LACHLAN HOWARD 32011855

Assiginment 6: Essay Sample

Table of Contents
Assiginment 6: Essay Sample ..................................................................................................... 1
Americal American Psychological Association Style Sample ........................................ 2
Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 2
Discussion ..................................................................................................................................... 2
Examples........................................................................................................................................ 2
Format ............................................................................................................................................ 2
Summary........................................................................................................................................ 3
References ..................................................................................................................................4

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Americal American Psychological Association Style Sample

Introduction
The American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily used in the social
science disciplines. It is formatted like Modern Language Association (MLA), and
shows many similarities, but is unique in several key points. This paper discusses the
APA in detail. "Addressing plagiarism has become a major challenge in education
and educating students in referencing correctly with the APA 6th is one way of
trying to overcome the problem (Bretag, 2013; Manar & Shameem, 2014).”

Discussion
APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but rather than
indicating the author's name and page number, APA includes author's name and date
of publication. The page number, represented with a p. or a pp., is only added to the
citation when using a direct quote (not a summary or paraphrase). If the author's
name is mentioned in the sentence, then place the date of publication in parentheses
directly after the name. If the name is not mentioned include the author's name and
date in parentheses at the end of the source material. And, if you use a direct quote,
place the page number after the publication date within the parentheses.

Examples
Note the difference between the following three examples:

Terrence (2007) has presented poignant examples from 150 interviews. However, it
has been pointed out that the research was conducted in a selective, highly biased,
way (Strong & Porter, 1998). All of the interviewees have been called “exceptions to
the norm” (Strong & Porter, 1998, p. 5).

Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the sentence, the
second example paraphrases authors that are not named in the sentence, and the third
example provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion of the page numbers) but also
does not identify the authors within the sentence. If the authors were identified
within the sentence in the third example, the authors' names would be followed by
the year of publication and only the page numbers would be in the parentheses at the
end of the quote.

Format
Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what APA calls the
Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences from the MLA Works
Cited format. With APA you include the initial of the author's first name rather than
the complete name, the publication date immediately follows the author's name in
parentheses, and titles of articles are not surrounded with quotation marks. The lists
are still alphabetized by author's last name (or title in the absence of an author) and
the first line is flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in
(approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A good resource to help you with referencing is
Notre Dame’s referencing guide at http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-

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3040351. There is also a summary downloadable help document available at:

http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you include a
reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA, Bibliography Versus
Reference List, 2017). A reference list consists of all sources cited in the text of a
paper whereas a bibliography may include resources that were consulted but not
cited in the text as well as an annotated description of each one.

Summary
The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses the APA 6th
referencing style for all written documents. In addition to in text referencing and the
reference list there are a number of formatting requirements to ensure your essay
complies with APA standards. Get to know the APA 6th.

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References

APA. (2017) Bibliography versus reference list. Retrieved from

http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-references.aspx#Bibliography

Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS Medicine,

10(12), e1001574. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001574

Hosny, M., & Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and

plagiarism: University case study. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(8), 748-757.

doi:10.3923/jas.2014.748.757

Strong, R. L., Porter, M. (1998), Grammatical Combinations. In S. Parker & K.

Gibson (Eds.), Language and Literacy (p 540-578) Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press.

Terrence, H. S. (2007, November 1). Student Success in Community Colleges. The

West Australian, p. 6-7

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