Design of wideband MIMO Antenna with Spanner
Shaped
Burgos José Cunalata Paola
Student of ESPOCH Student of ESPOCH
Facultad de Informatica y Electronica Facultad de Informatica y Electronica
Riobamba, Ecuador Riobamba, Ecuador
jose.burgosz@espoch.edu.ec paola.cunalata@espoch.edu.ec
Abstract—In this document we present the concept, history,
importance, applications, design, simulation and implementation
of a MIMO microstrip antenna with spanner shape. The spanner
shape will allow the antenna to behave like a broadband antenna,
which will operate in the frequency range between 2.743-11.6
GHz for a VSWR≤2; In addition, a transmission line will be
used as the feeding method for the antenna. The simulation
of the design and the respective results of the antenna will be
carried out with the Ansoft Designer software. Finally, the design
implementation will be carried out on FR4.
Index Terms—Multiple Input Multiple Outputs (MIMO), An-
soft Designer, frequency, wideband, Radiation pattern, FR4.
I. INTRODUCTION
Modern communication systems today require antennas
with a simple structure, with a relatively light weight, a
considerable size and a high gain that provide reliability and
high efficiency. Microstrip antennas meet these requirements
and are easy to implement, economical and easy to
produce and process, so they are very popular in satellite
communication applications, radar, medical applications
and, especially, in wireless communications. However, patch
antennas have certain unfavorable characteristics, so the
challenge in designing a microstrip antenna is to increase
bandwidth and gain [1].
Conventional wireless communication transmits and
receives data using the SISO antenna system, however, the
channel capacity of this system can’t satisfy the high data
transmission speed. There are several methods to improve the
speed of the data and the capacity of the channel, either by
increasing the signal to noise ratio, the bandwidth of the signal
or the number of antennas, although, the first two methods
can’t improve the spectral efficiency. A MIMO system can
increase the transmission path, antenna gain and efficiency [2].
In the traditional antenna design for the communication
system, a single antenna is used in the transmitter and another
in the receiver, MIMO on the other hand, is a technology that
uses the diversity principle in order to increase data speeds
with the same bandwidth. In the MIMO antenna system,
there are several antennas on the transmitter side and on
the receiver side, which aim to improve the performance of
Casa Cristian
Student of ESPOCH
Facultad de Informatica y Electronica
Riobamba, Ecuador
cristian.casa@espoch.edu.ec
the communication system [3]. MIMO requires two or more
antenna elements, and to achieve low coupling in MIMO
systems, the antenna elements must be placed at a distance
of at least half a wavelength [4].
MIMO antennas have become one of the most
important technical advances in next-generation wireless
communications, offering significant increases in data
throughput and link reach without requiring additional power,
greater spectral efficiency and less fading [5].
However, interference can occur when two antennas are
used in the same circuit space, to reduce interference, it
depends a lot on the orientation of the antennas, for example,
when the elements of the antenna are orthogonal to each other,
the interference is reduced. by the polarization of diversity
[3]. Recently, broadband and ultra-wideband MIMO antennas
have become a very promising solution for multipurpose
devices to meet the growing demand for operational frequency
bands in portable devices [5].
In the development of this document, we present the design,
simulation, implementation and analysis of results of a 2x1
MIMO antenna with radiant elements in the shape of a
spanner that are arranged perpendicularly to one another on
the substrate side, fed with CPW and implemented on a FR4
substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.3. The system can
operate in the frequency range 2.743-11.6 GHz.
II. SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
In this section we explain through graphics the comparison
of 9 paper about MIMO Antenna for the purpose of choose
the best project option
List of papers to compair:
1) Desing and Simulation of Omnidirectional MIMO Mi-
crostrip Antenna at 1.8 HHZ for LTE Applications
2) Desing of Wideband MIMO Antenna for Wireless Ap-
plications
3) Desing of a Tri-band MIMO Antenna wit High Isolation
for WLAN and WiMAx Applications
4) A Spanner Shaped Ultra Wideband Antenna for MIMO
Applications
 5) Desing of Multiple Input Multiple Output Patch Antenna E. Gain
for Multiband Applications The Gain has a maximum of 17 and a minimum of 4, but
6) Compact MIMO Antenna System wit High Isolation for in two papers is unknown because researchers don’t specify
Ultra-Wideband Applications which is the gain of the antenna when this is implemented.
7) Desing of a Compact Dual-Element MIMO-UWB An- The range of gain common is 5 - 13 dBi. This values could
tenna by Using Slot and Stub be constant of a range for the conditions of probe the antenna
8) Desing MIMO 1x8 Antenna for Future 5G Applications and variations in the measurement.
9) A Novel Multiple Element Patch Antenna for Wireless As the ghapic shows Fig. 5
MIMO Beamforming and WiMAX Applications
N° Frequency BW Rad Pattern Supply Gain
1 1.8 GHz 1.6 – 1.96 GHz Omnidirectional CPX 5 dBi
2 2.6 GHz 2 – 3 GHz Omnidirectional CPX 5.9 – 6.2 dBi
3 2.4 GHz 1.7 – 5.5 GHz Omnidirectional CPX 12 – 17 dBi
4 6.6 GHz 2.78 – 10.86 GHz Omnidirectional CPX Omnidirectional
5 5.6 GHz 5 – 6 GHz Directive CPX 8 – 9 dBi
6 38 GHz 37.485 – 38.779 GHz Directive CPX 13.4 – 15.76 dBi
7 5.2 GHz 1.4 – 2.5 GHz Omnidirectional CPX 9.98 dBi
8 3.3 GHz 3 – 5.8 GHz Omnidirectional CPX 4 dBi
9 10.6 GHz 2.71 – 11.67 GHz Omnidirectional CPX Unknown

Table 1. Comparison Table

A. Frecuency
The frequency has an average of 8.45 with a maximum of
38 and a minimum of 1.8, but the average of frequencies are
approximately 5. but in the paper number 6 found an unusual Fig. 1. Frecuency Comparison
frecuency for a MIMO antenna because this paper show us
a prototype of future antenna with applications in 5G. In the
others papers the common frecuency it’s around the average.
A conclusion about the frecuency is that the best option to
selecto a frecuency to work is in a range of 2 - 10 GHz.
As the ghapic shows Fig. 1

B. Band Width
The Bandwidth follows a behavior like the frequency. In this
graphic show some papers that contain differents information
about bandwith like as we can see how it goes increasing with
an inicial reference and complete too, but we figure out that
number 6 have a largest bandwith making reference with the
values, then number 9 and four are almost the same, last paper
number 1 contains the lower bandwith
As the ghapic shows Fig. 2 Fig. 2. Band Width Comparison

C. Radiation Pattern
The Radiation Pattern only has two options Omnidirectional
and Directive. The most common Radiattion Pattern is the
Omnidirectional form that is used in 7 papers of 9 in total.
Only two papers use a Directive Radiattion Pattern. The
chooise of the most of Researchers is the Omnidirectional in
consequence this is the Radattion Pattern that we will choose.
As the ghapic shows Fig. 3

D. Supply
In all the papers use the transmission line like energy source.
Exist other forms like coaxial imput but in majority papers of
MIMO antenna only found the transmission line; In the paper
selected to work for the project we use a transmission line like
a found of power Fig. 3. Radiation Pattern Comparison
As the ghapic shows Fig. 4
 Fig. 6. Geometry of proposed spanner shaped patch anteena front view

Fig. 4. Supply Comparison

Fig. 7. Front view of MIMO antenna

Fig. 5. Gain Comparison

Fig. 8. Ground plane of MIMO antenna

III. ANTENA PROPOSAL
It has been decided to choose as a reference the antenna
presented in document number 4, ”A BROADBAND AN- R EFERENCES
TENNA IN THE FORM OF A KEY FOR MIMO APPLI- [1] Huque, T., Hosain, K.,Islam, S. y Chowdhury, A., Design and Perfor-
CATION”, in which a design of a key-shaped patch antenna mance Analysis of Microstrip Array Antennas with Optimum Parameters
for X-band Applications., [Online], International Journal of Advanced
is presented, with transmission line power, ultra wide-band, Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA) Vol.2, no4, pp. 82-87.
broadband and its 2x1 MIMO implementation for ultra-wide [2] M. S. Sharawi, “Printed Multi-Band MIMO antenna systems and their
band applications. Additionally, the proposed antenna has a performance metrics,” IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., vol. 55, no. 5,
pp.219-232, 2013.
retagular floor structure in the ground plane, which provides [3] K. P. Wei, Z. J. Design of a Dualband Omnidirectional. Progress In
significant characteristics of directivity, bandwidth and loss of Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 126, 101-120,2012.
return. The proposal is implemented in MIMO 2x1 array in [4] A.A. Asaker, R.S. Ghoname, A.A. Zekry, “Design of a Planar MIMO
Antenna for LTE- Advanced” International Journal of Computer Appli-
the same circuit space with orthogonal polarization; and also, cations (0975 – 8887), Volume 115 – No.12, April 2015.
has a good mutual coupling, achieving as a result a better [5] Milan Polivka and Alois Holub, Planar version of Collinear Microstrip
envelope correlation coefficient. In addition, the antenna that Patch Antenna, International Conference on Microwaves, Radar &
Wireless Communications, pp. 959-962, May 2006.
develops has certain characteristics, such as:
• Frequency of operation
• Bandwidth
• Type of feed: Transmission line
• Type of substrate: FR4
• Thickness
• Permitivity
Figure 7 shows the patch design that will be used on the
substrate; while Figure 8 and Figure 9 show a tentative front
and rear view of the final design of the MIMO 2x1 antenna.