Jasmine Campbell

Eng 487
CONSONANT CHART

IPA Sound Examples Alternate spellings

/b/ /b/ Be, back, beat, bowed, best, Beijing (gobbled)
/d/ /d/ Does, said, grandmother, handed, delighted, Mastered
and, bowed, drum, dance, riding
/f/ /f/ Cheerfully
/g/ /g/ Go, grandmother, grandma, peng, goes, going, (nogg)
riding
/h/ /h/ Here, handed, her, how Who, taught, when
/dʒ/ /j/ Just, Beijing, china
/k/ /k/ Back, thank Come, know, carrying, correct, can
/l/ /l/ Tell, leave, we’ll, delighted, children, learn, lions, Lili
cheerfully, legend, return
/m/ /m/ Mastered, tie, someone, Minnie, come, drum, me, Imperial
grandmother, grandma
/n/ /n/ When, legend, someone, then, Minnie, children, Know
learn, lions, can, return, vacation, new, china,
retuned
/p/ /p/ Peng, steps, deeply, People
/ɹ/ /r/ Mastered, ever, right, there, respect, return, Are
rhythm, her, correct, riding
/s/ /s/ Respect, someone, said, tangs, steps, see, so, Dance,
slowly, lions, best, yes
/t/ /t/ Just, tell, time, visit, taught, tang, to, beat, want, dance
out, correct, it, wait, right, best, vacation, too
/v/ /v/ Visit, leave, vacation, ever Of
/w/ /w/ With, was, want, wait, how, when, new, we’ll, (One)
/j/ /y/ You, yes unison
/z/ /z/ (zoo) Does, Visit, was, goes,
/tʃ/ /ch/ Children, cheerfully T’ai chi, watch
/ʃ/ /sh/ She, show Concentration
// /th/ NA
With, well, grandmother, the, thank, their, this,
(-V)
/ð/ /th/ NA
Rhythm, then, the
(+V)
/ʒ/ /zh/ (television)
(Treasure)

/ŋ/ /ng/ Tangs, carrying Peng

 VOWEL CHART
IPA Sound Examples from passage Alternate Spellings
Short vowels
/æ/ / ă / bat Tang, and, dance, back,
/ɛ/ / ĕ / bet Peng, Said,
/ɪ/ /ĭ/ bit Minnie, with, visit, children Gymnastics
/ɑ/ /ŏ/ hot Grandmother, know, how To, who, does, come, was
/ɔ/ /aw/ law (law) Taught
/L/ /ŭ/ but Drum, must, (trust) Was, does, was, come
/ʊ/ /ŏŏ/ book good Could,
/ə/, /ɨ/ about, roses Want, delighted, children, grandmother, to, and, children, learn visit,
The, come, I”ll, drum
Long vowels
/e/ / ā / a_e bake Face, wake, made, late She, slowly, Minnie, beat
/i/ / ē / ee bee See, deeply Me, she, slowly, Minnie, We’ll, return,

/aɪ/ / ī / i_e bite like Lion’s, delighted. I’ll, right,

/o/ / ō / o_e bone Home, one (Bone, slone, cone) Slowly, so, told, go
/u/ / ū / oo boot Good, look, You, who
/oɪ/ / oy / boy (boy) (boil)
/aʊ/ / ou / bounce House How
r-colored Fierce, grandmother, drum NA
/ar/ far Farm, Store
/ǝr/ fur Returned, Grandmother
/air/ fair Hair , their There
/ear / fear Wear, year, reared here
/or / for Story, decorate Door
/ayr/ fire Fireworks, (hire) NA
/our/ hour Flour (dryer)

Spelling patterns

1. In a closed syllable with a vowel followed by a consonant, the vowel is usually short.

Drum, must, trust, children, to, next, month, him, back, here, does, and

2. An open, accented vowel is usually long.

Go, delighted, lion, slowly

3. A vowel followed by a consonant and silent e is usually long;

 Wake, made, home, wake, made, late

4. The consonant v cannot end a word that has a short vowel. An e must be added:

5. When a base word has a vowel followed by a consonant and a silent final e, drop the e when
adding a suffix:

waking, timing, faced, making, carrying

6. In a syllable with a single vowel ending in one or more consonants, the vowel is usually short.

The, (lit), that, (long), (mist), (short), (across), (if)

7. A single vowel letter that ends a syllable is usually long

(table), (cable), home, like, Face, wake, made, late

8. Two (or more) vowels side by side in the same syllable may make a long vowel

you, see, deeply

9. The pronunciation of a vowel is often changed if it follows the consonant r.

(Hard), Fierce,

10. The vowel sound in an unaccented syllable reduces to a schwa.

was, Want, delighted, children, the

11. Usually final, unaccented syllables with odd spellings.

Union, concentration
12. Silent e syllable ( s-e)

Face, make, made, late, like

13. Consonant -LE syllable

(While), (smile), (simple

14. When c comes before a, o, u, or a consonant, it makes the hard K sound.

Correct, come, can, carrying,

15. The spelling th represents two sounds: the voiced th as in this, and the unvoiced th as in
thin.
 Rhythm, then, the, this, they, that

16. Use ch at the beginning of a word (chip). Use ch after a consonant (punch). Use ch after a
vowel pair (Beach).

Children, (crunch),(bunch), (speech)