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ITEC229
Client-Side Internet and Web Programming
Introduction to Internet
and World Wide Web
CHAPTER 1
LOGO
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Contents
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The original aim was to create a network that would allow users of
a research computer at one university to be able to "talk to"
research computers at other universities.
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ARPANET
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http://www.ietf.org/
Founded 1986
Request For Comments (RFC) at
http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html
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Internet Backbone
A high capacity communication link that carries data
gathered from smaller links that interconnect with it.
NAP – Network
Access Point
Access points or
junctions to the
Internet Backbone
in major cities.
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Client
requests some type of service (such as a file or database
access) from the server.
Server
fulfills the request and transmits the results to the client
over a network
The Internet Client/Server Model
Client -- Web Browser
Server -- Web Server
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Web Client
Connected to the Internet when needed
Usually runs web browser (client) software such as
Internet Explorer or Netscape
Uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Connect to a web server using URL information
Requests web pages from server
Receives web pages and files from server
Display the formatted information
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Web Server
Continually connected to the Internet
Runs web server software (such as Apache or Internet
Information Server)
Uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Receives request for the web page
Responds to request and transmits status code, web page, and
associated files
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E-mail Protocols
Sending E-mail
• SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Receiving E-mail
• POP (POP3) Post Office Protocol
• IMAP Internet Mail Access Protocol
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HTTP Request
HTTP Response
Web browsers send HTTP requests for web pages and their associated
files.
Web servers send HTTP responses back to the web browsers.
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FTP: File Transfer Protocol allows you to copy files from one
computer connected to the Internet to another computer
connected to the Internet. It allows you to download
information, upload web pages and transfer information
between computers.
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”When I took office, 1994: Andreesen and Jim Clark found Netscape, and
only high energy create first commercial Web browser, Netscape
physicists
had ever heard of Navigator.
what is called the
World Wide August 1995: Microsoft introduces its version of Web
Web... Now even my browser, Internet Explorer.
cat has it's own
page.”
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What is WWW?
is a way of accessing information over the medium of the
Internet.
is one of the major services of the internet who hosts
information of almost about anything one might like to
search for.
computer network consisting of a collection of Internet
sites that offer text and graphics and sound, video and
animation resources through the hypertext transfer
protocol.
The Web uses the HTTP protocol, only one of the languages
spoken over the Internet, to transmit data. Web services,
which use HTTP to allow applications to communicate in
order to exchange business logic, use the Web to share
information.
The Web also utilizes browsers, such as Internet
Explorer or Firefox, to access Web documents called Web
pages that are linked to each other via hyperlinks.
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Web Browsers
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Web Addresses
Example: http://www.cnn.com/world/index.html
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Web Pages
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END of CHAPTER 1
LOGO
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