CONSTRUCTION MANUAL &

METHODOLOGY FOR
SANITARY/PLUMBING SYSTEM
OF

ONE TRIUM TOWER

FILINVEST AVE, ALABANG, MUNTINLUPA CITY

ARCHT: JOSE SIAO LING & ASSOCIATES

GENCON: MONOLITH CONSTRUCTION &
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
 CONSTRUCTION MANUAL & METHODOLOGY FOR
PLUMBING SYSTEM

A. GENERAL

Piping shall be installed as shown on the drawings, as recommended by the manufacturer and as
directed during installation, straight and direct as possible, forming right angles or parallel lines
with building walls and other pipes and neatly spaced. Erect pipes risers plumb and true, parallel
with walls and other pipes neatly spaced.

1. All piping shall be properly supported or suspended on stands, clamps, hangers or

equivalent of approved design. Supports shall be installed in such a manner to
permit pipe free from expansion and contraction while minimizing vibration.

2. Do not install pipes in a manner which interferes with other pipes, ducts, conduits,
equipments and adjacent structures of the building.

3. The arrangement, positions and connections of pipes, fixtures, drains, valves and
the like, indicated on the drawing shall be followed as closely as possible.

4. The responsibility for accurately laying out the work and coordination of
installation with other contracts rest with the contractor. Any field layout
interference that occurs shall be reported immediately to the project manager.

5. All pipes shall be cut accurately to measurements and shall be worked into place
without springing or forcing. Changes in pipe sizes shall be made with reducing
fittings.

6. Roughing-in for pipes and fixtures shall be carried along with the building
construction. Correctly located openings of proper sizes shall be provided where
required in the walls and floors for the passage of pipes. Al items to be embedded
in concrete shall be thoroughly cleaned and free from all rust, scale and paint.

7. Pipes shall not pass through columns, footings, beams except where noted on the
drawings.
B. WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

1. The piping shall be extended to all fixtures, outlets and equipment from the gate
valves installed in the branch near the riser.

2. All piping above ground shall be run parallel with the lines of the building unless
otherwise shown in the plans.

3. No water piping shall be buried in floors unless specifically indicated on the

drawings or approved by the engineer.

4. All service pipes, valves and fittings shall be kept at sufficient distance from other
work to permit finished covering not less than one half inch from such work or
from finished covering on the different service.

5. Changes in pipes shall be made with reducing fittings.

6. No valve shall be installed within stem below the horizontal. All valves shall be
gate valves unless otherwise specified or noted on the drawings.

7. Unions shall be concealed in walls, ceilings and partitions except where they are
enclosed in a metal frame box cover.

C. THREADED PIPE JOINTS

1. All galvanized iron pipes shall be reamed before threading. All screw joints shall
be made with graphite and oil or with an approved graphite compound applied to
ale threads only. Threads shall be full out and not more than three threads on the
pipe shall remain exposed.

2. Caulking of threaded joints to stop or prevent leaks will not be permitted. Use
pipe thread seal tape sealant or equivalent on all GI or steel pipes screwed on
threaded joints.
D. SOIL, WASTE & VENT PIPING SYSTEMS

1. Fittings: All changes in pipe sizes on waste and drain lines shall be made with
reducing fittings.

2. Vent pipes in roof spaces shall be run as close as possible to underside of roof
with horizontal piping pitched down to stacks without forming traps. Vertical vent
pipes may be connected into one main vent above the highest vented fixture.

3. Where an end or circuit vent from any fixtures or line of fixtures as connected to a
vent line serving other fixtures, the connections shall be at least 4 feet above the
floor on which the fixture are located to prevent the use of vent line as waste.

4. Horizontal waste receiving the discharge from two or more fixtures shall be
provided with end vents unless separate venting of fixtures is noted.

E. PIPING GRADES AND SLOPES

1. Keep all horizontal runs of piping except where concealed in partitions, as high as
possible and close to the wall.

2. Piping shall be properly graded or pitched to insure easy circulation, drainage and
prevent water hammer and noise. Slopes as follows unless otherwise indicated.

3. Cold water shall pitched up in the direction of flow at 1 inch in 60 ft. horizontal
run.

4. Maintain a minimum of 1% horizontal run for all sanitary soil, waste and
leader lines.
F. CLEANING AND PAINTING

a. ALL EXPOSED METAL SURFACES

1. All exposed metal surfaces shall be rid of grease, dirt or other foreign
materials.
2. Chrome or nickel plated pipings, fittings and trimmings shall be polished
upon completion.
3. All equipment, fixtures valves and fittings shall be cleaned of grease and
sludge which may have accumulated. Any stoppage or discoloration or
other damage to parts of the building its finish or furnishings due to the
system shall be repaired by the Contractor.

b. PAINTING

1. Pipe hanger supports and all other iron works in concealed spaces shall be
thoroughly cleaned and painted with one coat.

2. Finish and all other iron works shall be as directed by the Architect.

3. Exposed CI pipes and fittings that are tar or asphalt coated shall be given
two coats of shellac prior to application of two coats of oil paints as
directed by the Designer/Architect.

G. UNION CONNECTIONS

1. Slip joints shall be permitted only in traps seals or on the inlet side of the traps.

2. Tuckers or hub drainage fittings shall be used for making union connections
wherever practicable in connection with dry vents. Use of screws and fittings
bushed in the sand.
H. PLUMBING SYSTEM TEST

1. The entire system of drains, waste and vent piping inside the building shall be
tested. Water test shall be in accordance with the Plumbing Code. Every portion
of the system shall be tested to hydrostatic pressure equivalent to at least 10 foot
head of water. After filling, water supply shall be shut-off and allowed to stand ½
hours under test, during which the time shall be no drop greater than 4’’.

2. Upon completion other roughing-in and before getting fixtures the entire cold
water piping system shall be tested at 150 psi for the period of two hours before
covering.

3. Where a portion of the water piping system is to be concealed before completion,

this portion shall be tested in a manner similar to that described for the entire
system

4. The contractor shall furnish and pay for all devices, materials labor and
power required in connection with all test.

5. Defects disclosed by the test shall be repaired or If required by the engineer

defective work shall be replaced without extra charge to the owner. Test shall be
repeated as directed until all works are proven satisfactory.

6. The contractor shall also be responsible for other trades that may be damaged or
distributed by the test or the repair or replacement of his own work and shall
restore the damage to its original condition without extra cost to the owner.

7. The contractor shall notify the engineer, inspector and other having jurisdiction at
least a week in advance of making the required test so arrangement can be made
for their presence to witness the test.

8. All repair to piping shall be made with new materials at the expense of the
contractor.
I. GUARANTEE FOR PLUMBING SYSTEM

The Plumbing Contractor shall furnish the Owner a written guarantee covering the
satisfactory operations of the plumbing installation in all its parts for a period of one year
after the date of acceptance. During this period, the Plumbing Contractor shall repair or
replace any defective work and pay for any repair or replacement cost.

J. WARRANTY FOR EQUIPMENT

Upon receipt of a written complaint and during the period of the guarantee, all defective
parts shall be replaced by the Contractor at his own expense.

K. DISINFECTION

1. The entire water system shall be thoroughly flushed and disinfected with chlorine
before it is placed in service.

2. Chlorine shall be liquid chlorine or hypochlorite and shall be introduced into the
water lines in a manner approved by the Sanitary Engineer.

3. Chlorine dosage shall be to provide no less than 50prts per million of available
chlorine and allowed to stand for 24 hours after which the system shall be flushed
with potable water until the residual chlorine content is about .2 parts per million.
All valves in the system shall be opened and closed several times during the
chlorinating period.

4. The interior of underground and elevated water tank shall be thoroughly

Washed and swabbed with chlorine or hypochlorite solution containing 200 parts
per million available chlorine and allowed to stand for at least 16 hours after
which the tank shall be flushed with potable water before placing it into service.

5. The contractor shall furnish and pay for all devices, chlorine materials, labor and
owner required for disinfection purposes. Disinfection shall be made in the
presence of the Sanitary Engineer.
L. UNDERGROUND DRAINAGE SYSTEM

A. EXCAVATING

1. Trenches for all underground pipelines shall be excavated to the required

depths and grades.

2. Bell holes shall be provided so that pipe will rest on well and solid ground
for its length.

3. Where rock is encountered, excavation shall extend to a six inches below

the pipe bottom and before pipe is laid, the space between the bottom of
pipe or other approved filling materials.

B. PIPE LAYING

1. Pipes in trenches shall be laid true to line and grade on a stable or suitably
prepared foundation, each section of the pipe being bedded and bottom of
the trench shaped to fit the lowest quadrant of the pipe circumference.

C. BACKFILLING

1. After pipelines have been tested, inspected and approved by the engineer,
and prior to backfilling, all forms and bracings shall be removed and the
excavation shall be cleaned from trash and debris.

2. Materials for backfilling shall consists of approved materials and shall be

free of debris or big rocks.

3. Backfill shall be placed in horizontal layers, properly moistened and

compacted to an optimum density that will prevent excessive settlement
and shrinkage.
M. UNDERGROUND PERFORATED PVC PIPES

Step 1 – DIGGING THE TRENCH

Check the location of the perforated drainage pipes on plan and start digging.
Make sure that the design of the trench will take water away from the house and
foundation and into the pit.

Dig a trench twice as wide if possible as the drainage pipe and deep enough so the
pipe is below the frost line.

Step 2 – CREATING THE SLOPE

Take the hammer and drive the wooden stakes into the dirt in the trench
approximately every 4 ft. Tie the string to stake where the pipe will begin. Run
the string to the next stake and wrap the string around the stake. Attach the line
level to the string and make sure the string is level. Now slide the string down this
stake about ½ inch.

Repeat this procedure for the remaining stakes. Sliding the string down lower at
each stake will create the necessary slope for the water to flow down the
perforated drainage pipe.

Step 3 – LEVELLING THE SOIL

Use the tamper to pack down the soil in the trench for a firm base. Use the tape
measure to make sure the distance from the string to the soil is the same at each
stake. Add or remove soil as necessary to maintain the proper slope. Remove the
string and stakes after tamping down the soil.

Step 4 – ADDING GRAVEL & GEOTEXTILE FILTER CLOTH

Geotextile filter cloth will prevent the soil from leeching into the perforated
drainage pipes and prevent it from clogging. Lay and wrap the filter cloth around
the diameter of the perforated drainage pipe making sure that it has an overlap.
Tie the cloth to make it firm when laying.

Use enough filter cloth to allow it to wrap around the pipe and all the gravel that
will be used. Add enough gravel to make a depth of at least 2’’. Use a rake to
level the gravel.
 Step 5 – LAYING THE PERFORATED DRAINAGE PIPE

Start laying the drainage pipe on top of the gravel. Make sure that the slope of the
perforated drainage pipes will allow water to flow and be collected to a pit.
Design of pit and pump will be based on the density of water penetrating at the
subsoil.

Step 6 – COMPLETING THE INSTALLATION

Add more gravel to the trench, covering the perforated drainage pipe and creating
a depth of 4-6 inches.

N. SANITARY DRAIN, WASTE & VENT SYSTEM

I. PURPOSE:

To ensure that the installation of PVC Waste Water & Sanitary Wastewater Lines are
carried out safely, efficiently and in accordance with good working practice, as per Job
Specification. The procedure is intended to provide general application guidance and
establish controls during preparation and installation.

II. SCOPE:

This Method Statement is applicable to all PVC Wastewater & Sanitary wastewater
Plumbing activities regardless of sizes and classes, which are to be installed on the
Project.

III. REFERENCES:

ASME A112.18.1M : Plumbing Fixture Fittings

ASTM D2564 : Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly
(VinylChloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping System.
ASTM D2665 : Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
Plastic wwwwwDrain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings.
ASTM F656 : Standard Specification for Primers for Use in Solvent
Cement Joints of Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings.
IV. RESPONSIBILITIES:

Piping Superintendent / Supervisor:

Ensure full compliance by all piping foremen, pipefitters, welders and

labour regarding execution of the work in accordance with project
requirements and specifications. Confirm the availability of all materials,
tools, equipment, and required personnel who will carry out the work.
Conduct brief meeting with all personnel involved in installation of
underground piping.

Quality Control Inspector:

Conducts inspection in accordance with this procedure & QCP (Site

Construction). Prepare daily QC records and final acceptance
documentation where required.

Safety Supervisor:

Check the work areas for any unsafe conditions. Ensure that all safety
requirements have been adequately addressed and the work shall be
carried out in accordance with project safety procedures.

Engineering Department:

Prepare and submit method statement for review and approval. Provide
technical support to site operation group. Provide latest revision of FCD
drawings, procedures, material specifications standards and technical
specifications.
V. WORK SEQUENCE / PROCEDURE:

A. Required Tools, Materials and Equipment :

- Wrap Around
- Permanent Marking Pen
- Saw (Fine Tooth Saw)
- Course File, Chamfering Tool or Sub-form Tool.
- Bevel Gauge (15 0)
- Steel Rule or Tape
- Paint Brush
- Grinding Machine
- Chain Block
- Spirit Level“90o” Square
- Mixing Paddle / Spatula

A.1 Materials

- PVC Pipes & Fittings

- Cleaner
- Solvent Cement

B. Pre-Installation Activities:

 Ensure that all relevant documents have been approved prior to installation,
and that the latest revisions of FCD drawings, specifications including,
approved procedures are disseminated to concerned personnel who will carry
out the work.

 Ensure that all PVC Underground Plumbing Materials to be transported from

warehouse / laydown area to the work area comply with the project
specifications. Site handling and identification of all piping materials and
components shall be in accordance with Standard Operating Instructions.

 PVC Pipes & Fittings should be given adequate support at all times. Pipes &
Fittings should not be stacked in large piles, especially in warm temperature
conditions, as the lower layer may distort; Any Pipe with ends prepared
jointing (socket & spigot joints, “A” joints, etc.) should be stacked in layers
with socket placed at alternate ends of the stack and with socket protruding.

 For field storage, where racks are not provided, ensure that the ground is level
and free from loose stone. Pipes must be stored off the ground on proper
dunnage and should not exceed three layers high and should be stacked to
prevent movement. The storage area should be barricaded and sign boarded.
  Ensure that the PVC Pipe is always stored in shaded area or provide
polyethylene blue sheet cover to avoid ultra-violet (U/V) degradation from the
sun’s rays.

 Check and verify the location and orientation of piping to plant North on FCD
isometrics / plan drawings. Establish good reference points for proper
alignment.

C. Installation Activities:

C-1 CUTTING & CHAMFERING

 Pipes should be layed in proper bedding material to avoid damage during

installation.

 Pipe should be cut square. Method of cutting pipes square is to place a

wraparound around pipe with no overlap of the edges. Mark a line around pipe
(felt pen is ideal). Cut to line with a fine toothed saw. (See Figure 1)

Figure 1a.

 Pipe end should be chamfered at an angle 15 degrees to about one third (1/3)
of the wall thickness with the course file, sub-form tool or chamfering tool.
(See Figure 2).

Figure 1b.
  Check the angle is correct with a bevel gauge.

C-2 SOLVENT WELD JOINTS

 Mark Depth of entry of the pipe into socket and alignment mark and make an
alignment mark parallel the long axis of the pipe. (See Figure 2)

Figure 2.
 Roughen the outside of the pipe and the inside of the socket using sand paper
or emery cloth up to the entry mark. ( See Figure 3)

Figure 3

 Clean both surfaces and remove all dust, grease and stain using dry clean cloth
and cleaner (See Figure 4)

Figure 4

 Stir Solvent adhesive thoroughly.

 Apply adhesive with out delay after cleaning, using a flat clean brush. Apply
an even unbroken layer brushing axially to the pipe end socket mouth with a
heavier layer on the pipe. Where loose fits are found, the pipe should be given
a second coat.
(See Figure 5)

Figure 5

 Immediately insert the pipe into the socket up to the entry mark, align pipe &
socket, Hold in position for a few seconds, then wipe off excess cement (DO
NOT TWIST).
(See Figure 6)

Figure 6

 Always replace lid of the can after making a joint and follow the instructions
on the can observing any warning.
C-3 AFTER JOINTING

 New joints should not be moved or disturbed for 10-15 minutes after which
the jointed pipe may be handled with care. Allow four (4) hours if the jointed
pipe lengths are to be laid in an extended pipe run.

 Ensure that the pipe is properly supported by use of sufficient approved

bedding materials, which must be free from large stone, sand, sharp object
that could damage the pipe.

 Check compliance of slope & elevation to the approved for construction

drawing.

 Ensure that all type of inspection & testing including service testing has been
executed before commencing back filling.

 Carefully backfill and compact as per project specification requirement.

 Upon completion and acceptance of inspection, conduct housekeeping

properly.

VI. INSPECTION & QUALITY RECORDS:

 Inspection shall be conducted and recorded in accordance with the Job

Specific Inspection and Test Plan.

VII. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:

 Barricade the working area.

* END OF SECTION *
 TESTING METHODOLOGY FOR PLUMBING WORKS
(Leak Test for Drainage and Sewer Lines)

1. SCOPE – This procedure covers the testing of piping systems to wit;

a. Drainage line
b. Sewer line

2. PURPOSE – The purpose of this test is the following:

a. To verify the integrity of the workmanship after pipe installation.
b. To verify the compliance of materials as per their specified pressure rating.
c. To capture and record testing data as a baseline for future operation and maintenance.

3. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

a. Water Pump
b. Clean Water

4. TEST CONDITION/PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT

a. Duration : 4 Hours
b. No visible leakage from external piping and joints.
c. At the end of 24 hrs. Duration, there should be no drop on water level.

5. TESTING PROCEDURE – Leak Test for Drainage and Sewer

a. Plug all the openings for drainage.
b. Extend the pipe of sewer line 1.2 meters above the floor.
c. Fill the system with water up to 1 meter mark of the extend pipe.
d. Inspect the joints and fittings for possible leaks.
e. Allow the water to stand for 4 hours.
f. There should be no drop in water level after 4 hours of testing.
6. RISK ASSESSMENT

RISK AND HAZARD ACTION

1. Assign worker to maintain the testing

A. Slippery floor due to water ponding
area dry by sweeping/mopping the
within the testing area.
floor during the course of testing

B. Exposure to solvent while

repairing/preparing which may cause 2. Advice the worker to wear mask.
dizziness.
TESTING METHODOLOGY FOR PLUMBING AND SANITARY
(Pressure Test for Potable and Non-Potable Water Line)

1. SCOPE – this procedure covers the testing of piping systems to wit;

a. Potable Water Line
b. Non-Potable Water Line

2. PURPOSE – The purpose of this test is the following:

a. To verify the integrity of the workmanship after pipe installation
b. To verify the compliance of materials as per their specified pressure rating.
c. To capture and record testing data as a baseline for future operation and
maintenance.

3. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

a. Calibrated pressure gauge
b. Pressure Pump
c. Wrench
d. Clean Water

4. TEST CONDITION/PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT

a. Test Pressure: 15 times of the working pressure
b. Duration : 2 hours
c. Monitoring: By calibrated pressure gauge installed at the lowest element.
d. No visible leakage from external piping
e. At the end of 2 hrs. Duration, there should be no drop on the applied pressure.

5. TESTING PROCEDURE
a. Plug all the openings
b. Close all the drain valves
c. Completely fill the system with water, avoiding any air column by keeping the
drain valve or plug at the highest elevation slightly open while filling water to
allow air to scape. Close the drain valve or plug once completed
d. By a pressure pump pressurize the system, inspect for any signs of leaks.
Pressurize the line for an initial pressure of 100 PSI. Inspect the system.
e. If the system is OK as per item No. 4, pressurize the system to 150 PSI allow
10 minute for any drop in pressure or leakage.
 f. If the system is found to be leak proof as per item No. 5 pressurizes the
system to the required testing pressure and keep for 2 hrs. there should be no
drop in pressure after the testing duration.

6. RISK ASSESSMENT

RISK AND HAZARD ACTION

A. Rotating gear and belt of 1. Advise/remind workers to

pressure pump which can keep away or keep a safe
catch loose clothing and distance from rotating
items. member of the pump.
2. Wear fitted clothes; remove
hanging items such as
necklace, ID holder and towel.

B. Loose fittings, plug, valves 1. Inspect and tighten fittings, plugs,

and connectors that can be valves and connectors prior to
blown by high pressure during testing.
testing.

C. Slippery floor due to water 1. Assign worker to maintain the

ponding within the testing testing area dry by
area. sweeping/mopping the floor
during the course of testing.

Prepared by:

CHARIE BAUTISTA