HERBS

SPICES

Name: BASIL

Origin: Asia and Africa

Part used: leaves

Uses: Tomato dishes, salad, stuffings, sauces, soups

Name: OREGANO

Origin: Temperate Mediterranean area to East Asia

Part used: Fresh and dried leaves

Uses: Soups, stews, sauces, cheese, breads, eggs, vegetables

Name: Mint

Origin: Europe, Asia, Africa

Part used: Fresh and dried leaves

Uses: Salads, sauces, lamb, chicken, seafood, garnishes, drinks, teas

Name: Rosemary
Origin: Temperate, Mediterranean area

Part used: Fresh and dried leaves

Uses: Stews, sauces, soups, stuffings, breads, eggs, teas

Name: Thyme

Origin: Temperate climate, Europe and Asia

Part used: Fresh and dried leaves

Uses: Stews, sauces, soups, stuffings, breads, eggs, teas

20 common culinary spices

Name* Description Place of origin, climate Part used Quality and taste Uses
Allspice Pimenta Perennial, tall Tropical, America and West Dried and cured Pungent, clovelike Sweets and cakes,
dioicaMyrtaceae evergreen tree Indieswhole and ground unripe berries pickles, preserved
meats, curries
Caraway Carum carviApiaceae Biennial, medium Temperate, Europe and Dried seeds, fresh Pungent, earthy with Breads, cheeses,
clump West Asia leaves and roots anise and orange pork, sausages,
mixes apples, cabbage,
pastes, spice
Cardamom Elettaria Perennial, medium Tropical, India Dried pods and Pungent, warm, Fruits, cakes, biscuits,
cardamomumZingiberaceae clump seeds, fresh leaves camphorous custards, curries, rice
Cassia Cinnamomum Perennial, tall Tropical, Burma Dried bark, whole Sweet, strong, Pastries, cakes,
aromaticumLauraceae evergreen tree and ground slightly bitter biscuits, curries, spice
blends
Chili Capsicumspecies Short-lived Tropical, America Fresh and dried Hot, fruity Spice blends, curries,
Solanaceae perennial, fruits and seeds pastes, sauces,
20 common culinary spices
Name* Description Place of origin, climate Part used Quality and taste Uses
perennial, small sambals, pickles, dips
bushes to small
trees
Cinnamon Cinnamomum Perennial, medium Tropical, Southern India Dried bark, whole Sweet, mild, warm, Stewed fruits, rice,
zeylanicumLauraceae evergreen tree and Sri Lanka and ground woody curries, spice blends,
sweet dishes, cakes,
breads
Cloves Syzygium Perennial, medium Tropical, Moluccas Dried flower buds Pungent, Curries, spice blends,
aromaticumMyrtaceae everegreen tree camphorous, spicy, spiced wines, stewed
slightly peppery fruits, custards,
pickles, meats
Coriander Coriandrum Annual, small Temperate, Europe Dried seeds, whole Amalgamating, citrus Cakes, pies, biscuits,
sativumApiaceae shrub and ground and sage fruits, curries, spice
blends, pickles,
sauces
Cumin Cuminum Annual, small Temperate, Mediterranean Dried seeds, whole Pungent, earthy Curries, spice blends,
cyminumApiaceae shrub and ground sweet flavor rice, fish, lamb,
breads, pickles,
vegetables
Fennel Foeniculum Herbaceous Temperate, Mediterranean Dried seeds, whole Amalgamating, sweet Salads, soups, spice
vulgareApiaceae perennial, tall and ground anise blends, pastas,
shrub breads, sausages
Fenugreek Trigonella foenum- Annual, small Temperate, Southern Dried seeds, whole Pungent, spicy and Vegetable and fish
graecumFabaceae slender and Asia Europe or dried leaves bitter curries, spice blends,
from seeds sprouts grown
Ginger Zingiber Perennial, Tropical, Asia Fresh and dried, Pungent, spicy, Biscuits, cakes, fish,
officinaleZingiberaceae spreading clump whole and ground sweet, warm to hot meats, vegetables,
roots curries
Juniper Juniperus Perennial, shrubs Temperate, Europe and Dried berries Pungent, savory, Game meats, duck,
communisCupressaceae to medium trees Asia spicy, pine pork, chicken, soups,
20 common culinary spices
Name* Description Place of origin, climate Part used Quality and taste Uses
stews
Nigella Nigella Annual, medium, Temperate, Southwest Asia Seeds Pungent, black, bitter, Breads, spice blends,
sativaRanunculaceae erect slightly metallic potatoes, curries
tasting
Nutmeg and Mace Myristica Perennial, Tropical, Indonesia Nutmeg-seeds, Nutmeg-sweet, Nutmeg-root
fragransMyristicaceae evergreen medium Mace-placental warm, aromatic vegetables, custards,
tree seed coverings, Mace-pungent, spicy, cakes, biscuits Mace-
dried, whole or sweet seafood, meat sauces
ground
Pepper Piper Perennial, climber Tropical, Southern India Dried or pickled Hot, pungent, Most savory foods
nigrumPiperaceae and Sri Lanka fruits fragrant
Saffron Crocus Perennial, small, Temperate, probably Dried stigmas Pungent, earthy, Rice, seafood,
sativusIridaceae bulbous Greece woody, fragrant chicken, cakes
Star aniseIllicium Perennial, Warm temperate to tropical Dried fruits woody, Pungent, spicy, Vegetables, fruits,
verumIlliaceae evergreen, small China and Vietnam aniseed strong seafood, cured
tree meats, sweet dishes
Turmeric Curcuma Perennial, leafy Tropical, India Fresh and dried, Amalgamating, spicy, Spice blends, curries,
longaZingiberaceae clump whole and ground bitter fish, stir-fries, rice
roots
Vanilla Vanilla Perennial, climbing Tropical, Florida, West Cured seed Sweet, fragrant Desserts, cakes,
planifoliaOrchidaceae orchid Indies, Central and South capsules biscuits, ice creams,
America sugar, chicken

https://www.encyclopedia.com/plants-and-animals/botany/botany-general/herbs-and-spices