Name : Zariq Nazaruddin Bin Naza Badi

No. ID : 2016250312
Class : EH2208E
Group : 4
Topic : Assignment Tutorial

QUESTION 4

a) The generation of clinical waste in Malaysia has increased significantly over the last few
decades. Wholly or partly of human animal tissue, blood or other body fluids, excretions,
drugs or other pharmaceutical products, swabs or dressings, syringes, sharp instruments
and other infectious materials contain in clinical waste poses potential health and
environmental risks. A great attention needs to be given on the current practice of clinical
waste management. Propose five (5) methods to segregate the clinical wastes.
(10 marks)

b) Malaysia today is an example for economic success, attaining a rapid economic growth
rate in Southeast Asia. The country continues to take big strides towards becoming an
industrialization nation by year 2020. With the current trends of rapid population growth
and industrialization, wastes and pollutants are released faster than the earth can absorb.
Thus, the environmental issues we encounter today are increasingly complex and require
more integrated solutions. As one of the environmental engineers, you need to adopt
strategies to focus on future hazardous waste scenario in Malaysia. Develop and discuss
five (5) strategies to reduce or tackle the hazardous waste.
(10 marks)
ANSWER 4

a) There are many methods to segregate the clinical waste, which are:

 Segregates the infectious waste at the point of origin.

 Segregates the infectious waste with multiple hazards as necessary for
management and treatment.
 Separate sharps waste from other medical wastes. Sharps items should be stored
in puncture-proof containers.
 Separate pathology wastes from other medical wastes.
 Separate chemotherapy wastes from other medical wastes.
b) Strategies that can reduce or tackle the hazardous waste are:
 By strengthening the hazardous waste management policy. It is necessary to
design an action plan that takes the whole hazardous waste management process
into account. In Malaysia, technological and economic policies, as well as standard
and technical guidelines, are not well developed, so it is necessary to complete the
creation of a system of technical and economic policies and related regulations.
 Create enforcement. It is necessary to strengthen the functioning of the
government enforcement of waste policies, to increase their number of manpower,
to improve the quality of management centres for hazardous wastes and to
establish effective monitoring mechanisms to ensure efficient supervisions of
producers and their behavior.
 Recovery/reuse of wasters. To increase hazardous waste recovery rates and
improve disposal technologies, several new activities must be set in place.
Furthermore, a reduction in the hazardous waste volume can be accomplished by
recycling, recovery or reuse of the hazardous waste.
 Contaminated land. There is a need to develop criteria and standards for
contaminated soil in Malaysia. Prior to any formulation of clearer policies and legal
limits for soil, it is imperative that a compilation of contaminated soil status should
be initiated and a set of soil pollution guidelines should be drawn up to assist both
public and private sectors in managing this problem.
 Counter measures on illegal dumping. Illegal dumping of scheduled wastes
remains a challenge. Therefore advance support tools are required that can
effectively monitor and control illegal dumping of toxic waste such as satellite
monitoring systems. Other than that, audits on waste generators, recyclers and
disposal facilities should be carried out in a systematic and regular manner.