@CRUiSE

Advanced Impact Integration Platform for Cooperative Road Use .

A DYNAMIC LINK-BASED ECO-INDICATOR

FOR SUPPORTING EQUITABLE TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Jorge M. Bandeira (DEM TEMA)
Carlos Sampaio, E. Macedo, M. Vilaça, C. Guarnaccia, B. Friedrich, H.Relvas, S. Rafael, V. Rodrigues,
M.C. Coelho

Aveiro, May 8, 2019

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MOTIVATION

I. Traffic assignment with

environmental objectives
studied since 1993.
II. Population exposure =>
neglected in the literature =>
link-based constant externalities
costs tend to be used in the
majority studies

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OBJECTIVES

To build a link-based eco-indicator:

 Updatable in real-time

Using multiple information sources

 Based on an economic cost factor

Sampaio et. al Transportation Research Procedia, 37( September 2018), 43–50.

https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRPRO.2018.12.164
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METHODOLOGY - OVERVIEW
Video, Bluetooth, Crowdsourcing
Data collection
loop detectors/ GNSS (FCD) Statistical data Local station
method tools
historic data

Traffic flow, 1 Hz vehicle’ Residents per

Parameters Meteorological data
average speed dynamics block

CNOSSOS-
Model COPERT VSP URBAIR
EU

Impacts Noise GHG Criteria pollutants

Air quality

Vulnerability Vulnerability factor Population

exposed
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HANDBOOK ON EXTERNAL COSTS OF TRANSPORT

Road traffic externalities costs in Portugal (NA)

COSTS COSTS
EUR Noise
External costs (EUR/Year.person (EUR /person
Table (EUR/ton) (dB)
exposed) exposed hour)
CO2 90 51 6 0,000685
NOX 1947 55 29 0,003311
NMVOC 1048 60 56 0,006393
PM2.5 196335 65 84 0,009589
70 113 0,0129
75 187 0,021347
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LINK-BASED ECO-INDICATOR (LBEI)

Externalities
Noise, GHG, AP (€)

LBEI with National

Average GHG
Air pollution

Potential
People LBEI with Vulnerability Noise
exposed & Air Factor
quality Potential People exposed

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RISK ADJUSTMENT FACTORS

Figure 1
a) Link-based vulnerably risk
adjustment factor;

b) NOx concentration grid.

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EXAMPLE OF LBEI

Figure 2 - a) based on national average values b) weighted by local vulnerability

factor c) relative costs d) LBEI variations (links > 50 m).

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APPLICATION OF LBEI

LBEI GIS Solution

488 links;
Network Dijkstra
47 km;
367 nodes. analyst algorithm

Figure 3 – Case study, Link costs with VF, off-peak hours.

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MULTICRITERIA ROUTING - COMPARISON

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MULTICRITERIA ROUTING -. COMPARISON

Distance Environmental Environmental Fuel Tax

Period Routing criteria (km) Travel Time (sec) Costs VF (€) Costs NA (€) costs (€)

Distance 3.24 378.0 4 0.295 0.166 0.19

1 4
Travel time 3.31 6 345.6 % 0.189 0.167 0.19
%
Eco-indicator VF 3.56 439.2 0.164 0.184 0.21

Off-peak Eco-indicator NA 3.24 378.0 0.295 0.166 0.19

Distance 3.24 421.2 4 0.401 0.208 0.20

3 2
1 %
Travel time 3.31 406.8 0.323 0.221 0.20
%

Eco-indicator with 3.56 496.8 0.232 0.234 0.22

Peak Eco-indicator NA 3.24 421.2 0.401 0.208 0.20

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CONCLUSIONS AND ONGOING WORK

PM2,5, NOx and NMVOC costs increase considerably when

the VF is considered;
Peak hours have higher environmental costs (35%-70%);
Routing with VF and NA => different routing solutions;
Fuel taxes similar to road traffic externalities costs based
on NA but not considering VF;
Ongoing research:
 Crowdsourcing tools to update VF over the day
 Innovative road pricing schemes
 Inclusion of sustainable routing algorithms in CAVs (InFLOWence)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

@CRUiSE PTDC/EMS-TRA/0383/2014
CISMOB – PGI01611

TEMA UID-EMS-0048-2013-FCT

CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-022083

INFLOWENCE (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029679)

MobiWise – P2020 SAICTPAC/0011/2015

Noise Pollution by Creaticca Creative Agency, from the Noun Project, Air Pollution by Template from the Noun Project, Global Warming by Francesca Ameglio from the Noun Project

HTTPS://PROJECT-CRUISE.WEEBLY.COM/

AVEIRO, MAY 8, 2019