BAB IV Gayungan

BAB IV
MASS BALANCE
Perhitungan mass balance menggunakan Sequencing Batch Batch Reactor (SBR) sebagai
pengolahan biologis seperti Gambar. 4.1 di bawah ini :
Gambar 4.1 Diagram Alir
Sumur Bar Bak Bak

Grit SBR
Pengendap I Equalisasi Effluen
pengumpul Screen Chamber
Sludge
Sludge
Sludge Sludge
Drying Bed Thickener
4.1 Perhitungan Mass Balance

Mass Balance dihitung dengan memperhatikan karakteristik awal air limbah yang
masuk. Karakteristik air limbah yaitu sebagai berikut:
 Q average = 0,48 m3/detik = 41472 m3/hari
 Q peak = 0,937 m3/detik = 80957 m3/hari
 Q min = 0,182 m3/detik = 15725 m3/hari
 [TS] = 720 mg/L
 [TSS] = 210 mg/L
 [BOD] = 190 mg/L
 [COD] = 430 mg/L
 [N] = 40 mg/L
 [P] = 7 mg/L
Gambar 4.2 Mass Balance

Mass Balance
3
Q = 0.48 m /s
%TSS = 100% %TSS = 100% Grit Chamber %TSS = 95% Bak Ekualisasi %TSS = 95%
Removal Removal
kg/hari kg/hari 5% kg/hari 0% kg/hari
mass TSS = 8709.12 mass TSS = 8709.12 TSS mass TSS = 8273.664 TSS mass TSS = 8273.664
Sumur Pengumpul TSS, Removal Removal
2% 0%
BOD, COD, N, P BOD BOD %BOD = 98%
Influent
Removal Removal
2% 0% kg/hari
COD COD mass BOD = 7722.086
Removal Removal
Removal 0% 0% 0%
%BOD = 100% %BOD = 100% N %BOD = 98% N %COD = 98%
Removal Removal
kg/hari kg/hari 0% kg/hari 0% kg/hari
mass BOD = 7879.68 mass BOD = 7879.68 P mass BOD = 7722.086 P mass COD = 17476.3
%COD = 100% %COD = 100% %COD = 98% %N = 100%
mass COD = 17833 kg/hari mass COD = 17832.96 kg/hari mass COD = 17476.3 kg/hari mass N = 1658.88 kg/hari
%N = 100% %N = 100% %N = 100% %P = 100%
mass N = 1658.88 kg/hari mass N = 1658.88 kg/hari mass N = 1658.88 kg/hari mass P = 290.304 kg/hari
%P = 100% %P = 100% %P = 100%
mass P = 290.304 kg/hari mass P = 290.304 kg/hari mass P = 290.304 kg/hari
Clarifier SBR Sedimentation 1 %TSS = 43%

Removal Removal
85% 55% kg/hari
Removal TSS 0% TSS TSS mass TSS = 3723.149
Removal Removal
89% 35%
Removal BOD 0% BOD BOD TSS to Sludge= 4550.515
Efluent
Removal Removal
85% 35%
Removal COD 0% COD COD %BOD = 64%
Removal Removal
87% 15% kg/hari
%TSS = 6% Removal N 0% %TSS = 6% N N mass BOD = 5019.356
Removal Removal
kg/hari kg/hari 90% 15% kg/hari
mass TSS = 558.47 Removal P 0% mass TSS = 558.4723 P P BOD Sludge = 2702.73
%BOD = 7% TSS Sludge= 3164.676 %COD = 64%
mass BOD = 552.13 kg/hari %BOD = 7% mass COD = 11359.6 kg/hari
%COD = 10% mass BOD = 552.1292 kg/hari COD Sludge = 6116.705 kg/hari
mass COD = 1703.94 kg/hari BOD Sludge= 4467.227 kg/hari %N = 85%
%N = 11% %COD = 10% mass N = 1410.048 kg/hari
mass N = 183.31 kg/hari mass COD = 1703.939 kg/hari %P = 85%
%P = 9% COD Sludge= 9655.656 kg/hari mass P = 246.7584 kg/hari
mass P = 24.68 kg/hari %N = 11%
mass N = 183.3062 kg/hari
%P = 9%
mass P = 24.67584 kg/hari
4.1.1 Sumur Pengumpul
Pada sumur pengumpul tidak terjadi penyisihan parameter air limbah, karena fungsi
utamanya adalah mengumpulkan dan menyetabilkan debit air limbah yang masuk ke IPAL.
Diagram alir mass balance di sumur pengumpul dapat dilihat pada Gambar 4.3
BOD = 7879.6 kg/hari

Removal 0% BOD =7879.6 kg/hari
COD = 17833 kg/hari
COD = 17833 kg/hari
TSS = 8709.12 kg/hari
P = 290.3 kg/hari
P = 290.3 kg/hari
N = 1658.8 kg/hari
N = 1658.8 kg/hari
Gambar 4.1 Mass Balance Sumur Pengumpul Menggunakan Qaverage
 INFLUEN dan EFFLUEN

a. Mass Balance BOD = (Q*BOD)/1000
= 7879.6 kg/hari Q average
= 15381.8 kg/hari Q peak
b. Mass Balance COD = (Q*COD)/1000
= 17833 kg/hari Q average
c. Mass Balance TSS = (Q*TSS)/1000

d. Mass Balance P = (Q*P)/1000
e. Mass Balance N = (Q*N)/1000
4.1.2 Bar Screen
Pada bar screen tidak terjadi penyisihan parameter air limbah, karena fungsi utamanya
adalah menyisihkan benda atau partikel berukuran besar, seperti daun dan ranting yang terbawa
oleh air limbah. Nilai parameter dan beban yang keluar dari bar screen sama. Diagram alir mass
balance di bar screen dapat dilihat pada Gambar 4.4
BOD =7879.6 kg/hari

BOD =7879.6 kg/hari
COD = 17833 kg/hari Removal 0%
COD = 17833 kg/hari
P = 290.3 kg/hari
P = 290.3 kg/hari
N = 1658.8 kg/hari
N = 1658.8 kg/hari
Gambar 4.2 Mass Balance Bar Screen Menggunakan Qaverage

 INFLUEN dan EFFLUEN
 Mass Balance BOD = (Q*BOD)/1000
= 694 kg/hari Q min

b. Mass Balance COD = (Q*COD)/1000
= 1576 kg/hari Q min
c. Mass Balance TSS = (Q*TSS)/1000
= 756 kg/hari Q min
d. Mass Balance P = (Q*P)/1000
= 25 kg/hari Q min
e. Mass Balance N = (Q*N)/1000
= 126 kg/hari Q min
4.1.3 Grit Chamber
Pada mass balance grit chamber dihitung besarnya beban yang masuk ke unit grit chamber,
beban yang teremoval, dan beban pada effluent. Hasil perhitungan mass balance grit chamber
dapat dilihat pada perhitungan berikut. Diagram alir mass balance di grit chamber dapat dilihat
pada Gambar 4.5.
BOD = 2%
COD = 2%
TSS = 5%
BOD =7879.6 kg/hari BOD =7722.09 kg/hari
P = 0%
COD = 17833 kg/hari COD = 17476.3 kg/hari
N = 0%
TSS = 8709.12 kg/hari TSS =8273.66 kg/hari
P = 290.3 kg/hari P = 290.3 kg/hari

N = 1658.8 kg/hari N = 1658.8 kg/hari
COD = 356.7 kg/hari
P = 0 kg/hari
N = 0 kg/hari
Gambar 4.3 Mass Balance Grit Chamber Menggunakan Qaverage
a. Mass Balance BOD

INFLUEN = 7879.6 kg/hari Q average
= 2588 kg/hari Q peak
= 694 kg/hari Q min
EFFLUEN = MBOD*(100%-%removal)
= 659 kg/hari Q min
b. Mass Balance COD
INFLUEN = 17833 kg/hari Q average

EFFLUEN = MCOD*(100%-%removal)
c. Mass Balance TSS
= 756 kg/hari Q min
EFFLUEN = MTSS*(100%-%removal)
= 680 kg/hari Q min
d. Mass Balance P
= 94 kg/hari Q peak
= 25 kg/hari Q min
EFFLUEN = MP*(100%-%removal)
= 94 kg/hari Q peak
= 25 kg/hari Q min
e. Mass Balance N

= 126 kg/hari Q min
EFFLUEN = MN*(100%-%removal)
= 126 kg/hari Q min
4.1.4 Sedimentasi I
Pada mass balance Sedimentasi I dihitung besarnya beban yang masuk ke unit Sedimentasi
I beban yang teremoval, dan beban pada effluent. Hasil perhitungan mass balance Sedimentasi I
dapat dilihat pada perhitungan berikut. Diagram alir mass balance di Sedimentasi I dapat dilihat
pada Gambar 4.6
BOD = 35%
COD = 35%
BOD =7722.09 kg/hari TSS = 55%
COD = 11359..6 kg/hari
COD =17476.3 kg/hari P = 15%
TSS =8273.66 kg/hari N = 15%
P = 246.7584 kg/hari
P = 290.3 kg/hari
N = 1410.04 kg/hari
N = 1658.8 kg/hari
COD = 6116.705 kg/hari
P = 43.54 kg/hari
N = 248.832 kg/hari
Gambar 4.4 Mass Balance Sedimentasi I Menggunakan Qaverage
a. Mass Balance BOD

= 659 kg/hari Q min
= 409 kg/hari Q min
b. Mass Balance COD
= 11359..6 kg/hari Q average
= 898 kg/hari Q min
c. Mass Balance TSS
= 680 kg/hari Q min
REMOVAL = MTSS*%removal
= 401 kg/hari Q min

= 279 kg/hari Q min
d. Mass Balance P
= 94 kg/hari Q peak
= 25 kg/hari Q min
= 80 kg/hari Q peak
= 20 kg/hari Q min
e. Mass Balance N
= 126 kg/hari Q min
= 101 kg/hari Q min
Konsentrasi TSS dalam lumpur 6% = 734 kg/hari Q average
= 401 kg/hari Q min

Produksi lumpur (M Solid) = (100% / 6%) * MTSS
= 6683,3 kg/hari Q min
Sg = 1,02 gr/cm3
ρ air = 1 gr/cm3
𝑀𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑
Debit lumpur = 𝑆𝑔 𝑥 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑥 %𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑥 1000
= 199.89 m3/hari Q average
= 399,77 m3/hari Q peak
= 109,2 m3/hari Q min
Q effluent = Q influen – debit lumpur
= 11810,11 m3/hari Q average
= 29667 m3/hari Q peak
= 11900,4 m3/hari Q min
4.1.5 Sequence Batch Reactor

BOD = 89%
COD = 85%
BOD=5019.356 kg/hari BOD = 558.47 kg/hari
TSS = 85%
COD=11359..6 kg/hari COD =1703.939 kg/hari
P = 90%
TSS= 3723.1 kg/hari TSS = 558.47 kg/hari
N = 87%
P= 246.7584 kg/hari P = 24.67 kg/hari
N= 1410.04 kg/hari N = 183.3 kg/hari

COD = 9655.7 kg/hari
P = 222.08 kg/hari
N = 1226.7 kg/hari
Gambar 4.5 Mass Balance SBR Menggunakan Qaverage
a. Mass Balance BOD
INFLUEN = (Q*BOD)/1000
= 409 kg/hari Q min
= 77,8 kg/hari Q average
= 194,7 kg/hari Q peak
b. Mass Balance COD
INFLUEN = (Q*COD)/1000
= 898 kg/hari Q min
c. Mass Balance TSS
INFLUEN = (Q*TSS)/1000

= 279 kg/hari Q min
REMOVAL = MTSS*%removal
d. Mass Balance P
INFLUEN = (Q*P)/1000
= 96 kg/hari Q peak
= 20 kg/hari Q min
= 2 kg/hari Q min
e. Mass Balance N
INFLUEN = (Q*N)/1000

= 101 kg/hari Q min
= 15 kg/hari Q min
Konsentrasi TSS dalam lumpur 6% = 478,8 kg/hari Q average
Produksi lumpur (M Solid) = (100% / 6%) * MTSS
Sg = 1,02 gr/cm3
ρ air = 1 gr/cm3
𝑀𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑
Debit lumpur = 𝑆𝑔 𝑥 𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑥 %𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑥 1000
= 68,4 m3/hari Q min
Q effluent = Q influen – debit lumpur
= 11801,3 m3/hari – 130,4 m3/hari
= 11487,8 m3/hari – 326,2 m3/hari

= 11900,4 m3/hari – 68,4 m3/hari
= 11832 m3/hari Q min

BAB IV Gayungan

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BAB IV

Gambar 4.1 Diagram Alir

Sumur Bar Bak Bak

4.1 Perhitungan Mass Balance

Gambar 4.2 Mass Balance

Clarifier SBR Sedimentation 1 %TSS = 43%

BOD = 7879.6 kg/hari

Gambar 4.1 Mass Balance Sumur Pengumpul Menggunakan Qaverage

 INFLUEN dan EFFLUEN

= 15381.8 kg/hari Q peak

b. Mass Balance COD = (Q*COD)/1000

= 17833 kg/hari Q average

= 34811.4 kg/hari Q peak

c. Mass Balance TSS = (Q*TSS)/1000

= 8709.12 kg/hari Q average

= 17000.9 kg/hari Q peak

= 290.3 kg/hari Q average

= 566.9 kg/hari Q peak

e. Mass Balance N = (Q*N)/1000

= 1658.8 kg/hari Q average

= 3238.27 kg/hari Q peak

4.1.2 Bar Screen

BOD =7879.6 kg/hari

Gambar 4.2 Mass Balance Bar Screen Menggunakan Qaverage

= 15381.8 kg/hari Q peak

= 694 kg/hari Q min

= 17833 kg/hari Q average

= 34811.4 kg/hari Q peak

= 1576 kg/hari Q min

c. Mass Balance TSS = (Q*TSS)/1000

= 8709.3 kg/hari Q average

= 17000.9 kg/hari Q peak

= 756 kg/hari Q min

d. Mass Balance P = (Q*P)/1000

= 290.3 kg/hari Q average

= 566.7 kg/hari Q peak

e. Mass Balance N = (Q*N)/1000

= 1658.8 kg/hari Q average

= 3238.27 kg/hari Q peak

= 126 kg/hari Q min

4.1.3 Grit Chamber

P = 290.3 kg/hari P = 290.3 kg/hari

TSS = 435.46 kg/hari

Gambar 4.3 Mass Balance Grit Chamber Menggunakan Qaverage

a. Mass Balance BOD

= 2588 kg/hari Q peak

= 694 kg/hari Q min

= 7722.09 kg/hari Q average

= 2538 kg/hari Q peak

= 659 kg/hari Q min

b. Mass Balance COD

INFLUEN = 17833 kg/hari Q average

= 5884 kg/hari Q peak

= 17476.3 kg/hari Q average

= 5766 kg/hari Q peak

c. Mass Balance TSS

INFLUEN = 17476.3 kg/hari Q average

= 2824 kg/hari Q peak

= 756 kg/hari Q min

= 8273.66 kg/hari Q average

= 2682 kg/hari Q peak

= 680 kg/hari Q min

INFLUEN = 290.3 kg/hari Q average

= 290.3 kg/hari Q average