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Classify numbers as real, irrational, rational, integer, prime, and/or natural. Section 2.1
a
Express any decimal as a rational number in the form , where a and b are integers Section 2.1
b
Arrange numbers in any form in increasing or decreasing order Section 2.1
Round any answer to a requested number of significant figures Section 2.2
Round any answer to a requested number of decimal places Section 2.2
Find the percent error between an exact answer and an approximate answer Section 2.2
Write any number in scientific notation Section 2.3
Perform operations with numbers in scientific notation Section 2.3
Perform operations involving metric units and conversions [i.e. m2 cm2] Section 2.4
Perform operations involving time units and conversions [i.e. hours seconds] Section 2.4
Write a system of equations that represents a real-life situation Section 2.6
Solve a system of equations that represents a real-life situation Section 2.6
Identify the vertex, axis of symmetry, x- and y-intercepts of a quadratic function Section 2.7
Solve quadratic equations Section 2.7
Factor quadratic expressions Section 2.7
1. Consider the numbers 5, 0.5, 5 , and -5. Complete the table below, showing
which of the number sets, , these numbers belong to.
2. Given Z the set of integers, Q the set of rational numbers, and R the set of
real numbers:
2. Which of the numbers in this set , 27, 2 , 100, 6, 2.57, 0.59, 20 , 0, 2 are also:
3 4
Remember, numbers may be used more than once!
a. Natural numbers
b. Whole numbers
c. Integers
d. Rational numbers
e. Irrational numbers
f. Real numbers
When we round our answers, we are changing an exact answer into an approximate
error. This introduces error into our calculation. IB expects you to find how much
error there is.
To find percent error, find the difference between the exact answer and the
approximate answer, and then divide by the exact answer. Multiply by 100 to
change to percent.
𝑣𝐴 − 𝑣𝐸
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100
𝑣𝐸
(3 2.1) 3
4. (a) Calculate exactly .
7 1.2
(c) Calculate the percentage error when the answer to part (a) is
written correct to 2 significant figures.
IB Math Studies
2.3 Standard Form
1. A box contains 1.81 x 1024 atoms. One third of them are carbon, the other
two thirds are oxygen. How many carbon atoms are in the box? How many
oxygen atoms?
x
a)
y
b) y 2x
1. (a) A girl’s height is 1.623 m. Write her height to the nearest cm.
(b) The time taken to fill a tank was 2 hours 43 minutes. Write this
time to the nearest 5 minutes.
(c) The attendance at a show was 2591 people. How many people, to the
nearest 100, were at the show?
(d) The mean distance of the Moon from the Earth is approximately
384 403 km. Write this distance in the form a × 10k where 1 ≤ a < 10
and k ∈ .
(a) mn;
m
(b) .
n
(a) How many metres does sound travel in air in one hour?
(a) Write down the exact value of x in the form a×10k where k is an
integer and 1 ≤ a < 10.
The SI unit for energy is Joules. An object with mass m travelling at speed v has energy
1 2
given by mv (Joules).
2
In the SI system of units, distance is measured in metres (m), mass in kilograms (kg), and
time in seconds (s). The momentum of an object is given by the mass of the object
multiplied by its speed.
c) Write down the correct combination of SI units (using m, kg, s) for momentum.
IB Math Studies
2.7 Simultaneous Equations
1. At Jumbo’s Burger Bar, Jumbo burgers cost ₤J each and regular cokes cost ₤C each. Two
Jumbo burgers and three regular cokes cost ₤5.95.
b) If one Jumbo Burger costs ₤2.15, what is the cost of one regular coke?
2. The cost c, in Australian dollars (AUD), of renting a bungalow for n weeks is given by the
linear relationship c = nr + s, where s is the security deposit and r is the amount of rent per
week.
Ana rented the bungalow for 12 weeks and paid a total of 2925 AUD.
Raquel rented the same bungalow for 20 weeks and paid a total of 4525 AUD.
1. Jacques can buy six CDs and three video cassettes for $163.17
or he can buy nine CDs and two video cassettes for $200.53.
(a) Express the above information using two equations relating the
price of CDs and the price of video cassettes.
(c) If Jacques has $180 to spend, find the exact amount of change he
will receive if he buys nine CDs.
2. A store sells bread and milk. On Tuesday, 8 loaves of bread and 5 litres
of milk were sold for $21.40. On Thursday, 6 loaves of bread and 9 litres
of milk were sold for $23.40.
If b = the price of a loaf of bread and m = the price of one litre of milk,
Tuesday’s sales can be written as 8b + 5m = 21.40.
(a) Using simplest terms, write an equation in b and m for Thursday’s
sales.
(c) Draw a sketch, in the space provided, to show how the prices can be
found graphically.
5
3
m
2
0
0 1 2 3 4
b
3. Mal is shopping for a school trip. He buys 50 tins of beans and 20 packets
of cereal. The total cost is 260 Australian dollars (AUD).
(a) Write down an equation showing this information, taking b to be the
cost of one tin of beans and c to be the cost of one packet of cereal
in AUD.
Stephen thinks that Mal has not bought enough so he buys 12 more tins
of beans and 6 more packets of cereal. He pays 66 AUD.
(b) Write down another equation to represent this information.
(ii) Write down the coordinates of the point of intersection of the two graphs
IB Math Studies
2.8 Solving Quadratic Functions
Sketch each of the following quadratic functions on the graph paper. Then find
the vertex, axis of symmetry, x-intercepts [solutions], and y-intercept.
Solutions Factoring
f ( x) x 6 x 8
2
f ( x) x 2 10 x 25
f ( x) x 2 5 x 6
IB Math Studies
2.8 Factoring Quadratic Equations
𝑥 2 − 25 =
49𝑥 2 − 100 =
1. a) Factorize the expression 𝑥 2 − 25.