𝑥 0.61 0.62 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.67
𝑥
𝑦=𝑒 1.840431 1.858928 1.877610 1.896481 1.915541 1.934792 1.954237

ANS: 1.904082

Q13. The pressure 𝑝 of wind corresponding to velocity 𝑣 is given by the following data.
Estimate 𝑝 when 𝑣 = 25 using Bessel’s formula.

𝑣 10 20 30 40
𝑝 1.1 2 4.4 7.9

ANS: 3.0375